Abstract:
:Previous attempts to classify South American Indian tribes according to genetic characteristics have failed to yield a hierarchical system of relationships. This can be explained by the facts that (1) tribal populations did not evolve through sequential fissions but through frequent fusions of groups with diverse histories and (2) allele frequencies have been held at nearly common values by intertribal migration or balancing selection. A valid model must allow for fusion and mixed populations as well as for fission; factor analysis or newer methods of fuzzy mathematics permit this. The effects of migration and balancing can be made more manageable by partitioning them according to the limited time periods recorded by haplotypes. An initial attempt using factor analysis and HLA haplotype data on 19 rain forest tribes revealed two overlapping clusters that are largely but not neatly separated by the lower Amazon River. Several tribes, especially in the west, were excluded from these clusters.
journal_name
Hum Bioljournal_title
Human biologyauthors
Black FLsubject
Has Abstractpub_date
1991-12-01 00:00:00pages
763-74issue
6eissn
0018-7143issn
1534-6617journal_volume
63pub_type
杂志文章,评审相关文献
HUMAN BIOLOGY文献大全abstract::The DNA profiles of two unrelated individuals can match (complete similarity) by chance alone. When the two individuals are related, the probability of a coincidental match is higher. Here, I deal with the probabilities of coincidental matches for both related and unrelated individuals. The derivation starts from firs...
journal_title:Human biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1996-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::I describe the developmental, metric, morphologic, and pathologic features of deciduous dentition in a terminal Late Archaic (c. 3000 B.P.) Native American population in Ohio. Development of deciduous dentition in this Late Archaic population is stable with little sequence variation. The pattern of development (ldc, l...
journal_title:Human biology
pub_type: 历史文章,杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1990-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::We analyze the possible effect of gene flow on the genetic structure of present-day Mexicans. For this purpose we reviewed previous admixture estimates for various Indian and Mestizo groups. Several facts seem clear: (1) There are no pure Indian groups in Mexico, because all Indian groups show variable degrees of admi...
journal_title:Human biology
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:
更新日期:1996-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Seventy individuals from two African and four black Brazilian populations were studied for the first hypervariable segment of mtDNA. To delineate a more complete phylogeographic scenario of the African mtDNA haplogroups in Brazil and to provide additional information on the nature of the Atlantic slave trade, we analy...
journal_title:Human biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1353/hub.2006.0028
更新日期:2006-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The knowledge of a population structure may constitute a powerful tool for mapping genes underlying susceptibility to Mendelian and complex diseases. To obtain a better understanding of the population structure of São Miguel Island (Azorean Archipelago, Portugal), we carried out a surname survey using the surnames lis...
journal_title:Human biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1353/hub.2004.0002
更新日期:2003-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Genetic diversity among ethnic groups is studied by comparing the genetic fingerprint of the examined groups. This index is constructed by aggregating the differential frequencies of various marker characteristics. Recent advances in the study of human biological rhythms may provide new indexes that will complement th...
journal_title:Human biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1995-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Preston's two-census method of demographic estimation is applied to three pairs of reconstructed censuses from the records of a migrating Mennonite church congregation covering the period 1780-1890. The three pairs of censuses correspond to three periods (1780-1790, 1850-1860, and 1880-1890) and to stays in three sett...
journal_title:Human biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1995-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Isoelectric focusing was used to investigate the genetic variants of the human plasma orosomucoid ORM1 and ORM2 gene loci in samples of Egyptians, Sudanese, and Qataris. The study populations were classified into 28 ORM phenotypes determined by 10 ORM1 and 9 ORM2 alleles that included 2 new alleles, designated ORM1*B1...
journal_title:Human biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1997-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::In one of the truly classic works in anthropological genetics, Frank Livingstone established the interrelationships between agriculture, mosquito ecology, malaria, and, consequently, the frequencies of sickle cell hemoglobin in West Africa. A major inference from Livingstone's study was the recency of malaria as a sel...
journal_title:Human biology
pub_type: 历史文章,杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1353/hub.2003.0053
更新日期:2003-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::In this paper I propose that evolutionary demography and associated theory from human behavioral ecology provide a strong basis for explaining the available evidence for the patterns observed in the first agricultural settlement of Europe in the 7th-5th millennium cal. BC, linking together a variety of what have previ...
journal_title:Human biology
pub_type: 历史文章,杂志文章
doi:10.3378/027.081.0312
更新日期:2009-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Low fertility among nomadic !Kung foragers of the northern Kalahari Desert of Botswana has been hypothesized to be an adaptation to scarcity of food. However, a comparison of !Kung fertility before and after a transition to a more sedentary lifestyle indicates that more food did not increase fertility. An examination ...
journal_title:Human biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1992-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::We summarize the results of a field and laboratory research program (1999-2006) in the Aleutian Islands on the origins of the inhabitants of the archipelago and the genetic structure of these populations. The Aleuts show closest genetic affinity to the contemporary Siberian Eskimos and Chukchi of Chukotka and differ s...
journal_title:Human biology
pub_type: 历史文章,杂志文章
doi:10.3378/027.082.0511
更新日期:2010-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The Muslim population of India is known for its historical and socioreligious significance. Literature on the genetic structure of this segment of India's population is scanty. Therefore we have investigated the allele frequency distribution of haptoglobin (HP) and transferrin (TF) phenotypes among the Muslims to expl...
journal_title:Human biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3378/1534-6617-80.5.501
更新日期:2008-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The two polymorphic alleles of esterase D (ESD), ESD*5 and ESD*7, are specific to Europeans and Asians, respectively. In this study the molecular basis was characterized: ESD*5, arising from ESD*1, has a G to A transition, resulting in Gly257(GGT) --> Asp(GAT); and ESD*7, originating from ESD*2, has an A to G transiti...
journal_title:Human biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1353/hub.2004.0051
更新日期:2004-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::We studied 3925 individuals in 961 families to determine the mode of inheritance of overweight. As an index of overweight, we examined body mass index. Our analyses indicate that the most likely genetic model for susceptibility to overweight included moderate polygenic inheritance (34% of variance resulting from many ...
journal_title:Human biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1990-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Several studies have shown evidence of an association between the *4 allele of apolipoprotein E (APOE) and coronary heart disease (CHD) in different populations. We determined the APOE genotype and total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDLC) values in 189 patients with a...
journal_title:Human biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1353/hub.2005.0036
更新日期:2005-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Three apolipoprotein B restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLPs) (XbaI, MspI, and EcoRI) and the signal peptide insertion-deletion polymorphism were investigated using the polymerase chain reaction in 140 individuals from 5 Brazilian Indian tribes. All studied markers were polymorphic in this ethnic group. The ...
journal_title:Human biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1999-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Controversies resulting from genetic testing on skeletal remains of disputed stewardship raise important questions about obligations inherent on genetic researchers to assure ethical chain of custody. In this article, we analyze and evaluate several proposed positions on whether such research should be published. Foll...
journal_title:Human biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.13110/humanbiology.91.1.01
更新日期:2019-02-17 00:00:00
abstract::The surname analysis of over 40,000 Wisconsin cancer mortalities for the period 1979 through 1985 partially reveals the relative genetic component of various major cancers. The surname frequencies and frequency distributions indicate that both tumor-promoting and tumor-suppressing genes may be involved. A number of ca...
journal_title:Human biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1989-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Birth weight is the single most significant determinant of infant mortality and the chances of a newborn to experience healthy development. Low birth weight also appears to be related to higher risks of several important chronic conditions, such as ischemic heart disease, non-insulin-dependent diabetes, and cancer in ...
journal_title:Human biology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3378/027.081.0405
更新日期:2009-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The major histocompatibility complex is directly involved in the immune response, and thus the genes coding for its proteins are useful markers for the study of genetic diversity, susceptibility to disease (autoimmunity and infections), transplant medicine, and pharmacogenetics, among others. The polymorphism of the s...
journal_title:Human biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.13110/humanbiology.89.3.02
更新日期:2017-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::We have analyzed single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the XPC, XPA, and XPG genes of the nucleotide excision repair (NER) pathway in the Indian population. In the XPC gene we observed nine polymorphisms in the coding region, four polymorphisms in the intronic region, and two polymorphisms in the 5' untranslated r...
journal_title:Human biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1353/hub.2008.0005
更新日期:2007-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cross-cultural studies of sex-specific mortality indicate that, whereas males experience their greatest mortality in industrialized societies, females experience their greatest mortality in populations with low life expectancy. The higher mortality of females in low-life-expectancy communities has been interpreted as ...
journal_title:Human biology
pub_type: 历史文章,杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1992-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::HLA-DQB1*0302 allele frequency is increased in liver graft recipients with acute rejection. We investigated polymorphism in the upstream regulatory regions (URRs) of the DQB1 gene to determine whether polymorphism in the DQB1 promoter region influences liver graft acceptance. A combination of typing protocols based on...
journal_title:Human biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1353/hub.2001.0088
更新日期:2001-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Data related to ten protein genetic loci expressed in blood obtained from four South American black populations were compared with data from seven African countries. Estimates of admixture among South American blacks were revised, and several indexes of gene diversity and genetic distances between the 11 populations w...
journal_title:Human biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1995-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::We summarize several studies, from the last 10 years, of temporal changes and rural-urban differences in the risk factors of cardiovascular disease (CVD) in China to indicate the influences of economic modernization. Two national blood pressure surveys have shown that the prevalence of hypertension increased from 5.1%...
journal_title:Human biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1992-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The main goal of the present study is to elucidate the extent to which primary characteristics of bone aging are determined by major gene effects. We report the results of a complex segregation analysis of bone mineral density (BMD) and osseographic score (OS) carried out on an array of pedigrees from rural Turkmenia....
journal_title:Human biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1996-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Although much attention has been given to statistical genetic methods for the initial localization and fine mapping of quantitative trait loci (QTLs), little methodological work has been done to date on the problem of statistically identifying the most likely functional polymorphisms using sequence data. In this paper...
journal_title:Human biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1353/hub.2006.0003
更新日期:2005-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Growth is a complex process composed of distinct phases over the course of childhood. Although the pubertal growth spurt has received the most attention from auxologists and pediatricians, the midchildhood growth spurt has been less well studied. The midchildhood growth spurt refers to a relatively small increase in g...
journal_title:Human biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3378/1534-6617-80.6.623
更新日期:2008-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Low-molecular-weight acid phosphatase (ACP1) is a polymorphic protein-tyrosine phosphatase present in all human tissues, including adipocytes. A positive association between the low-activity ACP1*A/*A genotype and extreme body mass index has previously been shown by us in obese subjects from the population of Rome. We...
journal_title:Human biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1997-08-01 00:00:00