Misclassification, correlation, and cause of death studies.

Abstract:

:Relatives may tend to die of the same cause. A model is proposed specifying the degree of this association, simultaneously allowing for misclassification of cause of death. These mistakes usually degrade any existing correlation structure, the effects being marked when error rates reach between 20% to 30%. It is then that the search for associations becomes very difficult indeed, and results misleading. This is an example of a wider malaise that can afflict analysis of association, and the developments here apply to two-by-two contingency tables in general.

journal_name

Hum Biol

journal_title

Human biology

authors

Tallis GM

doi

10.1353/hub.2002.0013

keywords:

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2002-02-01 00:00:00

pages

75-81

issue

1

eissn

0018-7143

issn

1534-6617

journal_volume

74

pub_type

杂志文章
  • Molecular genetic studies of cognitive ability.

    abstract::Given that the evidence of a substantial genetic contribution to cognitive ability is now convincing, the next challenge is to locate and identify the genes involved. It is likely that there are several genes, each of only small effect. Detection of such so-called quantitative trait loci contributing to polygenic trai...

    journal_title:Human biology

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:

    authors: Daniels J,McGuffin P,Owen MJ,Plomin R

    更新日期:1998-04-01 00:00:00

  • Towards a complete North American Anabaptist Genealogy II: analysis of inbreeding.

    abstract::We describe a large genealogy data base, which can be searched by computer, of 295,095 Amish and Mennonite individuals. The data base was constructed by merging our existing Anabaptist Genealogy Database 2.0 containing approximately 85,000 individuals with a genealogy file containing approximately 242,000 individuals,...

    journal_title:Human biology

    pub_type: 历史文章,杂志文章

    doi:10.1353/hub.2001.0045

    authors: Agarwala R,Schäffer AA,Tomlin JF

    更新日期:2001-08-01 00:00:00

  • Low-molecular-weight acid phosphatase (ACP1), obesity, and blood lipid levels in subjects with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus.

    abstract::Low-molecular-weight acid phosphatase (ACP1) is a polymorphic protein-tyrosine phosphatase present in all human tissues, including adipocytes. A positive association between the low-activity ACP1*A/*A genotype and extreme body mass index has previously been shown by us in obese subjects from the population of Rome. We...

    journal_title:Human biology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:

    authors: Lucarini N,Antonacci E,Bottini N,Gloria Bottini F

    更新日期:1997-08-01 00:00:00

  • Segregation analysis reveals a major gene effect in compact and cancellous bone mineral density in 2 populations.

    abstract::Involvement of genetic factors in determining bone mineral density (BMD) is doubtless. However, the exact nature of the genes governing BMD variation and sources for genetic determination of BMD of different parts of bone (compact and cancellous) have not been completely studied. The results of the complex segregation...

    journal_title:Human biology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:

    authors: Livshits G,Karasik D,Pavlovsky O,Kobyliansky E

    更新日期:1999-04-01 00:00:00

  • Apolipoprotein B genetic variability in Brazilian Indians.

    abstract::Three apolipoprotein B restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLPs) (XbaI, MspI, and EcoRI) and the signal peptide insertion-deletion polymorphism were investigated using the polymerase chain reaction in 140 individuals from 5 Brazilian Indian tribes. All studied markers were polymorphic in this ethnic group. The ...

    journal_title:Human biology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:

    authors: Kaufman L,Vargas AF,Coimbra Júnior CE,Santos RV,Salzano FM,Hutz MH

    更新日期:1999-02-01 00:00:00

  • Diabetic pregnancy: evidence of selection on the Rh blood group system.

    abstract::The blood glucose levels of pregnant women with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus and the blood glucose levels of newborns during the first few hours of life show an association with maternal Rh genotype. Distortions of joint maternal-fetal Rh phenotype distribution have also been observed. Because a cluster of gene...

    journal_title:Human biology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:

    authors: Gloria-Bottini F,Gerlini G,Amante A,Pascone R,Bottini E

    更新日期:1992-02-01 00:00:00

  • RFLPs of the APOB gene: comparative study between Greeks and southern Italian peoples.

    abstract::Restriction fragment length polymorphisms (RFLPs) at codons 2488 (XbaI), 3611 (MspI), and 4154 (EcoRI) of the apolipoprotein B gene were investigated in sample groups from Athens (Greece) and Calabria (southern Italy) to verify whether the distribution of the APOB gene variants in Calabria, where Greek colonization oc...

    journal_title:Human biology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:

    authors: De Benedictis G,Leone O,Falcone E,Rose G,Brancati C,Carotenuto L

    更新日期:1993-06-01 00:00:00

  • New data on the world distribution of paraoxonase (PON1 Gln 192 --> Arg) gene frequencies.

    abstract::The physiological role of human paraoxonase (PON), a serum enzyme that hydrolyzes organophosphate insecticides and nerve agents, is not clear. Of the three genes in the paraoxonase gene family, PON1 shows a polymorphism, Gln 192 --> Arg, governed by two common alleles named *Q and *R. These determine two different iso...

    journal_title:Human biology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1353/hub.2003.0049

    authors: Scacchi R,Corbo RM,Rickards O,De Stefano GF

    更新日期:2003-06-01 00:00:00

  • Quantitative genetics of relative organ weight variation in captive baboons.

    abstract::Anthropoid phylogeny has been characterized by dramatic increases in relative brain size. Given the importance of genetic mechanisms in evolution, quantitative genetic analyses of the biological concomitants of relative brain size variation should greatly augment our understanding of this phylogenetic phenomenon. In h...

    journal_title:Human biology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:

    authors: Mahaney MC,Williams-Blangero S,Blangero J,Leland MM

    更新日期:1993-12-01 00:00:00

  • Origin and population structure of the Icelanders.

    abstract::The Norse and Celtic contributions to the founding population of Iceland have been estimated previously on a pan-Icelandic basis using gene frequency data for the entire island. Accounts of the settlement of Iceland, however, suggest that different regions received different proportions of Norse and Celtic settlers, i...

    journal_title:Human biology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:

    authors: Williams JT

    更新日期:1993-04-01 00:00:00

  • Authenticating ancient human mitochondrial DNA.

    abstract::The use of ancient DNA techniques in human studies has been hampered by problems of contamination with modern human DNA. The main problem has been that the object of study belongs to the same species as the observer, and the complete elimination of the contamination risk is seemingly unlikely. Contamination has even b...

    journal_title:Human biology

    pub_type: 历史文章,杂志文章

    doi:10.1353/hub.2001.0069

    authors: Montiel R,Malgosa A,Francalacci P

    更新日期:2001-10-01 00:00:00

  • Population genetics of coincidental DNA matches.

    abstract::The DNA profiles of two unrelated individuals can match (complete similarity) by chance alone. When the two individuals are related, the probability of a coincidental match is higher. Here, I deal with the probabilities of coincidental matches for both related and unrelated individuals. The derivation starts from firs...

    journal_title:Human biology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:

    authors: Li CC

    更新日期:1996-04-01 00:00:00

  • Digital dermatoglyphic patterns of Eskimo and Amerindian populations: relationships between geographic, dermatoglyphic, genetic, and linguistic distances.

    abstract::Dermatoglyphic traits have been used to assess population affinities and structure. Here, we describe the digital patterns of four Eskimo populations from Alaska: two Yupik-speaking villages from St. Lawrence Island and two Inupik groups presently residing on mainland Alaska. For a broader evolutionary perspective, th...

    journal_title:Human biology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:

    authors: Crawford MH,Duggirala R

    更新日期:1992-10-01 00:00:00

  • Ethnic differences in the distribution of interleukin-6 polymorphisms among three Brazilian ethnic groups.

    abstract::Polymorphisms in the interleukin-6 promoter region have been associated with diseases. In this study we investigated the -634G/C and -174G/C IL-6 promoter polymorphisms in three Brazilian ethnic groups. We verified that the allele frequencies of the two polymorphisms and haplotype frequencies varied significantly betw...

    journal_title:Human biology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1353/hub.2005.0061

    authors: Gadelha SR,Alcantara LC,Costa GC,Rios DL,Galvão-Castro B

    更新日期:2005-08-01 00:00:00

  • Origins of Aleuts and the genetic structure of populations of the archipelago: molecular and archaeological perspectives.

    abstract::We summarize the results of a field and laboratory research program (1999-2006) in the Aleutian Islands on the origins of the inhabitants of the archipelago and the genetic structure of these populations. The Aleuts show closest genetic affinity to the contemporary Siberian Eskimos and Chukchi of Chukotka and differ s...

    journal_title:Human biology

    pub_type: 历史文章,杂志文章

    doi:10.3378/027.082.0511

    authors: Crawford MH,Rubicz RC,Zlojutro M

    更新日期:2010-12-01 00:00:00

  • Possible migration routes into South America deduced from mitochondrial DNA studies in Colombian Amerindian populations.

    abstract::Mitochondrial DNA haplotype studies have been useful in unraveling the origins of Native Americans. Such studies are based on restriction site and intergenic deletion/insertion polymorphisms, which define four main haplotype groups common to Asian and American populations. Several studies have characterized these line...

    journal_title:Human biology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1353/hub.2002.0022

    authors: Keyeux G,Rodas C,Gelvez N,Carter D

    更新日期:2002-04-01 00:00:00

  • Oral contraceptives and fat patterning in young adult women.

    abstract::90 nulliparous white female college students, selected from 2 undergraduate introductory courses at Kansas University, participated in a cross-sectional study designed to compare the fat distribution of oral contraceptive (OC) users to that of nonusers matched for height and weight. The subjects ranged in age from 18...

    journal_title:Human biology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:

    authors: Litchfield RE,Grunewald KK

    更新日期:1988-10-01 00:00:00

  • The temporal dynamics of the fourteenth-century Black Death: new evidence from English ecclesiastical records.

    abstract::Recent research has questioned whether the European Black Death of 1347-1351 could possibly have been caused by the bubonic plague bacillus Yersinia pestis, as has been assumed for over a century. Central to the arguments both for and against involvement of Y. pestis has been a comparison of the temporal dynamics obse...

    journal_title:Human biology

    pub_type: 传,历史文章,杂志文章

    doi:10.1353/hub.2003.0067

    authors: Wood JW,Ferrell RJ,Dewitte-Aviña SN

    更新日期:2003-08-01 00:00:00

  • Population substructure and patterns of quantitative variation among the Gollas of southern Andhra Pradesh, India.

    abstract::Population substructure and biological differentiation was studied among the Golla, a pastoral caste living in the southern areas of Andhra Pradesh (AP) in India, using 11 anthropometric measurements and 20 quantitative dermatoglyphic variables. The data were collected from a sample of 334 adult males drawn from 30 vi...

    journal_title:Human biology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1353/hub.2001.0026

    authors: Reddy BM,Pfeffer A,Crawford MH,Langstieh BT

    更新日期:2001-04-01 00:00:00

  • Complement components C2, C3, and C4 (C4A and C4B) and BF polymorphisms in populations of the Indian subcontinent.

    abstract::Genetic polymorphisms of the complement components (five loci: C2, C3, C4A, C4B, and BF) have been investigated in the Telugu-speaking Hindu population of Hyderabad, Andhra Pradesh, India, and the Bangali-speaking Muslim population of Dacca, Bangladesh. The available data are compared to understand the genetic variati...

    journal_title:Human biology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:

    authors: Ad'hiah AH,Papiha SS

    更新日期:1996-10-01 00:00:00

  • Restriction fragment length polymorphisms of type I collagen locus 2 (COL1A2) in two communities of African ancestry and other mixed populations of northwestern Ecuador.

    abstract::Restriction fragment length polymorphisms are good anthropological markers for discriminating geographically distinct populations at both the allele and the haplotype level. Two communities of African ancestry and ladinos, mestizos, and mulattoes living in the Esmeraldas province in northwestern Ecuador were analyzed ...

    journal_title:Human biology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1353/hub.2005.0031

    authors: Rickards O,Martínez-Labarga C,Trucchi E,Renzi F,Casalotti R,Babalini C,Biondi G,Pepe G,De Stefano G

    更新日期:2005-02-01 00:00:00

  • Genetic structure in contemporary south Tyrolean isolated populations revealed by analysis of Y-chromosome, mtDNA, and Alu polymorphisms.

    abstract::Most of the inhabitants of South Tyrol in the eastern Italian Alps can be considered isolated populations because of their physical separation by mountain barriers and their sociocultural heritage. We analyzed the genetic structure of South Tyrolean populations using three types of genetic markers: Y-chromosome, mitoc...

    journal_title:Human biology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1353/hub.2006.0057

    authors: Pichler I,Mueller JC,Stefanov SA,De Grandi A,Volpato CB,Pinggera GK,Mayr A,Ogriseg M,Ploner F,Meitinger T,Pramstaller PP

    更新日期:2006-08-01 00:00:00

  • Sex ratio at reproductive age: changes over the last century in the Italian population.

    abstract::The radical improvement in living conditions experienced in Italy during the last century caused a reduction in male extra-mortality during the prereproductive years. As a consequence, a progressive increase in the sex ratio at the beginning of the reproductive age (15-19 years) occurred, so that in recent times the s...

    journal_title:Human biology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1353/hub.2001.0014

    authors: Ulizzi L,Astolfi P,Zonta LA

    更新日期:2001-02-01 00:00:00

  • Cross-sectional changes in anthropometric variables among Wapishana and Patamona Amerindian adults.

    abstract::Although anthropometric information on South American Indian populations has been collected for many years, remarkably little is known about age-related changes in their body size in adulthood. The lack of baseline information on the normal pattern of aging among Amerindian adults hinders investigations into the healt...

    journal_title:Human biology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1353/hub.2003.0031

    authors: Dangour AD

    更新日期:2003-04-01 00:00:00

  • Temporal variation in phenetic affinity of early Upper Egyptian male cranial series.

    abstract::We carried out an exploratory historical biology study using temporally distinguished groups of predynastic-Early Dynastic male crania from the region of Upper Egypt. The objectives were, first, to determine the overall pattern of phenetic affinity between temporally sequential series and in relation to the earliest s...

    journal_title:Human biology

    pub_type: 历史文章,杂志文章

    doi:10.3378/1534-6617(2008)80[141:TVIPAO]2.0.CO;2

    authors: Keita SO,Boyce AJ

    更新日期:2008-04-01 00:00:00

  • Method of path coefficients: a trademark of Sewall Wright.

    abstract::This address is a tribute to a pioneer of population genetics, including human population genetics. The unique methodology employed by Sewall Wright in many genetic problems is the method of path coefficients. This essay traces the historical landmarks in the development of the path method and then shows how some of t...

    journal_title:Human biology

    pub_type: 历史文章,杂志文章

    doi:

    authors: Li CC

    更新日期:1991-02-01 00:00:00

  • Sicilian provinces: population subdivisions revealed by surname frequencies.

    abstract::The Sicilian population has a complex history of colonization and invasions that have influenced the genetic composition of the nine provinces of the island. Because surnames are patrilineally inherited, they simulate a Y-chromosome nonrecombinant genetic locus. We used surname data and a specific sampling strategy to...

    journal_title:Human biology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1353/hub.2005.0015

    authors: De Silvestri A,Guglielmino CR

    更新日期:2004-12-01 00:00:00

  • Polymorphism in the upstream regulatory region of the HLA-DQB1 gene in liver graft recipients.

    abstract::HLA-DQB1*0302 allele frequency is increased in liver graft recipients with acute rejection. We investigated polymorphism in the upstream regulatory regions (URRs) of the DQB1 gene to determine whether polymorphism in the DQB1 promoter region influences liver graft acceptance. A combination of typing protocols based on...

    journal_title:Human biology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1353/hub.2001.0088

    authors: Muro M,Herrero N,Marin L,Torío A,Minguela A,Sánchez-Bueno F,García-Alonso AM,Alvarez-López MR

    更新日期:2001-12-01 00:00:00

  • Geographic patterns of (genetic, morphologic, linguistic) variation: how barriers can be detected by using Monmonier's algorithm.

    abstract::When sampling locations are known, the association between genetic and geographic distances can be tested by spatial autocorrelation or regression methods. These tests give some clues to the possible shape of the genetic landscape. Nevertheless, correlation analyses fail when attempting to identify where genetic barri...

    journal_title:Human biology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1353/hub.2004.0034

    authors: Manni F,Guérard E,Heyer E

    更新日期:2004-04-01 00:00:00

  • Studies of human sex ratios at birth may lead to the understanding of several forms of pathology.

    abstract::This article deals with the problem of the causes of the variation of sex ratio (proportion male) at birth. This problem is common to a number of areas in biology and medicine, for example, obstetrics, neurology/psychiatry, parasitology, virology, oncology, and teratology. It is established that there are signifi cant...

    journal_title:Human biology

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.3378/027.085.0513

    authors: James WH

    更新日期:2013-10-01 00:00:00