Evidence for grid cells in a human memory network.

abstract：:At fertilization, an increase of cytosolic calcium ions (Ca2+) triggers various activation responses in animal eggs. In vertebrates, these responses include exit from metaphase arrest in meiosis II (MII exit) and cortical remodelling initiated by cortical granule exocytosis. Although the essential requirement of Ca2+/...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Nishiyama T,Yoshizaki N,Kishimoto T,Ohsumi K

更新日期：2007-09-20 00:00:00

abstract：:Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) has a dismal prognosis largely owing to inefficient diagnosis and tenacious drug resistance. Activation of pancreatic stellate cells (PSCs) and consequent development of dense stroma are prominent features accounting for this aggressive biology1,2. The reciprocal interplay betwe...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Shi Y,Gao W,Lytle NK,Huang P,Yuan X,Dann AM,Ridinger-Saison M,DelGiorno KE,Antal CE,Liang G,Atkins AR,Erikson G,Sun H,Meisenhelder J,Terenziani E,Woo G,Fang L,Santisakultarm TP,Manor U,Xu R,Becerra CR,Borazanci

更新日期：2019-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:There is still no universally accepted theory of high-temperature superconductivity. Most models assume that doping creates 'holes' in the valence band of an insulating, antiferromagnetic 'parent' compound, and that antiferromagnetism and high-temperature superconductivity are intimately related. If their respective e...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Bozovic I,Logvenov G,Verhoeven MA,Caputo P,Goldobin E,Geballe TH

更新日期：2003-04-24 00:00:00

abstract：:The crystal structure of human H-Ras complexed with the Ras guanine-nucleotide-exchange-factor region of the Son of sevenless (Sos) protein has been determined at 2.8 A resolution. The normally tight interaction of nucleotides with Ras is disrupted by Sos in two ways. First, the insertion into Ras of an alpha-helix fr...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Boriack-Sjodin PA,Margarit SM,Bar-Sagi D,Kuriyan J

更新日期：1998-07-23 00:00:00

abstract：:Water has many kinetic and thermodynamic properties that exhibit an anomalous dependence on temperature, in particular in the supercooled phase. These anomalies have long been interpreted in terms of underlying structural causes, and their experimental characterization points to the existence of a singularity at a tem...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Torre R,Bartolini P,Righini R

更新日期：2004-03-18 00:00:00

abstract：:Cell competition-the sensing and elimination of less fit 'loser' cells by neighbouring 'winner' cells-was first described in Drosophila. Although cell competition has been proposed as a selection mechanism to optimize tissue and organ development, its evolutionary generality remains unclear. Here, by using live imagin...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Ellis SJ,Gomez NC,Levorse J,Mertz AF,Ge Y,Fuchs E

更新日期：2019-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Human epithelia are permanently challenged by bacteria and fungi, including commensal and pathogenic microbiota. In the gut, the fraction of strict anaerobes increases from proximal to distal, reaching 99% of bacterial species in the colon. At colonic mucosa, oxygen partial pressure is below 25% of airborne oxygen con...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Schroeder BO,Wu Z,Nuding S,Groscurth S,Marcinowski M,Beisner J,Buchner J,Schaller M,Stange EF,Wehkamp J

更新日期：2011-01-20 00:00:00

abstract：:How diverse cell fates and complex forms emerge and feed back to each other to sculpt functional organs remains unclear. In the developing heart, the myocardium transitions from a simple epithelium to an intricate tissue that consists of distinct layers: the outer compact and inner trabecular layers. Defects in this p...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Priya R,Allanki S,Gentile A,Mansingh S,Uribe V,Maischein HM,Stainier DYR

更新日期：2020-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:As the fraction of electricity generation from intermittent renewable sources--such as solar or wind--grows, the ability to store large amounts of electrical energy is of increasing importance. Solid-electrode batteries maintain discharge at peak power for far too short a time to fully regulate wind or solar power out...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Huskinson B,Marshak MP,Suh C,Er S,Gerhardt MR,Galvin CJ,Chen X,Aspuru-Guzik A,Gordon RG,Aziz MJ

更新日期：2014-01-09 00:00:00

abstract：:The mineral olivine dominates the composition of the Earth's upper mantle and hence controls its mechanical behaviour and seismic anisotropy. Experiments at high temperature and moderate pressure, and extensive data on naturally deformed mantle rocks, have led to the conclusion that olivine at upper-mantle conditions ...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Mainprice D,Tommasi A,Couvy H,Cordier P,Frost DJ

更新日期：2005-02-17 00:00:00

abstract：: ...

journal_title：Nature

authors：

更新日期：2018-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Speciation in many animal taxa is catalysed by the evolutionary diversification of mating signals. According to classical theories of speciation, mating signals diversify, in part, as an incidental byproduct of adaptation by natural selection to divergent ecologies, although empirical evidence in support of this hypot...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Podos J

更新日期：2001-01-11 00:00:00

abstract：:The classical strength profile of continents is derived from a quasi-static view of their rheological response to stress--one that does not consider dynamic interactions between brittle and ductile layers. Such interactions result in complexities of failure in the brittle-ductile transition and the need to couple ener...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Regenauer-Lieb K,Weinberg RF,Rosenbaum G

更新日期：2006-07-06 00:00:00

abstract：:That animals and humans can accomplish the same goal using different effectors and different goals using the same effectors attests to the remarkable flexibility of the central nervous system. This phenomenon has been termed 'motor equivalence', an example being the writing of a name with a pencil held between the toe...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Kelso JA,Fuchs A,Lancaster R,Holroyd T,Cheyne D,Weinberg H

更新日期：1998-04-23 00:00:00

abstract：:Animal viruses are broadly categorized structurally by the presence or absence of an envelope composed of a lipid-bilayer membrane, attributes that profoundly affect stability, transmission and immune recognition. Among those lacking an envelope, the Picornaviridae are a large and diverse family of positive-strand RNA...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Feng Z,Hensley L,McKnight KL,Hu F,Madden V,Ping L,Jeong SH,Walker C,Lanford RE,Lemon SM

更新日期：2013-04-18 00:00:00

abstract：:G-protein-coupled receptors comprise the largest family of mammalian transmembrane receptors. They mediate numerous cellular pathways by coupling with downstream signalling transducers, including the hetrotrimeric G proteins Gs (stimulatory) and Gi (inhibitory) and several arrestin proteins. The structural mechanisms ...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Kang Y,Kuybeda O,de Waal PW,Mukherjee S,Van Eps N,Dutka P,Zhou XE,Bartesaghi A,Erramilli S,Morizumi T,Gu X,Yin Y,Liu P,Jiang Y,Meng X,Zhao G,Melcher K,Ernst OP,Kossiakoff AA,Subramaniam S,Xu HE

更新日期：2018-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The formation and guidance of specialized endothelial tip cells is essential for both developmental and pathological angiogenesis. Notch-1 signalling regulates the generation of tip cells, which respond to gradients of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF-A). The molecular cues and signalling pathways that control...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Sawamiphak S,Seidel S,Essmann CL,Wilkinson GA,Pitulescu ME,Acker T,Acker-Palmer A

更新日期：2010-05-27 00:00:00

abstract：:Opsin, the ligand-free form of the G-protein-coupled receptor rhodopsin, at low pH adopts a conformationally distinct, active G-protein-binding state known as Ops*. A synthetic peptide derived from the main binding site of the heterotrimeric G protein-the carboxy terminus of the alpha-subunit (GalphaCT)-stabilizes Ops...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Scheerer P,Park JH,Hildebrand PW,Kim YJ,Krauss N,Choe HW,Hofmann KP,Ernst OP

更新日期：2008-09-25 00:00:00

abstract：:Mutational activation of BRAF is the most prevalent genetic alteration in human melanoma, with ≥50% of tumours expressing the BRAF(V600E) oncoprotein. Moreover, the marked tumour regression and improved survival of late-stage BRAF-mutated melanoma patients in response to treatment with vemurafenib demonstrates the ess...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Das Thakur M,Salangsang F,Landman AS,Sellers WR,Pryer NK,Levesque MP,Dummer R,McMahon M,Stuart DD

更新日期：2013-02-14 00:00:00

abstract：:Whereas short-term memory lasts from minutes to hours, long-term memory (LTM) can last for days or even an entire lifetime. LTM generally forms after spaced repeated training sessions and involves the regulation of gene expression, thereby implicating transcription factors in the initial steps of LTM establishment. Ho...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Comas D,Petit F,Preat T

更新日期：2004-07-22 00:00:00

abstract：:It is common knowledge that our feelings of alertness or drowsiness vary throughout the day. Indeed, this diurnal variation is so widely accepted that it has been used to validate the drowsy/alert component of activation obtained from mood adjective checklists. There is, however, some evidence from sleep deprivation a...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Folkard S,Hume KI,Minors DS,Waterhouse JM,Watson FL

更新日期：1985-02-21 00:00:00

abstract：:The macronutrient phosphorus is thought to limit primary productivity in the oceans on geological timescales. Although there has been a sustained effort to reconstruct the dynamics of the phosphorus cycle over the past 3.5 billion years, it remains uncertain whether phosphorus limitation persisted throughout Earth's h...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Reinhard CT,Planavsky NJ,Gill BC,Ozaki K,Robbins LJ,Lyons TW,Fischer WW,Wang C,Cole DB,Konhauser KO

更新日期：2017-01-19 00:00:00

abstract：:Bilingual individuals need effective mechanisms to prevent interference from one language while processing material in the other. Here we show, using event-related brain potentials and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), that words from the non-target language are rejected at an early stage before semantic a...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Rodriguez-Fornells A,Rotte M,Heinze HJ,Nösselt T,Münte TF

更新日期：2002-02-28 00:00:00

abstract：:The Notch genes encode single-pass transmembrane receptors that transduce the extracellular signals responsible for cell fate determination during several steps of metazoan development. The mechanism by which extracellular signals affect gene transcription and ultimately cell fate decisions is beginning to emerge for ...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Huppert SS,Le A,Schroeter EH,Mumm JS,Saxena MT,Milner LA,Kopan R

更新日期：2000-06-22 00:00:00

abstract：:Oocytes arrested in the G2 phase of the cell cycle contain a p34cdc2/cyclin B complex which is kept in an inactive form by phosphorylation of its p34cdc2 subunit on tyrosine, threonine and perhaps serine residues. The phosphatase(s) involved in p34cdc2 dephosphorylation is unknown, but the product of the fission yeast...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Strausfeld U,Labbé JC,Fesquet D,Cavadore JC,Picard A,Sadhu K,Russell P,Dorée M

更新日期：1991-05-16 00:00:00

abstract：:The disease non-insulin-dependent (type 2) diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) is characterized by abnormally high blood glucose resulting from a relative deficiency of insulin. It affects about 2% of the world's population and treatment of diabetes and its complications are an increasing health-care burden. Genetic factors are...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Yamagata K,Oda N,Kaisaki PJ,Menzel S,Furuta H,Vaxillaire M,Southam L,Cox RD,Lathrop GM,Boriraj VV,Chen X,Cox NJ,Oda Y,Yano H,Le Beau MM,Yamada S,Nishigori H,Takeda J,Fajans SS,Hattersley AT,Iwasaki N,Hansen T,

更新日期：1996-12-05 00:00:00

abstract：:Climate models with increased levels of carbon dioxide predict that global warming causes heating in the tropics, but investigations of ancient climates based on palaeodata have generally indicated cool tropical temperatures during supposed greenhouse episodes. For example, in the Late Cretaceous and Eocene epochs the...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Pearson PN,Ditchfield PW,Singano J,Harcourt-Brown KG,Nicholas CJ,Olsson RK,Shackleton NJ,Hall MA

更新日期：2001-10-04 00:00:00

abstract：:The observations that atherosclerosis often occurs in non-smokers without elevated levels of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and that most atherosclerosis loci so far identified in mice do not affect systemic risk factors associated with atherosclerosis, suggest that as-yet-unidentified mechanisms must contribute...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Bernal-Mizrachi C,Gates AC,Weng S,Imamura T,Knutsen RH,DeSantis P,Coleman T,Townsend RR,Muglia LJ,Semenkovich CF

更新日期：2005-05-26 00:00:00

abstract：:Introduction of DNA fragments, hundreds of kilobases in size, into mouse embryonic stem (ES) cells would greatly advance the ability to manipulate the mouse genome. Mice generated from such modified cells would permit investigation of the function and expression of very large or crudely mapped genes. Large DNA molecul...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Jakobovits A,Moore AL,Green LL,Vergara GJ,Maynard-Currie CE,Austin HA,Klapholz S

更新日期：1993-03-18 00:00:00

abstract：:During development, neuronal survival is regulated by the limited availability of neurotrophins, which are proteins of the nerve growth factor (NGF) family. Activation of specific trk tyrosine kinase receptors by the neurotrophins blocks programmed cell death. The trkA-specific ligand NGF has also been shown to activa...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Frade JM,Rodríguez-Tébar A,Barde YA

更新日期：1996-09-12 00:00:00