Abstract:
:While using cobalt (Co2+) to block synaptic transmission in an in vitro preparation of chick retina, the authors observed significant changes in the DC electroretinogram (DC ERG). Cobalt (3.0 mM) increased the amplitudes of all three photoreceptor-dependent responses of the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE): the c-wave, fast-oscillation trough, and light peak. Intracellular recordings from RPE cells revealed that Co2+ increased those light-evoked changes in RPE membrane potentials that contribute to each of these responses. Monitoring of subretinal [K+]o with K(+)-selective microelectrodes showed that Co2+ increased the amplitude of the light-evoked [K+]o decrease, and this must contribute to the observed increase in c-wave and fast-oscillation trough because both are generated by this [K+]o change. Cobalt also increased the initial rate of [K+]o decrease at light-onset, the rate of subretinal [K+]o reaccumulation during maintained illumination, and the amplitude of the [K+]o overshoot at light-offset. The Co(2+)-induced increases in light-evoked RPE responses and subretinal [K+]o changes may arise from a direct effect on photoreceptors because (1) blockade of postphotoreceptoral activity did not block these effects of Co2+; and (2) Co2+ did not alter significantly the electrical properties of isolated RPE-choroid tissues. The authors conclude that, in the cone-dominated chick retina, Co2+ may act directly on the photoreceptors to increase the light response.
journal_name
Invest Ophthalmol Vis Scijournal_title
Investigative ophthalmology & visual scienceauthors
Gallemore RP,Steinberg RHsubject
Has Abstractpub_date
1991-11-01 00:00:00pages
3041-52issue
12eissn
0146-0404issn
1552-5783journal_volume
32pub_type
杂志文章abstract:PURPOSE:To validate velocity measurements produced by spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) in an in vitro laminar flow model. METHODS:A 30-mL syringe filled with skim milk was inserted into a syringe pump. Intravenous (i.v.) tubing connected the syringe within the pump to a glass capillary tube (inter...
journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1167/iovs.08-2305
更新日期:2009-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:This study was conducted to investigate metabolic changes in aqueous humor from rabbit eyes exposed to either UV-A or -B radiation, by using (1)H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy and unsupervised pattern recognition METHODS:methods. Both eyes of adult albino rabbits were irradiated with UV-A (366 ...
journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1167/iovs.04-0787
更新日期:2005-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:Purpose:We investigated the accumulation of amyloid β (Aβ1-40, Aβ1-42, Aβ1-43) in the lens epithelium of patients with opacification of five different types (cortical cataract [COR]; nuclear cataract [NUC]; posterior subcapsular cataract [PSC]; retrodots [RD]; and water clefts [WC]). Methods:Samples were collected fro...
journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1167/iovs.17-22065
更新日期:2017-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The authors used a psychophysical method to measure lens transmission of young, type I diabetic patients and normal controls. The results from normal controls agreed with previously published reports of decreasing lens transmission with age, and those from diabetic subjects suggested that lenses of young, type I diabe...
journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1991-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::To evaluate the penetration of ciprofloxacin, a new wide-spectrum oral antibiotic, into the vitreous, ciprofloxacin was administered orally to 21 patients who were scheduled to undergo vitreal surgery. Seven patients received 750 mg ciprofloxacin 4 hr before surgery (group I), seven patients received this dose 8 hr be...
journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:
更新日期:1991-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:To quantitate in vivo retinal ganglion cell (RGC) survival after transient periods of pressure-induced ischemia of the rat retina and after different survival intervals. METHODS:In adult rats, RGCs were labeled with fluorogold applied to their main targets in the brain. Seven days later, in several groups of r...
journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1996-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:Purpose:To determine whether combining quantitative optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) parameters can achieve high sensitivity and specificity to distinguish eyes with nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy (NPDR) from those with proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) as well as eyes with diabetes and no ...
journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1167/iovs.18-24142
更新日期:2018-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:Purpose:Adult central nervous system (CNS) neurons are unable to regenerate their axons after injury. Krüppel-like transcription factor (KLF) family members regulate intrinsic axon growth ability in vitro and in vivo, but mechanisms downstream of these transcription factors are not known. Methods:Purified retinal gang...
journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1167/iovs.17-23319
更新日期:2018-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:To study the putative role of endogenous matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) in retinal neovascularization, an established mouse model was used to compare the retinal neovascularization observed in wild-type mice with that in mice without the MMP-2 or -9 genes. METHODS:C57Bl/6 (MMP-2(+/+) and -9(+/+)), MMP-2-defi...
journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1167/iovs.03-0249
更新日期:2003-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cultured porcine retinal pigment epithelial cells release superoxide, measured as superoxide dismutase (SOD)-suppressible reduction of cytochrome C, and SOD-suppressible luminol-dependent chemiluminescence. Latex beads stimulated a significant release of superoxide that reached 82 nmol/mg protein in the first 15 min a...
journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1989-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:To improve the 30-year-old "trypsin digestion" procedure for isolation of the complete retinal vasculature, which, in its time, was a revolutionary advance that allowed important discoveries about diabetic retinopathy; to provide a method that will yield more consistent results when applied to retinas represent...
journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1993-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:The purpose of this study was to investigate the mutational incidence and spectrum of mitochondrial ND1 gene in subjects with Leber's hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON). METHODS:A cohort of 1281 Han Chinese probands and 478 control subjects underwent sequence analysis of mitochondrial (mt)DNA. Resultant varian...
journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.1167/iovs.16-19243
更新日期:2016-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:Myopia is a common complex trait that affects up to 60% of some populations. Its development is influenced by multiple genes and environmental factors. PAX6 and SOX2 are genes with fundamental roles in ocular growth and development, and they have been linked with myopia in a recent linkage study. The authors in...
journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1167/iovs.07-0231
更新日期:2007-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Albino rabbits were exposed to repeated microwave irradiations once daily for a month. Clinical examination was carried out for a period up to one year. No changes occurred below 300 mW./cm.2. At and above this level posterior subcapsular iridescence and posterior cortical cataracts were produced. The histologic findi...
journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1977-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:To identify proteinases and growth factors abnormally expressed in human corneas of donors with diabetic retinopathy (DR), additional to previously described matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-10 and -3 and insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-I. METHODS:RNA was isolated from 35 normal, diabetic, and DR autopsy human ...
journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1167/iovs.04-1507
更新日期:2005-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:Purpose:The purpose of this study was to study the status and association among tear-soluble factors, corneal dendritic cell density, vitamin D, and signs and symptoms in dry eye disease (DED). Methods:A total of 33 control subjects and 47 evaporative dry eye patients were included in the study. DED diagnosis and clas...
journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1167/iovs.19-26914
更新日期:2019-06-03 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (Mthfr) is a key enzyme in homocysteine-methionine metabolism. We investigated Mthfr expression in retina and asked whether mild hyperhomocysteinemia, due to Mthfr deficiency, alters retinal neurovascular structure and function. METHODS:Expression of Mthfr was investigated a...
journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1167/iovs.14-16190
更新日期:2015-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:Purpose:The trabecular meshwork (TM) has an important role in the regulation of aqueous humor outflow and IOP. Regulation of the extracellular matrix (ECM) by TGFβ2 has been studied extensively. Bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) and activin membrane-bound inhibitor (BAMBI) has been shown to inhibit or modulate TGFβ2 sig...
journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1167/iovs.17-23282
更新日期:2018-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:Best disease is a monogenic macular degeneration caused mainly by heterozygous mutations in the BEST1 gene. The objective was to characterize the molecular and clinical features of patients with the classical form of Best disease that is inherited in an autosomal recessive mode. METHODS:Clinical evaluation inc...
journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1167/iovs.11-7174
更新日期:2011-07-18 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:Activity in regions of the visual cortex corresponding to central scotomas in subjects with macular degeneration (MD) is considered evidence for functional reorganization in the brain. Three unresolved issues related to cortical activity in subjects with MD were addressed: Is the cortical response to stimuli pr...
journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1167/iovs.09-4926
更新日期:2010-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:Purpose:We determine the feasibility of human conjunctival epithelial cells (hCjECs) on poly(lactic-co-glycolic) acid (PLGA) membranes for corneal epithelium regeneration. hCjECs on PLGA or polyester (PET) membranes with or without coculture of human Tenon's fibroblasts (hTFs) were compared in vitro, and to determine w...
journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1167/iovs.17-22719
更新日期:2018-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:The influences of diurnal rhythms involving a variety of ocular parameters are implicated in the development of myopia. The purpose of this study was to determine the expression of the melatonin receptor subtype proteins in chick ocular tissues and to examine the role of the circadian signaling molecule melaton...
journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1167/iovs.05-0195
更新日期:2006-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:Excessive and continuously produced free radicals in the outer retina are implicated in retinal aging and the pathogenesis of sight-threatening retinopathies, yet measuring outer retinal oxidative stress in vivo remains a challenge. Here, we test the hypothesis that continuously produced paramagnetic free radic...
journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1167/iovs.15-18420
更新日期:2015-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:The retrograde transport of wheat germ agglutinin-horseradish peroxidase (WGA/HRP) was used to study the localization of the neurons that innervate the superior tarsal muscle in the cynomolgus monkey. METHODS:A 5-10% WGA-HRP solution was applied to the medial part of the superior tarsal muscle. Seventy-two hou...
journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1993-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The laser Doppler technique was used to measure alterations in retinal blood flow in human subjects under dark-adapted conditions compared to light-adapted conditions. Retinal blood flow increased 40 to 70% after the transition from light to dark. We show quantitatively that the measured increases in retinal blood flo...
journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1983-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:Purpose:Tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α is upregulated in eyes following corneal alkali injury and contributes to corneal and also retinal damage. Prompt TNF-α inhibition by systemic infliximab ameliorates retinal damage and improves corneal wound healing. However, systemic administration of TNF-α inhibitors carries risk...
journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1167/iovs.16-20339
更新日期:2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:Dynamic color and brightness adaptation are crucial for visual functioning. The effects of glaucoma on retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) could compromise these functions. We have previously used slow dynamic changes of light at moderate intensities to measure the speed and magnitude of subtractive adaptation in RGC...
journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1167/iovs.14-15725
更新日期:2015-01-22 00:00:00
abstract::Protocols for light microscopy of frog lenses that result in good visibility of cell structure from the lens surface to its nucleus are presented. The lenses are fixed in 10% neutral formalin in 0.06 M phosphate buffer and are embedded in Epon 812. Following staining of the thick sections with selected Procion dyes, e...
journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1983-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:Purpose:To investigate the impact of the rates of change of anterior lamina cribrosa surface depth (ALCSD) and optic nerve head surface depth (ONHSD) on visual field (VF) progression in glaucoma. Methods:One hundred forty-six eyes of 95 glaucoma patients had optical coherence tomography ONH imaging and VF testing at a...
journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1167/iovs.16-20509
更新日期:2017-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::In tear fluid, a large number of proteins can be detected with electrophoretic or immunologic techniques. The composition of serum proteins in tears resembles that of whole serum. By comparison of the protein patterns resulting from different sampling methods, it was shown that serum albumin is not present in the secr...
journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1983-05-01 00:00:00