Sparsification of neuronal activity in the visual cortex at eye-opening.

abstract：:The SKW-3 cell line, which was established from the malignant cells of a patient with T-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia, is characterized by a translocation involving chromosome 8 (band q24) and chromosome 14 (band q11) [t(8;14)(q24;q11)]. To determine the position of the gene encoding the alpha chain of the T-cell ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Shima EA,Le Beau MM,McKeithan TW,Minowada J,Showe LC,Mak TW,Minden MD,Rowley JD,Diaz MO

更新日期：1986-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:von Willebrand factor (vWF) is a multimeric glycoprotein that mediates the adhesion of platelets to the subendothelium by binding to platelet glycoprotein Ib. For human vWF, this interaction can be induced in vitro by the antibiotic ristocetin or the snake venom protein botrocetin. A missense mutation, Gly-561-->Ser, ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Rabinowitz I,Tuley EA,Mancuso DJ,Randi AM,Firkin BG,Howard MA,Sadler JE

更新日期：1992-10-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Steep topography, a tropical climate, and mafic lithologies contribute to efficient chemical weathering and carbon sequestration in the Southeast Asian islands. Ongoing arc-continent collision between the Sunda-Banda arc system and Australia has increased the area of subaerially exposed land in the region since the mi...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Park Y,Maffre P,Goddéris Y,Macdonald FA,Anttila ESC,Swanson-Hysell NL

更新日期：2020-10-13 00:00:00

abstract：:It has been hypothesized that penicillin acts as a structural analog of the acyl-D-alanyl-D-alanine terminus of nascent bacterial cell wall and that it consequently binds to and acylates the active site of the enzyme(s) that crosslinks the cell wall to form an inactive penicilloyl enzyme [Tipper, D.J. & Strominger, J....

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Yocum RR,Waxman DJ,Rasmussen JR,Strominger JL

更新日期：1979-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The DNA damage response is an essential process for the survival of living cells. In a subset of stress-responsive genes in humans, Elongin controls transcription in response to multiple stimuli, such as DNA damage, oxidative stress, and heat shock. Yeast Elongin (Ela1-Elc1), along with Def1, is known to facilitate ub...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Damodaren N,Van Eeuwen T,Zamel J,Lin-Shiao E,Kalisman N,Murakami K

更新日期：2017-12-12 00:00:00

abstract：:B-lymphocyte-specific class switch recombination is known to occur between pairs of 2- to 10-kb switch regions located immediately upstream of the immunoglobulin constant heavy-chain genes. Others have shown that the recombination is temporally correlated with the induction of transcription at the targeted switch regi...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Daniels GA,Lieber MR

更新日期：1995-06-06 00:00:00

abstract：:Epithelia are planar tissues that undergo major morphogenetic movements during development. These movements must work in the context of the mechanical properties of epithelia. Surprisingly little is known about these mechanical properties at the time and length scales of morphogenetic processes. We show that at a time...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Luu O,David R,Ninomiya H,Winklbauer R

更新日期：2011-03-08 00:00:00

abstract：:Karrikins are a class of seed germination stimulants identified in smoke from wildfires. Microarray analysis of imbibed Arabidopsis thaliana seeds was performed to identify transcriptional responses to KAR(1) before germination. A small set of genes that are regulated by KAR(1), even when germination is prevented by t...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Nelson DC,Flematti GR,Riseborough JA,Ghisalberti EL,Dixon KW,Smith SM

更新日期：2010-04-13 00:00:00

abstract：:Organ graft rejection is a T-cell-dependent process. The activation of alloreactive T cells requires stimulation of the T-cell receptor/CD3 complex by foreign major histocompatibility complex (MHC)-encoded gene products. However, accumulating evidence suggests that, in addition to T-cell receptor occupancy, other cost...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Turka LA,Linsley PS,Lin H,Brady W,Leiden JM,Wei RQ,Gibson ML,Zheng XG,Myrdal S,Gordon D

更新日期：1992-11-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Society makes substantial investments in biomedical research, searching for ways to better human health. The product of this research is principally information published in scientific journals. Continued investment in science relies on society's confidence in the accuracy, honesty, and utility of research results. A ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Bowen A,Casadevall A

更新日期：2015-09-08 00:00:00

abstract：:As a second-order nonlinear optical process, sum-frequency generation is highly surface-specific and accordingly has been developed into a very powerful and versatile surface spectroscopic tool. It has found many unique applications in different disciplines and thus provided many exciting new research opportunities in...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Shen YR

更新日期：1996-10-29 00:00:00

abstract：:During the late Pleistocene, early anatomically modern humans coexisted in Europe with the anatomically archaic Neandertals for some thousand years. Under the recent variants of the multiregional model of human evolution, modern and archaic forms were different but related populations within a single evolving species,...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Caramelli D,Lalueza-Fox C,Vernesi C,Lari M,Casoli A,Mallegni F,Chiarelli B,Dupanloup I,Bertranpetit J,Barbujani G,Bertorelle G

更新日期：2003-05-27 00:00:00

abstract：:We consider many-body problems in classical mechanics where a wide range of time scales limits what can be computed. We apply the method of optimal prediction to obtain equations that are easier to solve numerically. We demonstrate by examples that optimal prediction can reduce the amount of computation needed to obta...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Kast AP

更新日期：2000-06-06 00:00:00

abstract：:Studies of natural killer (NK) cell function in vivo have been challenging primarily due to the lack of animal models in which NK cells are genetically and selectively deficient. Here, we describe a transgenic mouse with defective natural killing and selective deficiency in NK1.1(+) CD3(-) cells. Despite functionally ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Kim S,Iizuka K,Aguila HL,Weissman IL,Yokoyama WM

更新日期：2000-03-14 00:00:00

abstract：:Prion diseases are characterized by an accumulation of PrP(Sc), a misfolded isoform of the normal cellular prion protein, PrP(C). We previously reported the bioactivity of acridine-based compounds against PrP(Sc) replication in scrapie-infected neuroblastoma cells and now report the improved potency of bis-acridine co...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： May BC,Fafarman AT,Hong SB,Rogers M,Deady LW,Prusiner SB,Cohen FE

更新日期：2003-03-18 00:00:00

abstract：:Tumor hypoxia and the hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs) play a central role in the development of cancer. To study the relationship between tumor growth, tumor hypoxia, the stabilization of HIF-1alpha, and HIF transcriptional activity, we have established an in vivo imaging tool that allows longitudinal and noninvasive...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Lehmann S,Stiehl DP,Honer M,Dominietto M,Keist R,Kotevic I,Wollenick K,Ametamey S,Wenger RH,Rudin M

更新日期：2009-08-18 00:00:00

abstract：:Restenosis, a process characterized in part by excessive smooth muscle cell (SMC) proliferation in areas of vascular injury, occurs in up to 50% of patients undergoing balloon angioplasty. In an effort to develop a treatment strategy for restenosis, we constructed a replication-deficient recombinant adenovirus (AdMLP....

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Guzman RJ,Hirschowitz EA,Brody SL,Crystal RG,Epstein SE,Finkel T

更新日期：1994-10-25 00:00:00

abstract：:We have isolated a gene from Escherichia coli homologous to the gene encoding the Mr 83,000 Drosophila heat shock protein (hsp83). In E. coli the protein homologous to hsp83 is a heat shock protein called C62.5. The predicted amino acid sequence of C62.5 is 41% and 42% identical to the Drosophila and human hsp83 prote...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Bardwell JC,Craig EA

更新日期：1987-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Diffuse celestial sources of relatively low surface brightness such as the Milky Way, zodiacal light, and gegenschein (or contre lumière) can be studied most reliably from above the earth's atmosphere with equipment flown in artificial satellites. We review the techniques used and some of the difficulties encountered ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Roach FE,Carroll B,Aller LH,Smith L

更新日期：1972-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The Ten-Eleven-Translocation 2 (TET2) gene encodes a member of TET family enzymes that alters the epigenetic status of DNA by oxidizing 5-methylcytosine to 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC). Somatic loss-of-function mutations of TET2 are frequently observed in patients with diverse myeloid malignancies, including myelody...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Ko M,Bandukwala HS,An J,Lamperti ED,Thompson EC,Hastie R,Tsangaratou A,Rajewsky K,Koralov SB,Rao A

更新日期：2011-08-30 00:00:00

abstract：:Most, but not all, aged rats exhibit a profound deficit in spatial memory when tested in a radial maze--a task known to depend on the integrity of the hippocampal formation. In this study, animals were divided into three groups based on their spatial memory capacity: young adult rats with good memory, aged rats with i...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Geinisman Y,de Toledo-Morrell L,Morrell F

更新日期：1986-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Proteins can bind target molecules through either induced fit or conformational selection pathways. In the conformational selection model, a protein samples a scarcely populated high-energy state that resembles a target-bound conformation. In enzymatic catalysis, such high-energy states have been identified as crucial...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Kovermann M,Grundström C,Sauer-Eriksson AE,Sauer UH,Wolf-Watz M

更新日期：2017-06-13 00:00:00

abstract：:Unconscious neural activity has been repeatedly shown to precede and potentially even influence subsequent free decisions. However, to date, such findings have been mostly restricted to simple motor choices, and despite considerable debate, there is no evidence that the outcome of more complex free decisions can be pr...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Soon CS,He AH,Bode S,Haynes JD

更新日期：2013-04-09 00:00:00

abstract：:The annual migration of ∼1.2 million wildebeest (Connochaetes taurinus) through the Serengeti Mara Ecosystem is the largest remaining overland migration in the world. One of the most iconic portions of their migration is crossing of the Mara River, during which thousands drown annually. These mass drownings have been ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Subalusky AL,Dutton CL,Rosi EJ,Post DM

更新日期：2017-07-18 00:00:00

abstract：:Silencing of multiple cancer-related genes is associated with de novo methylation of linked CpG islands. Additionally, bivalent histone modification profiles characterized by the juxtaposition of active and inactive histone marks have been observed in genes that become hypermethylated in cancer. It is unknown how thes...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Rodriguez J,Muñoz M,Vives L,Frangou CG,Groudine M,Peinado MA

更新日期：2008-12-16 00:00:00

abstract：:A single, modified nucleoside in Escherichia coli tRNA, 6-(3-methyl-2-butenylamino)-2-methyl-thio-9-beta-D-ribofuranosylpurine, has been desulfurized with Raney nickel to afford its probable biosynthetic precursor. The limitations of the reaction at the nucleoside and tRNA levels and its lack of inhibition of the amin...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Hecht SM,Kirkegaard LH,Bock RM

更新日期：1971-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Memory is stored in neural networks via changes in synaptic strength mediated in part by NMDA receptor (NMDAR)-dependent long-term potentiation (LTP). Here we show that a cholecystokinin (CCK)-B receptor (CCKBR) antagonist blocks high-frequency stimulation-induced neocortical LTP, whereas local infusion of CCK induces...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Chen X,Li X,Wong YT,Zheng X,Wang H,Peng Y,Feng H,Feng J,Baibado JT,Jesky R,Wang Z,Xie H,Sun W,Zhang Z,Zhang X,He L,Zhang N,Zhang Z,Tang P,Su J,Hu LL,Liu Q,He X,Tan A,Sun X,Li M,Wong K,Wang X,Cheung

更新日期：2019-03-26 00:00:00

abstract：:In choanoflagellates, the closest living relatives of animals, multicellular rosette development is regulated by environmental bacteria. The simplicity of this evolutionarily relevant interaction provides an opportunity to identify the molecules and regulatory logic underpinning bacterial regulation of development. We...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Woznica A,Cantley AM,Beemelmanns C,Freinkman E,Clardy J,King N

更新日期：2016-07-12 00:00:00

abstract：:Thiopurine S-methyltransferase (TPMT) catalyzes the S-methylation of thiopurine drugs. TPMT genetic polymorphisms represent a striking example of the potential clinical value of pharmacogenetics. Subjects homozygous for TPMT*3A, the most common variant allele for low activity, an allele that encodes a protein with two...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Wang L,Nguyen TV,McLaughlin RW,Sikkink LA,Ramirez-Alvarado M,Weinshilboum RM

更新日期：2005-06-28 00:00:00

abstract：:The elucidation of the mechanisms of antigen presentation by major histocompatibility complex class I molecules has stimulated the search for nonreplicative vectors that could deliver CD8+ T cell epitopes to the cytosol of antigen-presenting cells to trigger the activation of specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) in...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Saron MF,Fayolle C,Sebo P,Ladant D,Ullmann A,Leclerc C

更新日期：1997-04-01 00:00:00