MtDNA haplogroup analysis of black Brazilian and sub-Saharan populations: implications for the Atlantic slave trade.

abstract：:The Norse and Celtic contributions to the founding population of Iceland have been estimated previously on a pan-Icelandic basis using gene frequency data for the entire island. Accounts of the settlement of Iceland, however, suggest that different regions received different proportions of Norse and Celtic settlers, i...

journal_title：Human biology

authors： Williams JT

更新日期：1993-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Models that examine genetic differences between populations alongside a genotype-phenotype map can provide insight about phenotypic variation among groups. We generalize a simple model of a completely heritable, additive, selectively neutral quantitative trait to examine the relationship between single-locus genetic d...

journal_title：Human biology

authors： Edge MD,Rosenberg NA

更新日期：2015-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Hematocrit values are normally higher in natives living at high altitude than in natives living at sea level. Here, we have determined the hematocrit levels in relation to adrenal androgens in children living at altitudes of 150 m and 3400 m above sea level. The data demonstrate no association between serum adrenal an...

journal_title：Human biology

authors： Góñez C,Donayre M,Villena A,Gonzales GF

更新日期：1993-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Lipoprotein lipase (LPL) plays a critical role in the metabolism of lipoproteins because this enzyme hydrolyzes the triacylglycerides in chylomicrons and very low density lipoproteins. This process influences the production of high-density lipoprotein (HDL), which takes up tissue cholesterol for transport to the liver...

journal_title：Human biology

authors： Mitchell RJ,Earl L,Bray P,Fripp YJ,Williams J

更新日期：1994-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The Sicilian population has a complex history of colonization and invasions that have influenced the genetic composition of the nine provinces of the island. Because surnames are patrilineally inherited, they simulate a Y-chromosome nonrecombinant genetic locus. We used surname data and a specific sampling strategy to...

journal_title：Human biology

authors： De Silvestri A,Guglielmino CR

更新日期：2004-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Most of the inhabitants of South Tyrol in the eastern Italian Alps can be considered isolated populations because of their physical separation by mountain barriers and their sociocultural heritage. We analyzed the genetic structure of South Tyrolean populations using three types of genetic markers: Y-chromosome, mitoc...

journal_title：Human biology

authors： Pichler I,Mueller JC,Stefanov SA,De Grandi A,Volpato CB,Pinggera GK,Mayr A,Ogriseg M,Ploner F,Meitinger T,Pramstaller PP

更新日期：2006-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We summarize the results of a field and laboratory research program (1999-2006) in the Aleutian Islands on the origins of the inhabitants of the archipelago and the genetic structure of these populations. The Aleuts show closest genetic affinity to the contemporary Siberian Eskimos and Chukchi of Chukotka and differ s...

journal_title：Human biology

authors： Crawford MH,Rubicz RC,Zlojutro M

更新日期：2010-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Recent cloning of RH genes has elucidated their structure, suggesting that RH proteins are part of an oligomeric complex with transport function in the erythrocyte. This observation prompted us to investigate a possible relationship between the RH system and the glycosylated hemoglobin level (Hb A(1c)) in diabetes. Th...

journal_title：Human biology

authors： Gloria-Bottini F,Antonacci E,Bottini N,Ogana A,Borgiani P,De Santis G,Lucarini N

更新日期：2000-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We compared the global pattern of variation at two homologous microsatellites mapping to the long arm of the X chromosome (DXYS156X) and to the short arm of the Y chromosome (DXYS156Y) in humans. A single pair of oligonucleotide primers amplifies these two nonallelic loci, each of which contains polymorphism in the nu...

journal_title：Human biology

authors： Karafet T,de Knijff P,Wood E,Ragland J,Clark A,Hammer MF

更新日期：1998-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We investigated the relationship between the dispersal potential of a hominin population, its local-scale foraging strategies, and the characteristics of the resource environment using an agent-based modeling approach. In previous work we demonstrated that natural selection can favor a relatively low capacity for asse...

journal_title：Human biology

authors： Wren CD,Costopoulos A

更新日期：2015-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The major histocompatibility complex is directly involved in the immune response, and thus the genes coding for its proteins are useful markers for the study of genetic diversity, susceptibility to disease (autoimmunity and infections), transplant medicine, and pharmacogenetics, among others. The polymorphism of the s...

journal_title：Human biology

authors： Cortés EDJ,Sieck MAC,Perea AJA,Medrano RMM,Jaime AB,Martínez PE,Zúñiga J,Alonzo VA,Granados J,Barquera R

更新日期：2017-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The two polymorphic alleles of esterase D (ESD), ESD*5 and ESD*7, are specific to Europeans and Asians, respectively. In this study the molecular basis was characterized: ESD*5, arising from ESD*1, has a G to A transition, resulting in Gly257(GGT) --> Asp(GAT); and ESD*7, originating from ESD*2, has an A to G transiti...

journal_title：Human biology

authors： Yuasa I,Umetsu K,Tsuchida S,Irizawa Y,Henke L,Henke J

更新日期：2004-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The relationship of body mass and body fat distribution to blood pressure has been recognized for many years. This relationship has formed the basis for much additional research, including the impact of growth and developmental factors on blood pressure levels. Blood pressure in children is related to somatic growth a...

journal_title：Human biology

authors： Gerber LM,Stern PM

更新日期：1999-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The method of isonymy, developed by Crow and Mange for estimating inbreeding from surname frequencies, requires an assumption that has not been appreciated: It is necessary to assume that all males in some ancestral generation, the founding stock, had unique surnames. Because this assumption is seldom justified in rea...

journal_title：Human biology

authors： Rogers AR

更新日期：1991-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We studied 3925 individuals in 961 families to determine the mode of inheritance of overweight. As an index of overweight, we examined body mass index. Our analyses indicate that the most likely genetic model for susceptibility to overweight included moderate polygenic inheritance (34% of variance resulting from many ...

journal_title：Human biology

authors： Price RA,Ness R,Laskarzewski P

更新日期：1990-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We have studied variation at 24 microsatellite markers among 50 individuals from each of three endogamous groups, Bhargavas, Chaturvedis, and non-Bhargava, non-Chaturvedi Brahmins of Uttar Pradesh, India. The number of alleles at the loci tested varied from 4 to 11, with an average of 6 at each locus. Heterozygosity w...

journal_title：Human biology

authors： Agrawal S,Müller B,Bharadwaj U,Bhatnagar S,Sharma A,Khan F,Agarwal SS

更新日期：2003-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Recent studies have expanded and refined the founding haplogroups of the Americas using whole mitochondrial (mtDNA) genome analysis. In addition to pan-American lineages, specific variants have been identified in a number of studies that show higher frequencies in restricted geographical areas. To further characterize...

journal_title：Human biology

authors： Lee EJ,Merriwether DA

更新日期：2015-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The amiloride-sensitive epithelial sodium channel is a highly selective sodium channel that constitutes the rate-limiting step of sodium reabsorption in distal nephrons. It consists of at least 3 subunits (alpha, beta, and gamma) of similar structure and plays an important role in sodium and fluid homeostasis. Defects...

journal_title：Human biology

authors： Xu X,Niu T,Chen C,Yang J,Fang Z,Xu X

更新日期：1999-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We have investigated the clinical, hematological, and molecular genetic characteristics of sickle cell anemia patients from 6 populations of Andhra Pradesh, South India. Of 72 sickle cell chromosomes (HBB*S) 60 belong to characteristic Arab-Indian haplotypes, 6 to variant Arab-Indian haplotypes, 1 to a Bantu haplotype...

journal_title：Human biology

authors： Niranjan Y,Chandak GR,Veerraju P,Singh L

更新日期：1999-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A central problem in research on twins is the estimation of the rates of monozygotic and dizygotic twin maternities. The estimation usually follows Weinberg's differential rule. According to this rule, the rate of dizygotic twinning is twice the rate of twin maternities in which the twins are of opposite sex. The mono...

journal_title：Human biology

authors： Fellman J,Eriksson AW

更新日期：2006-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Several studies have shown evidence of an association between the *4 allele of apolipoprotein E (APOE) and coronary heart disease (CHD) in different populations. We determined the APOE genotype and total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDLC) values in 189 patients with a...

journal_title：Human biology

authors： Bañares VG,Peterson G,Aguilar D,Gulayin R,Sisu E,Wyszynski DF,Pivetta OH,Tavella MJ

更新日期：2005-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Preston's two-census method of demographic estimation is applied to three pairs of reconstructed censuses from the records of a migrating Mennonite church congregation covering the period 1780-1890. The three pairs of censuses correspond to three periods (1780-1790, 1850-1860, and 1880-1890) and to stays in three sett...

journal_title：Human biology

authors： Everson PM,Stevenson JC,Rogers L

更新日期：1995-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This article examines the utility of the ischium-pubic index (IPI), a sexing technique that compares the lengths of pubis and ischium. The ratio was adapted by Washburn from a primate index devised by Schultz and was tested by Washburn on documented remains from the Hamann-Todd Human Osteological Collection. The IPI i...

journal_title：Human biology

authors： Drew R

更新日期：2013-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A random sample of death records of adult males from the period 1967 to 1970 was chosen from the South Australian Registry of Births, Deaths, and Marriages. The natural parents of these individuals were identified by cross-referencing to birth certificates, and an extensive search was made of the death records for the...

journal_title：Human biology

authors： Tallis GM,Leppard P

更新日期：1997-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Relatives may tend to die of the same cause. A model is proposed specifying the degree of this association, simultaneously allowing for misclassification of cause of death. These mistakes usually degrade any existing correlation structure, the effects being marked when error rates reach between 20% to 30%. It is then ...

journal_title：Human biology

authors： Tallis GM

更新日期：2002-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Human hair has been commonly classified according to three conventional ethnic human subgroups, that is, African, Asian, and European. Such broad classification hardly accounts for the high complexity of human biological diversity, resulting from both multiple and past or recent mixed origins. The research reported he...

journal_title：Human biology

authors： De la Mettrie R,Saint-Léger D,Loussouarn G,Garcel A,Porter C,Langaney A

更新日期：2007-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The fertility pattern, in terms of birth intervals, in a rural population not practicing contraception belonging to La Alta Alpujarra Oriental (southeast Spain) is analyzed. During the first half of the 20th century, this population experienced a considerable degree of geographical and cultural isolation. Because of t...

journal_title：Human biology

authors： Polo V,Luna F,Fuster V

更新日期：2000-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Anthropoid phylogeny has been characterized by dramatic increases in relative brain size. Given the importance of genetic mechanisms in evolution, quantitative genetic analyses of the biological concomitants of relative brain size variation should greatly augment our understanding of this phylogenetic phenomenon. In h...

journal_title：Human biology

authors： Mahaney MC,Williams-Blangero S,Blangero J,Leland MM

更新日期：1993-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Although much attention has been given to statistical genetic methods for the initial localization and fine mapping of quantitative trait loci (QTLs), little methodological work has been done to date on the problem of statistically identifying the most likely functional polymorphisms using sequence data. In this paper...

journal_title：Human biology

authors： Blangero J,Goring HH,Kent JW Jr,Williams JT,Peterson CP,Almasy L,Dyer TD

更新日期：2005-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The Muslim population of India is known for its historical and socioreligious significance. Literature on the genetic structure of this segment of India's population is scanty. Therefore we have investigated the allele frequency distribution of haptoglobin (HP) and transferrin (TF) phenotypes among the Muslims to expl...

journal_title：Human biology

authors： Ahmad R,Alam A,Fatima F,Hasnain AU

更新日期：2008-10-01 00:00:00