Crystal structure of opsin in its G-protein-interacting conformation.

abstract：:Double-stranded RNAs (dsRNAs) induce post-transcriptional gene silencing in several species of animal and plant. In plants, dsRNAs targeted to CpG islands within a promoter can also induce RNA-directed DNA methylation; however, it remains unclear whether gene silencing mediated by DNA methylation can be induced by dsR...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Kawasaki H,Taira K

更新日期：2004-09-09 00:00:00

abstract：:Although a few cancer genes are mutated in a high proportion of tumours of a given type (>20%), most are mutated at intermediate frequencies (2-20%). To explore the feasibility of creating a comprehensive catalogue of cancer genes, we analysed somatic point mutations in exome sequences from 4,742 human cancers and the...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Lawrence MS,Stojanov P,Mermel CH,Robinson JT,Garraway LA,Golub TR,Meyerson M,Gabriel SB,Lander ES,Getz G

更新日期：2014-01-23 00:00:00

abstract：:Highly efficient neutron detectors are critical in many sectors, including national security1,2, medicine3, crystallography4 and astronomy5. The main neutron detection technologies currently used involve 3He-gas-filled proportional counters6 and light scintillators7 for thermalized neutrons. Semiconductors could provi...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Chica DG,He Y,McCall KM,Chung DY,Pak RO,Trimarchi G,Liu Z,De Lurgio PM,Wessels BW,Kanatzidis MG

更新日期：2020-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In a very short time the scanning tunnelling microscope has become an important tool in surface science, and physics in general. Its primary use has been to obtain atomic-resolution images of surfaces, but recently, efforts have been made to use it to manipulate materials as well as image them. One may now reasonably ...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Foster JS,Frommer JE,Arnett PC

更新日期：1988-01-28 00:00:00

abstract：:Excavations at the early Neolithic site of Jiahu in Henan Province, China have produced what may be the earliest complete, playable, tightly-dated multinote musical instruments. Jiahu was occupied from 7000 BC to 5700 BC, considerably antedating the well known Peiligang culture. Here we describe six exquisitely made c...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Zhang J,Harbottle G,Wang C,Kong Z

更新日期：1999-09-23 00:00:00

abstract：:Regulated fusion of secretory granules with the plasma membrane in secretory cells requires ATP, Ca2+ and cytosolic as well as membrane proteins. ATP-dependent steps in Ca(2+)-activated secretion from PC12 cells require three cytosolic PEP proteins (priming in exocytosis proteins, PEP1-3), the identity of which will p...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Hay JC,Fisette PL,Jenkins GH,Fukami K,Takenawa T,Anderson RA,Martin TF

更新日期：1995-03-09 00:00:00

abstract：:Refractoriness to induction chemotherapy and relapse after achievement of remission are the main obstacles to cure in acute myeloid leukaemia (AML). After standard induction chemotherapy, patients are assigned to different post-remission strategies on the basis of cytogenetic and molecular abnormalities that broadly d...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Ng SW,Mitchell A,Kennedy JA,Chen WC,McLeod J,Ibrahimova N,Arruda A,Popescu A,Gupta V,Schimmer AD,Schuh AC,Yee KW,Bullinger L,Herold T,Görlich D,Büchner T,Hiddemann W,Berdel WE,Wörmann B,Cheok M,Preudhomme C,Domb

更新日期：2016-12-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is a debilitating autoimmune disease that results from T-cell-mediated destruction of insulin-producing beta-cells. Its incidence has increased during the past several decades in developed countries, suggesting that changes in the environment (including the human microbial environment) may influe...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Wen L,Ley RE,Volchkov PY,Stranges PB,Avanesyan L,Stonebraker AC,Hu C,Wong FS,Szot GL,Bluestone JA,Gordon JI,Chervonsky AV

更新日期：2008-10-23 00:00:00

abstract：:The theory of quantum electrodynamics (QED) predicts that beta decay of the neutron into a proton, electron and antineutrino should be accompanied by a continuous spectrum of soft photons. While this inner bremsstrahlung branch has been previously measured in nuclear beta and electron capture decay, it has never been ...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Nico JS,Dewey MS,Gentile TR,Mumm HP,Thompson AK,Fisher BM,Kremsky I,Wietfeldt FE,Chupp TE,Cooper RL,Beise EJ,Kiriluk KG,Byrne J,Coakley KJ

更新日期：2006-12-21 00:00:00

abstract：:The cyclin-dependent kinases 4 and 6 (Cdk4/6) that control the G1 phase of the cell cycle and their inhibitor, the p16INK4a tumour suppressor, have a central role in cell proliferation and in tumorigenesis. The structures of Cdk6 bound to p16INK4a and to the related p19INK4d reveal that the INK4 inhibitors bind next t...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Russo AA,Tong L,Lee JO,Jeffrey PD,Pavletich NP

更新日期：1998-09-17 00:00:00

abstract：:Elucidation of the nature of the gene interactions that underly the sterility of interspecific hybrids is important in evolutionary biology. The interactions between the heterospecific X and Y (or Z and W) chromosomes are often used as an explanation for two reasons. First, the fertility of the hybrids of the heteroga...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Johnson NA,Perez DE,Cabot EL,Hollocher H,Wu CI

更新日期：1992-08-27 00:00:00

abstract：:The molecular and cellular basis of T-lymphocyte activation remains a central question in immunology. The growth of already proliferating T cells is known to depend on T-cell growth factor (TCGF), a physiological mitogen. Noncycling T lymphocytes, however, are not sensitive to TCGF. They require a short contact with m...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Larsson EL,Iscove NN,Coutinho A

更新日期：1980-02-14 00:00:00

abstract：:The polypeptide chains that make up proteins have thousands of atoms and hence millions of possible inter-atomic interactions. It might be supposed that the resulting complexity would make prediction of protein structure and protein-folding mechanisms nearly impossible. But the fundamental physics underlying folding m...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Baker D

更新日期：2000-05-04 00:00:00

abstract：:About one-third of the carbon dioxide (CO(2)) released into the atmosphere as a result of human activity has been absorbed by the oceans, where it partitions into the constituent ions of carbonic acid. This leads to ocean acidification, one of the major threats to marine ecosystems and particularly to calcifying organ...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Beaufort L,Probert I,de Garidel-Thoron T,Bendif EM,Ruiz-Pino D,Metzl N,Goyet C,Buchet N,Coupel P,Grelaud M,Rost B,Rickaby RE,de Vargas C

更新日期：2011-08-03 00:00:00

abstract：:Haematopoiesis is a developmental cascade that generates all blood cell lineages in health and disease. This process relies on quiescent haematopoietic stem cells capable of differentiating, self renewing and expanding upon physiological demand. However, the mechanisms that regulate haematopoietic stem cell homeostasi...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Fonseca-Pereira D,Arroz-Madeira S,Rodrigues-Campos M,Barbosa IA,Domingues RG,Bento T,Almeida AR,Ribeiro H,Potocnik AJ,Enomoto H,Veiga-Fernandes H

更新日期：2014-10-02 00:00:00

abstract：:Asteroids are primitive Solar System bodies that evolve both collisionally and through disruptions arising from rapid rotation. These processes can lead to the formation of binary asteroids and to the release of dust, both directly and, in some cases, through uncovering frozen volatiles. In a subset of the asteroids c...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Agarwal J,Jewitt D,Mutchler M,Weaver H,Larson S

更新日期：2017-09-20 00:00:00

abstract：:Polycomb group proteins have an essential role in the epigenetic maintenance of repressive chromatin states. The gene-silencing activity of the Polycomb repressive complex 2 (PRC2) depends on its ability to trimethylate lysine 27 of histone H3 (H3K27) by the catalytic SET domain of the EZH2 subunit, and at least two o...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Margueron R,Justin N,Ohno K,Sharpe ML,Son J,Drury WJ 3rd,Voigt P,Martin SR,Taylor WR,De Marco V,Pirrotta V,Reinberg D,Gamblin SJ

更新日期：2009-10-08 00:00:00

abstract：:An increase in free calcium triggers catecholamine secretion from chromaffin cells and calmodulin is strongly implicated as the intracellular Ca2+ receptor. In our recent studies of calmodulin action in the chromaffin cell, micromolar Ca2+ concentrations resulted in calmodulin and cytosolic proteins becoming bound to ...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Geisow MJ,Burgoyne RD

更新日期：1983-02-03 00:00:00

abstract：:Fungi are the principal degraders of biomass in terrestrial ecosystems and establish important interactions with plants and animals. However, our current understanding of fungal evolutionary diversity is incomplete and is based upon species amenable to growth in culture. These culturable fungi are typically yeast or f...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Jones MD,Forn I,Gadelha C,Egan MJ,Bass D,Massana R,Richards TA

更新日期：2011-05-11 00:00:00

abstract：:Cell and lipid membranes are able to bend, as manifested during membrane fusion and the formation of non-lamellar lyotropic mesophases in water. But there is an energy cost to bending of lipid layers, called the curvature elastic energy. Although the functional form of this energy is known, a complete quantitative kno...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Chung H,Caffrey M

更新日期：1994-03-17 00:00:00

abstract：:Potent marine neurotoxins known as brevetoxins are produced by the 'red tide' dinoflagellate Karenia brevis. They kill large numbers of fish and cause illness in humans who ingest toxic filter-feeding shellfish or inhale toxic aerosols. The toxins are also suspected of having been involved in events in which many mana...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Flewelling LJ,Naar JP,Abbott JP,Baden DG,Barros NB,Bossart GD,Bottein MY,Hammond DG,Haubold EM,Heil CA,Henry MS,Jacocks HM,Leighfield TA,Pierce RH,Pitchford TD,Rommel SA,Scott PS,Steidinger KA,Truby EW,Van Dolah FM

更新日期：2005-06-09 00:00:00

abstract：:Spin dynamics in antiferromagnets has much shorter timescales than in ferromagnets, offering attractive properties for potential applications in ultrafast devices1-3. However, spin-current generation via antiferromagnetic resonance and simultaneous electrical detection by the inverse spin Hall effect in heavy metals h...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Li J,Wilson CB,Cheng R,Lohmann M,Kavand M,Yuan W,Aldosary M,Agladze N,Wei P,Sherwin MS,Shi J

更新日期：2020-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Shear stress is a fundamental determinant of vascular homeostasis, regulating vascular remodelling, cardiac development and atherogenesis, but the mechanisms of transduction are poorly understood. Previous work showed that the conversion of integrins to a high-affinity state mediates a subset of shear responses, inclu...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Tzima E,Irani-Tehrani M,Kiosses WB,Dejana E,Schultz DA,Engelhardt B,Cao G,DeLisser H,Schwartz MA

更新日期：2005-09-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Bananas (Musa spp.), including dessert and cooking types, are giant perennial monocotyledonous herbs of the order Zingiberales, a sister group to the well-studied Poales, which include cereals. Bananas are vital for food security in many tropical and subtropical countries and the most popular fruit in industrialized c...

journal_title：Nature

authors： D'Hont A,Denoeud F,Aury JM,Baurens FC,Carreel F,Garsmeur O,Noel B,Bocs S,Droc G,Rouard M,Da Silva C,Jabbari K,Cardi C,Poulain J,Souquet M,Labadie K,Jourda C,Lengellé J,Rodier-Goud M,Alberti A,Bernard M,Correa M

更新日期：2012-08-09 00:00:00

abstract：:Planetary formation theories suggest that the giant planets formed on circular and coplanar orbits. The eccentricities of Jupiter, Saturn and Uranus, however, reach values of 6 per cent, 9 per cent and 8 per cent, respectively. In addition, the inclinations of the orbital planes of Saturn, Uranus and Neptune take maxi...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Tsiganis K,Gomes R,Morbidelli A,Levison HF

更新日期：2005-05-26 00:00:00

abstract：:Transcriptional activator proteins (activators) function, at least in part, by increasing preinitiation complex assembly (for reviews see refs 1-4). Previous studies have shown that an acidic activator forms a contact with the general transcription factor TFIIB (refs 5-7) and recruits it into the preinitiation complex...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Roberts SG,Green MR

更新日期：1994-10-20 00:00:00

abstract：:The application of a sufficiently strong magnetic field to a superconductor will, in general, destroy the superconducting state. Two mechanisms are responsible for this. The first is the Zeeman effect, which breaks apart the paired electrons if they are in a spin-singlet (but not a spin-triplet) state. The second is t...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Uji S,Shinagawa H,Terashima T,Yakabe T,Terai Y,Tokumoto M,Kobayashi A,Tanaka H,Kobayashi H

更新日期：2001-04-19 00:00:00

abstract：:Lymphocyte function-associated antigen-1 (LFA-1) is a heterodimer composed of an alpha and beta chain that is expressed on the surface of most leukocytes and is an essential molecule for adhesion reactions between cells participating in the immune response. A putative ligand for LFA-1 is the intercellular adhesion mol...

journal_title：Nature

authors： van Noesel C,Miedema F,Brouwer M,de Rie MA,Aarden LA,van Lier RA

更新日期：1988-06-30 00:00:00

abstract：:The role of adaptive immunity in early cancer development is controversial. Here we show that chronic inflammation and fibrosis in humans and mice with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease is accompanied by accumulation of liver-resident immunoglobulin-A-producing (IgA+) cells. These cells also express programmed death l...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Shalapour S,Lin XJ,Bastian IN,Brain J,Burt AD,Aksenov AA,Vrbanac AF,Li W,Perkins A,Matsutani T,Zhong Z,Dhar D,Navas-Molina JA,Xu J,Loomba R,Downes M,Yu RT,Evans RM,Dorrestein PC,Knight R,Benner C,Anstee QM,Kar

更新日期：2017-11-16 00:00:00

abstract：:A large number of high-accuracy vector measurements of the Earth's magnetic field have recently become available from the satellite Oersted, complementing previous vector data from the satellite Magsat, which operated in 1979/80. These data can be used to infer the morphology of the magnetic field at the surface of th...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Jackson A

更新日期：2003-08-14 00:00:00