Abstract:
:There is a wealth of evidence indicating that mobile genetic elements can spread in natural microbial communities. However, little is known regarding the fraction of the community that actually engages in this behavior. Here we report on a new approach to quantify the fraction of a bacterial community that is able to receive and maintain an exogenous conjugal plasmid termed community permissiveness. Conjugal transfer of a broad-host-range plasmid labeled with a zygotically inducible green fluorescent protein (RP4::gfp) from a donor strain (Pseudomonas putida) to a soil bacterial suspension was examined. The mixture of cells was incubated on membrane filters supported by different solid media. Plasmid transfer was scored by in situ visualization of green fluorescent transconjugant microcolonies, and host range was determined by traditional plating or microcolony isolation by using a micromanipulator. Among the conditions tested, the highest plasmid transfer incidence (approximately 1 transfer per 10(4) soil bacteria) was measured after 48 h of incubation on either a 10% soil extract or a 10-fold diluted R2A medium. Stereomicroscopy combined with image analysis allowed easy examination and enumeration of green fluorescent microcolonies. In all experiments, however, stereomicroscopy consistently underestimated the number of conjugation events (approximately 10-fold) in comparison to confocal laser scanning microscopy. The plasmid host range was broad and included bacteria belonging to the Alphaproteobacteria, Betaproteobacteria, and Gammaproteobacteria classes of proteobacteria. The isolation of transconjugant microcolonies by micromanipulation greatly extended the estimated plasmid host range among soil bacteria. The new approach can be applied to examine the permissiveness of various communities toward receipt of different mobile elements.
journal_name
Appl Environ Microbioljournal_title
Applied and environmental microbiologyauthors
Musovic S,Dechesne A,Sørensen J,Smets BFdoi
10.1128/AEM.02713-09subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2010-07-01 00:00:00pages
4813-8issue
14eissn
0099-2240issn
1098-5336pii
AEM.02713-09journal_volume
76pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Biological dinitrogen fixation in mangrove communities of the Tampa Bay region of South Florida was investigated using the acetylene reduction technique. Low rates of acetylene reduction (0.01 to 1.84 nmol of C(2)H(4)/g [wet weight] per h) were associated with plant-free sediments, while plant-associated sediments gav...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.35.3.567-575.1978
更新日期:1978-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Penicillium expansum isolated from meat and apples produced both patulin and citrinin. Toxin identity was confirmed by spectroscopic and physical methods. The mean lethal dose in chicken embryos was determined for toxins administered both singly and in various ratios. Data from simultaneous administration of mycotoxin...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.33.4.1004-1006.1977
更新日期:1977-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The application of whole cells containing cytochrome P-450BM-3 monooxygenase [EC 1.14.14.1] for the bioconversion of long-chain saturated fatty acids to omega-1, omega-2, and omega-3 hydroxy fatty acids was investigated. We utilized pentadecanoic acid and studied its conversion to a mixture of 12-, 13-, and 14-hydroxy...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.64.10.3784-3790.1998
更新日期:1998-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Mortierella isabellina ATCC 38063 is a zygomycete capable of hydroxylating fish-toxic resin acids which occur in certain pulp mill effluents to nontoxic metabolites. Addition of dehydroabietic acid (1) (80 mg/liter) to a freshly inoculated culture of M. isabellina in dextrose-yeast extract broth resulted in precursor ...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.49.1.96-100.1985
更新日期:1985-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The cyanobacterium Microcystis can produce microcystins, a family of toxins that are of major concern in water management. In several lakes, the average microcystin content per cell gradually declines from high levels at the onset of Microcystis blooms to low levels at the height of the bloom. Such seasonal dynamics m...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.02892-06
更新日期:2007-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::1,2-Dichloroethane (1,2-DCA) and 1,2-dibromoethane (ethylene dibromide [EDB]) contaminate groundwater at many hazardous waste sites. The objectives of this study were to measure yields, maximum specific growth rates (μ), and half-saturation coefficients (K(S)) in enrichment cultures that use 1,2-DCA and EDB as termina...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.02163-12
更新日期:2013-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Butane-oxidizing Arthrobacter (ATCC 27778) bacteria were shown to degrade low concentrations of methyl t-butyl ether (MTBE; range, 100 to 800 microg/liter) with an apparent half-saturation concentration (K(s)) of 2.14 mg/liter and a maximum substrate utilization rate (k(c)) of 0.43 mg/mg of total suspended solids per ...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.67.5.2197-2201.2001
更新日期:2001-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::During microaerophilic growth of magnetic spirillum MS-1 on tartrate and nitrate, a maximal cell density was obtained at an initial oxygen partial pressure of 17 Pa. A transient accumulation of nitrous oxide and a 1:2 (mol/mol) stoichiometry between tartrate oxidation and nitrate reduction were observed, indicating th...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.40.2.429-430.1980
更新日期:1980-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Anaerobic ammonium-oxidizing (anammox) bacteria have been recognized as an important sink for fixed nitrogen and are detected in many natural environments. However, their presence in terrestrial ecosystems has long been overlooked, and their contribution to the nitrogen cycling in natural and agricultural soils is cur...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.02402-10
更新日期:2011-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The mycotoxin secalonic acid D was detected for the first time as a natural contaminant of corn dust obtained from grain storage elevators. Secalonic acid D amounts ranged from 0.3 to 4.5 ppm (0.3 to 4.5 micrograms/g), as determined by reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography. ...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.44.4.1007-1008.1982
更新日期:1982-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Five rumen bacteria, Selenomonas ruminantium, Bacteroides ruminicola, Megasphaera elsdenii, Butyrivibrio fibrisolvens, and Streptococcus bovis were grown in media containing nonlimiting concentrations of glucose, sucrose, maltose, cellobiose, xylose and/or lactate. Each bacterium was grown with every substrate that it...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.37.3.544-549.1979
更新日期:1979-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The colonization of granular activated carbon columns by bacteria can have both beneficial and potentially detrimental consequences. Bacterial growth on the carbon surface can remove adsorbed organics and thus partially regenerate the carbon bed. However, growth can also increase the levels of bacteria in the column e...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.44.2.471-477.1982
更新日期:1982-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of chitosan microparticles on the uterine microbiome of cows with metritis. Dairy cows with metritis (n = 89) were assigned to 1 of 3 treatments: chitosan microparticles (n = 21), in which the cows received an intrauterine infusion of chitosan microparticles at me...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.01066-20
更新日期:2020-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Twenty known penicillic acid (PA)-producing Aspergillus and Penicillium cultures were grown under various conditions in shaken flasks to determine the highest yielding strains and their requirements for maximum toxin production. Abilities of the cultures to utilize eight different carbon sources in Raulin-Thom medium ...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.34.5.553-556.1977
更新日期:1977-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Many pathogenic yeast species are asexual and therefore not involved in intra- or interspecies mating. However, high-frequency transfer of plasmid DNA was observed when pathogenic and food-borne yeasts were grown together. This property could play a crucial role in the spread of virulence and drug resistance factors a...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.00293-06
更新日期:2006-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The genus Bradyrhizobium has been considered to be a taxonomically difficult group. In this study, phylogenetics and evolutionary genetics analyses were used to investigate divergence levels among Bradyrhizobium strains nodulating soybeans in China. Eleven genospecies were identified by sequence analysis of three phyl...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.00044-14
更新日期:2014-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Bacterial growth in biofilms is the major cause of recalcitrant biofouling in industrial processes and of persistent infections in clinical settings. The use of bacteriophage treatment to lyse bacteria in biofilms has attracted growing interest. In particular, many natural or engineered phages produce depolymerases to...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.01434-14
更新日期:2014-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) released by infected individuals or present in human and hospital wastes can potentially cause contamination problems. The presence of HIV-1 was investigated in 16 environmental samples, including raw wastewater, sludge, final effluent, soil, and pond water, collected fr...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.58.12.3984-3990.1992
更新日期:1992-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Chitin is an abundant biopolymer whose degradation is mediated primarily by bacterial chitinases. We developed a degenerate PCR primer set to amplify a approximately 900-bp fragment of family 18, group I chitinase genes and used it to retrieve these gene fragments from environmental samples. Clone libraries of presump...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.70.12.6977-6983.2004
更新日期:2004-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The natural abundance of stable carbon isotopes measured in bacterial nucleic acids extracted from estuarine bacterial concentrates was used to trace sources of organic matter for bacteria in aquatic environments. The stable carbon isotope ratios of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and nucleic acids extracted from cultures rese...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.56.7.2012-2020.1990
更新日期:1990-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The growing mycelia of Trichoderma reesei Rut-C30 are richly endowed with endoplasmic reticula and a variety of pleomorphic subcellular bodies. Mycelia of the culture growing in presence of avicel pH101 was fractionated in sucrose density gradients, and several morphologically and biochemically distinct fractions were...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.50.5.1137-1143.1985
更新日期:1985-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Culture-independent (PCR with Crenarchaeota-specific primers and subsequent denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis) and culture-dependent approaches were used to study the diversity of Crenarchaeota in terrestrial hot springs of the Kamchatka Peninsula and the Lake Baikal region (Russia) and of Iceland. Among the phy...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.00972-08
更新日期:2008-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Livestock-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (LA-MRSA) ST398 isolated from pigs raised in conventional farms was previously reported. Here we report a study on 25 farms adhering to an alternative system. LA-MRSA ST398 was not detected in nasal swabs from 178 pigs or from 89 humans working and livin...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.07260-11
更新日期:2012-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effects of drying time during freeze-drying on the outermost cell surface of an encapsulated strain of Staphylococcus aureus S-7 (Smith, diffuse) were investigated, with special attention paid to capsule and slime production. To quantify capsule and slime production, capsule antigen production and cellular charact...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.54.10.2486-2491.1988
更新日期:1988-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Solid media on a base of B-12 or CB medium with agarose or agarose of low melting temperature were developed for the cultivation of Microcystis species. The media with 0.4% gel showed the highest number of CFU, and increasing the gel concentration resulted in a reduction of the number of CFU. There was no difference i...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.55.10.2569-2571.1989
更新日期:1989-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Chlorhexidine (CHX) is a broad-spectrum antiseptic widely used in community and clinical contexts for many years that has recently acquired higher relevance in nosocomial infection control worldwide. Despite this, CHX tolerance among Enterococcus faecium bacteria, representing one of the leading agents causing nosocom...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.01589-19
更新日期:2019-11-14 00:00:00
abstract::A predictive and feedback proportional control algorithm, developed for fed-batch fermentations and described in a companion paper (G. L. Kleman, J. J. Chalmers, G. W. Luli, and W. R. Strohl, Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 57:910-917, 1991), was used in this work to control a continuous culture on the basis of the soluble-...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.57.4.918-923.1991
更新日期:1991-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Using a chemically defined medium without L-alanine, Lactobacillus johnsonii was demonstrated to be strictly auxotrophic for that amino acid. A comparative genetic analysis showed that all known genes involved in L-alanine biosynthesis are absent from the genome of L. johnsonii. This auxotrophy was complemented by het...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/aem.70.3.1869-1873.2004
更新日期:2004-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Characterization by partial 16S rRNA gene sequencing, ribotyping, and green fluorescent protein-based nisin bioassay revealed that 6 of 20 human milk samples contained nisin-producing Lactococcus lactis bacteria. This suggests that the history of humans consuming nisin is older than the tradition of consuming fermente...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.70.8.5051-5053.2004
更新日期:2004-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The Pseudomonas genus contains a metabolically versatile group of organisms that are known to occupy numerous ecological niches, including the rhizosphere and endosphere of many plants. Their diversity influences the phylogenetic diversity and heterogeneity of these communities. On the basis of average amino acid iden...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.02612-15
更新日期:2015-10-30 00:00:00