The glucocorticoid hormone signal transduction pathway in mice homozygous for chromosomal deletions causing failure of cell type-specific inducible gene expression.

abstract：:Protective immunity against human schistosome infection develops slowly, for reasons that are not yet fully understood. For many decades, researchers have attempted to infer properties of the immune response from epidemiological studies, with mathematical models frequently being used to bridge the gap between immunolo...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Mitchell KM,Mutapi F,Savill NJ,Woolhouse ME

更新日期：2012-08-14 00:00:00

abstract：:Motifs of neural circuitry seem surprisingly conserved over different areas of neocortex or of paleocortex, while performing quite different sensory processing tasks. This apparent paradox may be resolved by the fact that seemingly different problems in sensory information processing are related by transformations (ch...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Hopfield JJ

更新日期：1996-12-24 00:00:00

abstract：:Network theory provides a powerful tool for the representation and analysis of complex systems of interacting agents. Here, we investigate the U.S. House of Representatives network of committees and subcommittees, with committees connected according to "interlocks," or common membership. Analysis of this network revea...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Porter MA,Mucha PJ,Newman ME,Warmbrand CM

更新日期：2005-05-17 00:00:00

abstract：:In mammalian females, most genes on one X chromosome are transcriptionally silenced as a result of X chromosome inactivation. Whereas it is well established that some X-linked genes "escape" X inactivation and are expressed from both active (Xa) and inactive (Xi) X chromosomes, most models for the chromosomal control ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Carrel L,Willard HF

更新日期：1999-06-22 00:00:00

abstract：:Patients undergoing treatment at a community-based renal dialysis clinic were monitored monthly for hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) and antibody to HBsAg (anti-HBs). Of 160 patients who began treatment HBsAg(-)/anti-HBs(-), 77 subsequently became HBsAg(+). Once HBsAg(+), males were more likely to remain HBsAg(+) i...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： London WT,Drew JS

更新日期：1977-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Glycosylation is one of the most common posttranslational modifications to occur in protein biosynthesis, yet its effect on the thermodynamics and kinetics of proteins is poorly understood. A minimalist model based on the native protein topology, in which each amino acid and sugar ring was represented by a single bead...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Shental-Bechor D,Levy Y

更新日期：2008-06-17 00:00:00

abstract：:Low phosphate (Pi) availability constrains plant development and seed production in both natural and agricultural ecosystems. When Pi is scarce, modifications of root system architecture (RSA) enhance the soil exploration ability of the plant and lead to an increase in Pi uptake. In Arabidopsis, an iron-dependent mech...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Mora-Macías J,Ojeda-Rivera JO,Gutiérrez-Alanís D,Yong-Villalobos L,Oropeza-Aburto A,Raya-González J,Jiménez-Domínguez G,Chávez-Calvillo G,Rellán-Álvarez R,Herrera-Estrella L

更新日期：2017-04-25 00:00:00

abstract：:Sex is thought to facilitate accumulation of initially rare beneficial mutations by allowing simultaneous allele replacements at many loci. However, this advantage of sex depends on a restrictive assumption that the fitness of a genotype is determined by fitness potential, a single intermediate variable to which all l...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Kondrashov FA,Kondrashov AS

更新日期：2001-10-09 00:00:00

abstract：:Object recognition is challenging because the same object can produce vastly different images, mixing signals related to its identity with signals due to its image attributes, such as size, position, rotation, etc. Previous studies have shown that both signals are present in high-level visual areas, but precisely how ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Ratan Murty NA,Arun SP

更新日期：2018-04-03 00:00:00

abstract：:Over the past 50 y, behavioral experiments have produced a large body of evidence for the existence of a magnetic sense in a wide range of animals. However, the underlying sensory physiology remains poorly understood due to the elusiveness of the magnetosensory structures. Here we present an effective method for isola...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Eder SH,Cadiou H,Muhamad A,McNaughton PA,Kirschvink JL,Winklhofer M

更新日期：2012-07-24 00:00:00

abstract：:Retroviral Gag polyproteins have specific regions, commonly referred to as late assembly (L) domains, which are required for the efficient separation of assembled virions from the host cell. The L domain of HIV-1 is in the C-terminal p6(gag) domain and contains an essential P(T/S)AP core motif that is widely conserved...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Strack B,Calistri A,Accola MA,Palu G,Gottlinger HG

更新日期：2000-11-21 00:00:00

abstract：:Most higher plants develop severe toxicity symptoms when grown on ammonium (NH(4)(+)) as the sole nitrogen source. Recently, NH(4)(+) toxicity has been implicated as a cause of forest decline and even species extinction. Although mechanisms underlying NH(4)(+) toxicity have been extensively sought, the primary events ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Britto DT,Siddiqi MY,Glass AD,Kronzucker HJ

更新日期：2001-03-27 00:00:00

abstract：:The localization of endothelin 1 mRNA and endothelin-like immunoreactivity was investigated in samples of neurologically normal nervous system tissue from 10 adults by using in situ hybridization and immunocytochemistry. Tissue sections of spinal cord and dorsal root ganglia were hybridized with an 35S-radiolabeled en...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Giaid A,Gibson SJ,Ibrahim BN,Legon S,Bloom SR,Yanagisawa M,Masaki T,Varndell IM,Polak JM

更新日期：1989-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Two additional peptides with inhibin-like activity have been isolated from human seminal plasma. One consists of 52 amino acids and the other, 92 amino acids. They are designated alpha-inhibin-52 and alpha-inhibin-92. Sequence analyses show that the NH2-terminal 31 amino acids of alpha-inhibin-52 are identical to the ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Li CH,Hammonds RG Jr,Ramasharma K,Chung D

更新日期：1985-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:When expressed in Escherichia coli, the human beta 1- and beta 2-adrenergic receptors retain their ligand binding specificity. Their functional integrity was investigated by analyzing receptor-guanine nucleotide-binding regulatory (G) protein coupling by using two splice variants of the alpha subunit of the stimulator...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Freissmuth M,Selzer E,Marullo S,Schütz W,Strosberg AD

更新日期：1991-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Intracellular calcium-binding proteins are abundantly expressed in many neuronal populations. Previous evidence suggests that calcium-binding proteins can modulate various neuronal properties, presumably by their action as calcium buffers. The importance of calcium-binding proteins for nervous system function in an in...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Airaksinen MS,Eilers J,Garaschuk O,Thoenen H,Konnerth A,Meyer M

更新日期：1997-02-18 00:00:00

abstract：:To permit rapid optical control of brain activity, we have engineered multiple lines of transgenic mice that express the light-activated cation channel Channelrhodopsin-2 (ChR2) in subsets of neurons. Illumination of ChR2-positive neurons in brain slices produced photocurrents that generated action potentials within m...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Wang H,Peca J,Matsuzaki M,Matsuzaki K,Noguchi J,Qiu L,Wang D,Zhang F,Boyden E,Deisseroth K,Kasai H,Hall WC,Feng G,Augustine GJ

更新日期：2007-05-08 00:00:00

abstract：:In flowering plants, extensive male-female interactions are required for successful fertilization in which various signaling cascades are involved. Prevacuolar compartments (PVC) and vacuoles are two types of subcellular compartments that terminate signal transduction by sequestrating signaling molecules in yeast and ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Hao L,Liu J,Zhong S,Gu H,Qu LJ

更新日期：2016-05-31 00:00:00

abstract：:Initiation of DNA replication has been observed in vitro with a DNA-membrane complex extracted from Bacillus subtilis. Antibiotics known to interfere with various aspects of initiation inhibited DNA synthesis significantly in vitro, whereas a mutant resistant to one inhibitor failed to respond to its presence. The inh...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Benjamin P,Firshein W

更新日期：1983-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Glioblastoma is the most common primary malignant brain tumor of adults and one of the most lethal of all cancers. Patients with this disease have a median survival of 15 months from the time of diagnosis despite surgery, radiation, and chemotherapy. New treatment approaches are needed. Recent works suggest that gliob...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Horvath S,Zhang B,Carlson M,Lu KV,Zhu S,Felciano RM,Laurance MF,Zhao W,Qi S,Chen Z,Lee Y,Scheck AC,Liau LM,Wu H,Geschwind DH,Febbo PG,Kornblum HI,Cloughesy TF,Nelson SF,Mischel PS

更新日期：2006-11-14 00:00:00

abstract：:It is known from a variety of experimental systems that the ability of tumor cells to grow locally and metastasize can be affected by the presence of adjacent normal tissues and cells, particularly mesenchymally derived stromal cells such as fibroblasts. However, the comparative influence of such normal cell-tumor cel...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Cornil I,Theodorescu D,Man S,Herlyn M,Jambrosic J,Kerbel RS

更新日期：1991-07-15 00:00:00

abstract：:The quaternary structure of delta-aminolevulinic acid dehydratase (5-aminolaevulinate hydrolyase, EC 4.2.1.24) from bovine liver was examined by analytical ultracentrifugation, polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, and electron microscopy. The molecular weights, determined by sedimentation-velocity and sedimentation-equ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Wu WH,Shemin D,Richards KE,Williams RC

更新日期：1974-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Despite early speculation to the contrary, all tropical forests studied to date display seasonal variations in the presence of new leaves, flowers, and fruits. Past studies were focused on the timing of phenological events and their cues but not on the accompanying changes in leaf area that regulate vegetation-atmosph...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Myneni RB,Yang W,Nemani RR,Huete AR,Dickinson RE,Knyazikhin Y,Didan K,Fu R,Negrón Juárez RI,Saatchi SS,Hashimoto H,Ichii K,Shabanov NV,Tan B,Ratana P,Privette JL,Morisette JT,Vermote EF,Roy DP,Wolfe RE,Friedl MA,

更新日期：2007-03-20 00:00:00

abstract：:We have generated RANK (receptor activator of NF-kappaB) nullizygous mice to determine the molecular genetic interactions between osteoprotegerin, osteoprotegerin ligand, and RANK during bone resorption and remodeling processes. RANK(-/-) mice lack osteoclasts and have a profound defect in bone resorption and remodeli...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Li J,Sarosi I,Yan XQ,Morony S,Capparelli C,Tan HL,McCabe S,Elliott R,Scully S,Van G,Kaufman S,Juan SC,Sun Y,Tarpley J,Martin L,Christensen K,McCabe J,Kostenuik P,Hsu H,Fletcher F,Dunstan CR,Lacey DL,Boyle WJ

更新日期：2000-02-15 00:00:00

abstract：:The two major disease-causing biotypes of Vibrio cholerae, classical and El Tor, exhibit differences in their epidemic nature. Their behavior in the laboratory also differs in that El Tor strains produce two major virulence factors, cholera toxin (CT) and the toxin coregulated pilus (TCP), only under very restricted g...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： DiRita VJ,Neely M,Taylor RK,Bruss PM

更新日期：1996-07-23 00:00:00

abstract：:The expression of at least 24 distinct genes of Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1 is under direct control of the "ferric uptake regulator" (Fur). Novel targets of the Fur protein were isolated in a powerful SELEX (systematic evolution of ligands by exponential enrichment)-like cycle selection consisting of in vitro DNA-Fur ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Ochsner UA,Vasil ML

更新日期：1996-04-30 00:00:00

abstract：:The rates of spontaneous mutation to 6-thioguanine resistance were determined in fibroblasts derived from normal and two Bloom syndrome individuals (GM 2548 and GM 1492). Two methods were utilized to determine the rates. Method I obtained the spontaneous mutation rate from the increase in the mutation frequency of a c...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Warren ST,Schultz RA,Chang CC,Wade MH,Trosko JE

更新日期：1981-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Live proliferation-competent and irradiated proliferation-incompetent L5178 murine lymphoma cells (Eb cell line) were compared for their potency to induce systemic anti-tumor immunity in syngeneic DBA/2 mice. The tumorigenic potential in vivo of live Eb cells was suppressed through local secretion of interleukin 4 (IL...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Khazaie K,Prifti S,Beckhove P,Griesbach A,Russell S,Collins M,Schirrmacher V

更新日期：1994-08-02 00:00:00

abstract：:HetR is an essential regulator of heterocyst development in cyanobacteria. Many mutations in HetR render Anabaena incapable of nitrogen fixation. The protein binds to a DNA palindrome upstream of hetP and other genes. We have determined the crystal structures of HetR complexed with palindromic DNA targets, 21, 23, and...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Kim Y,Ye Z,Joachimiak G,Videau P,Young J,Hurd K,Callahan SM,Gornicki P,Zhao J,Haselkorn R,Joachimiak A

更新日期：2013-05-07 00:00:00

abstract：:During Drosophila development, nuclear and cell divisions are coordinated in response to developmental signals. In yeast and mammalian cells, signals that control cell division regulate the activity of cyclin-dependent kinases (Cdks) through proteins such as cyclins that interact with the Cdks. Here we describe two Dr...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Finley RL Jr,Thomas BJ,Zipursky SL,Brent R

更新日期：1996-04-02 00:00:00