Impact of diet in shaping gut microbiota revealed by a comparative study in children from Europe and rural Africa.

abstract：:Ca(2+) influx triggers the fusion of synaptic vesicles at the presynaptic active zone (AZ). Here we demonstrate a role of Ras-related in brain 3 (Rab3)-interacting molecules 2α and β (RIM2α and RIM2β) in clustering voltage-gated CaV1.3 Ca(2+) channels at the AZs of sensory inner hair cells (IHCs). We show that IHCs of...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Jung S,Oshima-Takago T,Chakrabarti R,Wong AB,Jing Z,Yamanbaeva G,Picher MM,Wojcik SM,Göttfert F,Predoehl F,Michel K,Hell SW,Schoch S,Strenzke N,Wichmann C,Moser T

更新日期：2015-06-16 00:00:00

abstract：:The polyomavirus enhancer is composed of multiple DNA sequence elements serving as binding sites for proteins present in mouse nuclear extracts that activate transcription and DNA replication. We have identified three such proteins and their binding sites and correlate them with enhancer function. Mutation of nucleoti...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Martin ME,Piette J,Yaniv M,Tang WJ,Folk WR

更新日期：1988-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Egg activation is the process by which a mature oocyte becomes capable of supporting embryo development. In vertebrates and echinoderms, activation is induced by fertilization. Molecules introduced into the egg by the sperm trigger progressive release of intracellular calcium stores in the oocyte. Calcium wave(s) spre...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Kaneuchi T,Sartain CV,Takeo S,Horner VL,Buehner NA,Aigaki T,Wolfner MF

更新日期：2015-01-20 00:00:00

abstract：:Mitochondrial protein kinases (mPKs) are molecular switches that down-regulate the oxidation of branched-chain alpha-ketoacids and pyruvate. Elevated levels of these metabolites are implicated in disease states such as insulin-resistant Type II diabetes, branched-chain ketoaciduria, and primary lactic acidosis. We rep...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Machius M,Chuang JL,Wynn RM,Tomchick DR,Chuang DT

更新日期：2001-09-25 00:00:00

abstract：:Preterm birth (PTB) complications are the leading cause of long-term morbidity and mortality in children. By using whole blood samples, we integrated whole-genome sequencing (WGS), RNA sequencing (RNA-seq), and DNA methylation data for 270 PTB and 521 control families. We analyzed this combined dataset to identify gen...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Knijnenburg TA,Vockley JG,Chambwe N,Gibbs DL,Humphries C,Huddleston KC,Klein E,Kothiyal P,Tasseff R,Dhankani V,Bodian DL,Wong WSW,Glusman G,Mauldin DE,Miller M,Slagel J,Elasady S,Roach JC,Kramer R,Leinonen K,Linth

更新日期：2019-03-19 00:00:00

abstract：:Protozoan parasites of the genus Leishmania undergo a complex life cycle involving transmission by biting sand flies and replication within mammalian macrophage phagolysosomes. A major component of the Leishmania surface coat is the glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI)-anchored polysaccharide called lipophosphoglycan (L...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Späth GF,Epstein L,Leader B,Singer SM,Avila HA,Turco SJ,Beverley SM

更新日期：2000-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The structure of the antigen-binding fragment (Fab) of an anti-phenylarsonate monoclonal antibody (36-71) bearing a major crossreacting idiotype of A/J mice has been solved and refined to an R factor of 19.3% at a resolution of 2.9 A. An initial electron density map was obtained with phase information from a total of ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Rose DR,Strong RK,Margolies MN,Gefter ML,Petsko GA

更新日期：1990-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Heparin preparations from pig intestinal mucosa and from bovine lung were separated by chromatography on antithrombin-Sepharose into a high-affinity fraction (with high anticoagulant activity) and a low-affinity fraction (with low anticoagulant). Antithrombin-binding heparin fragments (12-16 monosaccharide units) were...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Lindahl U,Bäckström G,Höök M,Thunberg L,Fransson LA,Linker A

更新日期：1979-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In the last few years, data from experiments employing transgenic models of autoimmune disease have strengthened a particular concept of autoimmunity: disease results not so much from cracks in tolerance induction systems, leading to the generation of anti-self repertoire, as from the breakdown of secondary systems th...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： André I,Gonzalez A,Wang B,Katz J,Benoist C,Mathis D

更新日期：1996-03-19 00:00:00

abstract：:The only major glutamate receptor membrane-associated guanylate kinase scaffolds expressed in the young superficial superior colliculus (SC) are synapse-associated protein 102 (SAP102) and postsynaptic density protein 95 (PSD95). In this, as in all visual brain regions examined, synaptic PSD95 increases rapidly follow...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Zhao JP,Murata Y,Constantine-Paton M

更新日期：2013-01-08 00:00:00

abstract：:Modern functional imaging techniques of the brain measure local hemodynamic responses evoked by neuronal activity. Capillary pericytes recently were suggested to mediate neurovascular coupling in brain slices, but their role in vivo remains unexplored. We used two-photon microscopy to study in real time pericytes and ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Fernández-Klett F,Offenhauser N,Dirnagl U,Priller J,Lindauer U

更新日期：2010-12-21 00:00:00

abstract：:Depression is a debilitating mental illness and is often comorbid with metabolic disorders such as type 2 diabetes. Adiponectin is an adipocyte-derived hormone with antidiabetic and insulin-sensitizing properties. Here we show that adiponectin levels in plasma are reduced in a chronic social-defeat stress model of dep...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Liu J,Guo M,Zhang D,Cheng SY,Liu M,Ding J,Scherer PE,Liu F,Lu XY

更新日期：2012-07-24 00:00:00

abstract：:In this report, we explore the nature of the inductive stimuli leading to expression of the divergently regulated lymphokines interleukin 2 (IL-2) and interleukin 4 (IL-4). Elevation of cAMP levels blocks IL-2 induction while sparing IL-4 induction. These effects are gene-specific, not cell-specific, and can be observ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Novak TJ,Rothenberg EV

更新日期：1990-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Cofilin-actin rods are inclusion-like structures that are induced by certain chemical or physical stresses in cultured cells, and the rods formed in neurons are thought to be associated with neurodegeneration. Here, we cloned an Aplysia cofilin homolog and overexpressed it in cultured neurons. Overexpressed cofilin fo...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Jang DH,Han JH,Lee SH,Lee YS,Park H,Lee SH,Kim H,Kaang BK

更新日期：2005-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:T cells must respond differently to antigens of varying affinity presented at different doses. Previous attempts to map peptide MHC (pMHC) affinity onto T-cell responses have produced inconsistent patterns of responses, preventing formulations of canonical models of T-cell signaling. Here, a systematic analysis of T-c...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Lever M,Lim HS,Kruger P,Nguyen J,Trendel N,Abu-Shah E,Maini PK,van der Merwe PA,Dushek O

更新日期：2016-10-25 00:00:00

abstract：:Several mouse models have already proved valuable for investigating hypertrophic responses to cardiac stress. Here, we characterize one caused by a well defined single copy transgene, RenTgMK, that genetically clamps plasma renin and thence angiotensin II at high levels. All of the transgenic males develop concentric ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Caron KM,James LR,Kim HS,Knowles J,Uhlir R,Mao L,Hagaman JR,Cascio W,Rockman H,Smithies O

更新日期：2004-03-02 00:00:00

abstract：:The transport of moisture in the tropics is a critical process for the global energy budget and on geologic timescales, has markedly influenced continental landscapes, migratory pathways, and biological evolution. Here we present a continuous, first-of-its-kind 1.3-My record of continental hydroclimate and lake-level ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Lyons RP,Scholz CA,Cohen AS,King JW,Brown ET,Ivory SJ,Johnson TC,Deino AL,Reinthal PN,McGlue MM,Blome MW

更新日期：2015-12-22 00:00:00

abstract：:Mutations in the iPLA2-VIA/PLA2G6 gene are responsible for PARK14-linked Parkinson's disease (PD) with α-synucleinopathy. However, it is unclear how iPLA2-VIA mutations lead to α-synuclein (α-Syn) aggregation and dopaminergic (DA) neurodegeneration. Here, we report that iPLA2-VIA-deficient Drosophila exhibits defects ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Mori A,Hatano T,Inoshita T,Shiba-Fukushima K,Koinuma T,Meng H,Kubo SI,Spratt S,Cui C,Yamashita C,Miki Y,Yamamoto K,Hirabayashi T,Murakami M,Takahashi Y,Shindou H,Nonaka T,Hasegawa M,Okuzumi A,Imai Y,Hattori N

更新日期：2019-10-08 00:00:00

abstract：:Higher plants process two distinct, nuclear gene-encoded glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) proteins, a Calvin-cycle enzyme active within chloroplasts and a glycolytic enzyme active within the cytosol. The gene for the chloroplast enzyme was previously suggested to be of endosymbiotic origin. Since the a...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Martin W,Brinkmann H,Savonna C,Cerff R

更新日期：1993-09-15 00:00:00

abstract：:OLE (ornate, large, extremophilic) RNAs comprise a class of structured noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) found in many extremophilic bacteria species. OLE RNAs constitute one of the longest and most widespread bacterial ncRNA classes whose major biochemical function remains unknown. In the Gram-positive alkaliphile Bacillus hal...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Harris KA,Zhou Z,Peters ML,Wilkins SG,Breaker RR

更新日期：2018-07-03 00:00:00

abstract：:The lateral neural plate border (NPB), the neural part of the vertebrate neural border, is composed of central nervous system (CNS) progenitors and peripheral nervous system (PNS) progenitors. In invertebrates, PNS progenitors are also juxtaposed to the lateral boundary of the CNS. Whether there are conserved molecula...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Li Y,Zhao D,Horie T,Chen G,Bao H,Chen S,Liu W,Horie R,Liang T,Dong B,Feng Q,Tao Q,Liu X

更新日期：2017-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Hearing loss is the main limitation of radiation therapy for vestibular schwannoma (VS), and identifying treatment options that minimize hearing loss are urgently needed. Treatment with bevacizumab is associated with tumor control and hearing improvement in neurofibromatosis type 2 (NF2) patients; however, its effect ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Gao X,Zhao Y,Stemmer-Rachamimov AO,Liu H,Huang P,Chin S,Selig MK,Plotkin SR,Jain RK,Xu L

更新日期：2015-11-24 00:00:00

abstract：:Persisting (P) cells (murine cells that resemble mast cells and grow continuously in vitro for prolonged periods in the presence of a specific growth factor) did not express detectable levels of Ia antigens (murine class II major histocompatibility antigens) when their growth was supported by partially purified P cell...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Wong GH,Clark-Lewis I,McKimm-Breschkin JL,Schrader JW

更新日期：1982-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We present a simple theory that uses thermodynamic parameters to predict the probability that a protein retains the wild-type structure after one or more random amino acid substitutions. Our theory predicts that for large numbers of substitutions the probability that a protein retains its structure will decline expone...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Bloom JD,Silberg JJ,Wilke CO,Drummond DA,Adami C,Arnold FH

更新日期：2005-01-18 00:00:00

abstract：:Despite the success statistical physics has enjoyed at predicting the properties of materials for given parameters, the inverse problem, identifying which material parameters produce given, desired properties, is only beginning to be addressed. Recently, several methods have emerged across disciplines that draw upon o...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Miskin MZ,Khaira G,de Pablo JJ,Jaeger HM

更新日期：2016-01-05 00:00:00

abstract：:We investigated the defensive behavior of honeybees under controlled experimental conditions. During an attack on two identical targets, the spatial distribution of stings varied as a function of the total number of stings, evincing the classic "pitchfork bifurcation" phenomenon of nonlinear dynamics. The experimental...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Millor J,Pham-Delegue M,Deneubourg JL,Camazine S

更新日期：1999-10-26 00:00:00

abstract：:We report a signal-on, electronic DNA (E-DNA) sensor that is label-free and achieves a subpicomolar detection limit. The sensor, which is based on a target-induced strand displacement mechanism, is composed of a "capture probe" attached by its 5' terminus to a gold electrode and a 5' methylene blue-modified "signaling...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Xiao Y,Lubin AA,Baker BR,Plaxco KW,Heeger AJ

更新日期：2006-11-07 00:00:00

abstract：:We present the complete nucleotide and deduced amino acid sequences of a mouse epidermal keratin subunit of 60,000 Da. The keratin possesses a central alpha-helical domain of four tracts (termed 1A, 1B, 2A, and 2B) that can form coiled-coils, interspersed by short linker sequences, and has non-alpha-helical terminal d...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Steinert PM,Parry DA,Racoosin EL,Idler WW,Steven AC,Trus BL,Roop DR

更新日期：1984-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The relationship between the compositions of the Earth and chondritic meteorites is at the center of many important debates. A basic assumption in most models for the Earth's composition is that the refractory elements are present in chondritic proportions relative to each other. This assumption is now challenged by r...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Huang S,Jacobsen SB,Mukhopadhyay S

更新日期：2013-03-26 00:00:00

abstract：:Nitrofurans, a class of antibacterial drugs in extensive use, interferes with gene expression in a highly specific manner. While in the low dose range (0.5-25 mug/ml), 5-nitro-2-furfurylidene-1-aminohydantoin has no effect on transcription, it inhibits specifically the expression of one class of genes in translation. ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Herrlich P,Schweiger M

更新日期：1976-10-01 00:00:00