Enhanced selection of FoxP3+ T-regulatory cells protects CTLA-4-deficient mice from CNS autoimmune disease.

abstract：:cDNA libraries were constructed from pathogenic (HM-1:IMSS) and nonpathogenic (SAW 1734) isolates of Entamoeba histolytica. A cDNA clone (cEH-P1) specific for pathogenic amoebae was identified by screening with a pool of sera from patients with invasive amoebiasis that had been absorbed with nonpathogenic amoebae. Thi...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Tannich E,Horstmann RD,Knobloch J,Arnold HH

更新日期：1989-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:To test for direct and indirect effects of a top predator on three lower trophic levels, we conducted two multiyear predator addition experiments in a tropical wet forest. Periodic additions of a top predator (predatory clerid beetle) to a wet forest understory shrub caused a reduction in the predatory beetle's prey (...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Dyer LA,Letourneau DK

更新日期：1999-04-27 00:00:00

abstract：:Explanations for biogeographic disjunctions involving South America and Africa typically invoke vicariance of western Gondwanan biotas or long distance dispersal. These hypotheses are problematical because many groups originated and diversified well after the last known connection between Africa and South America (app...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Davis CC,Bell CD,Mathews S,Donoghue MJ

更新日期：2002-05-14 00:00:00

abstract：:Thyroid hormone (TH) metabolism, mediated by deiodinase types 1, 2, and 3 (D1, D2, and D3) is profoundly affected by acute illness. We examined the role of TH metabolism during ventilator-induced lung injury (VILI) in mice. Mice exposed to VILI recapitulated the serum TH findings of acute illness, namely a decrease in...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Barca-Mayo O,Liao XH,DiCosmo C,Dumitrescu A,Moreno-Vinasco L,Wade MS,Sammani S,Mirzapoiazova T,Garcia JG,Refetoff S,Weiss RE

更新日期：2011-12-06 00:00:00

abstract：:Previous studies have identified an ATP-dependent DNA helicase activity intrinsic to the human minichromosome maintenance (MCM) complex, composed of MCM subunits 4, 6, and 7 [Ishimi, Y. (1997) J. Biol. Chem. 272, 24508-24513]. In contrast to the presence of multiple MCM genes (at least six) in eukaryotes, the archaeon...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Kelman Z,Lee JK,Hurwitz J

更新日期：1999-12-21 00:00:00

abstract：:Focally evoked calcium waves in astrocyte cultures have been thought to propagate by gap-junction-mediated intercellular passage of chemical signal(s). In contrast to this mechanism we observed isolated astrocytes, which had no physical contact with other astrocytes in the culture, participating in a calcium wave. Thi...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Hassinger TD,Guthrie PB,Atkinson PB,Bennett MV,Kater SB

更新日期：1996-11-12 00:00:00

abstract：:Cyclic nucleotide metabolism was investigated in growing kidneys of rats during compensatory hypertrophy and during neonatal development. After unilateral nephrectomy a mild and short-lasting decrease in cyclic 3':5" adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) was observed in the hypertrophying kidney. In contrast, cyclic 3':5' gu...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Schlondorff D,Weber H

更新日期：1976-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A double-stranded (ds) DNA which may be a replication intermediate was isolated from bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L. "Top Crop") leaves systemically infected with bean golden mosaic virus, a whitefly-transmitted plant virus with a genome of circular single-stranded (ss) DNA. The isolation method used phenol/chloroform ext...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Ikegami M,Haber S,Goodman RM

更新日期：1981-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Widespread belief in misinformation circulating online is a critical challenge for modern societies. While research to date has focused on psychological and political antecedents to this phenomenon, few studies have explored the role of digital media literacy shortfalls. Using data from preregistered survey experiment...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Guess AM,Lerner M,Lyons B,Montgomery JM,Nyhan B,Reifler J,Sircar N

更新日期：2020-07-07 00:00:00

abstract：:We previously identified a stromal cell-derived inducing activity (SDIA), which induces differentiation of neural cells, including midbrain tyrosine hydroxylase-positive (TH(+)) dopaminergic neurons, from mouse embryonic stem cells. We report here that SDIA induces efficient neural differentiation also in primate embr...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Kawasaki H,Suemori H,Mizuseki K,Watanabe K,Urano F,Ichinose H,Haruta M,Takahashi M,Yoshikawa K,Nishikawa S,Nakatsuji N,Sasai Y

更新日期：2002-02-05 00:00:00

abstract：:Despite the importance of mitotic cell rounding in tissue development and cell proliferation, there remains a paucity of approaches to investigate the mechanical robustness of cell rounding. Here we introduce ion beam-sculpted microcantilevers that enable precise force-feedback-controlled confinement of single cells w...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Cattin CJ,Düggelin M,Martinez-Martin D,Gerber C,Müller DJ,Stewart MP

更新日期：2015-09-08 00:00:00

abstract：:A recA-independent recombinational event is described which results in insertion of an entire plasmid genome at a unique site of another plasmid, and coincident excision of a precisely defined DNA segment originally present at the point of the insertion. The resulting recombinant molecules subsequently can undergo sit...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Kopecko DJ,Cohen SN

更新日期：1975-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:(2'-5')Oligoadenylate synthetase [(2'-5')A synthetase], which synthesizes a series of oligoadenylates ppp-(A2'p)n5'A [collectively referred to as (2'-5')A], has been described previously in rat liver cells, where its concentration varied with the growth status of this organ--i.e., it decreased during the early phase o...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Etienne-Smekens M,Vandenbussche P,Content J,Dumont JE

更新日期：1983-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Chronic sleep deprivation perturbs the circadian clock and increases susceptibility to diseases such as diabetes, obesity, and cancer. Increased inflammation is one of the common underlying mechanisms of these diseases, thus raising a hypothesis that circadian-oscillator components may regulate immune response. Here w...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Narasimamurthy R,Hatori M,Nayak SK,Liu F,Panda S,Verma IM

更新日期：2012-07-31 00:00:00

abstract：:We have long known that language is lateralized to the left hemisphere (LH) in most neurologically healthy adults. In contrast, findings on lateralization of function during development are more complex. As in adults, anatomical, electrophysiological, and neuroimaging studies in infants and children indicate LH latera...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Olulade OA,Seydell-Greenwald A,Chambers CE,Turkeltaub PE,Dromerick AW,Berl MM,Gaillard WD,Newport EL

更新日期：2020-09-22 00:00:00

abstract：:Homeostasis of intravascular volume, Na(+), Cl(-), and K(+) is interdependent and determined by the coordinated activities of structurally diverse mediators in the distal nephron and the distal colon. The behavior of these flux pathways is regulated by the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system; however, the mechanisms ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Ring AM,Cheng SX,Leng Q,Kahle KT,Rinehart J,Lalioti MD,Volkman HM,Wilson FH,Hebert SC,Lifton RP

更新日期：2007-03-06 00:00:00

abstract：:A minimalist Cys2His2 zinc finger peptide, Lys-Tyr-Ala-Cys-Ala-Ala-Cys-Ala-Ala-Ala-Phe-Ala-Ala-Lys-Ala-Ala-Leu-Ala- Ala-His-Ala-Ala-Ala-His-Ala-Lys, has been synthesized. Metal binding studies using Co2+ as a probe indicated that this peptide forms a 1:1 peptide/metal complex with a dissociation constant comparable to...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Michael SF,Kilfoil VJ,Schmidt MH,Amann BT,Berg JM

更新日期：1992-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Aquaporin (AQP) 4 is the predominant water channel in the mammalian brain, abundantly expressed in the blood-brain and brain-cerebrospinal fluid interfaces of glial cells. Its function in cerebral water balance has implications in neuropathological disorders, including brain edema, stroke, and head injuries. The 1.8-A...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Ho JD,Yeh R,Sandstrom A,Chorny I,Harries WE,Robbins RA,Miercke LJ,Stroud RM

更新日期：2009-05-05 00:00:00

abstract：:In light of the rapid recent retreat of Arctic sea ice, a number of studies have discussed the possibility of a critical threshold (or "tipping point") beyond which the ice-albedo feedback causes the ice cover to melt away in an irreversible process. The focus has typically been centered on the annual minimum (Septemb...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Eisenman I,Wettlaufer JS

更新日期：2009-01-06 00:00:00

abstract：:In nearly all eukaryotes, at least some individuals inherit mitochondrial and chloroplast genes from only one parent. There is no single mechanism of uniparental inheritance: organelle gene inheritance is blocked by a variety of mechanisms and at different stages of reproduction in different species. Frequent changes ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Birky CW Jr

更新日期：1995-12-05 00:00:00

abstract：:Climate change and resource exploitation have been shown to modify the importance of bottom-up and top-down forces in ecosystems. However, the resulting pattern of trophic control in complex food webs is an emergent property of the system and thus unintuitive. We develop a statistical nondeterministic model, capable o...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Lynam CP,Llope M,Möllmann C,Helaouët P,Bayliss-Brown GA,Stenseth NC

更新日期：2017-02-21 00:00:00

abstract：:Chromosome segregation and mitotic exit are initiated by the 1.2-MDa ubiquitin ligase APC/C (anaphase-promoting complex/cyclosome) and its coactivator CDC20 (cell division cycle 20). To avoid chromosome missegregation, APC/C(CDC20) activation is tightly controlled. CDC20 only associates with APC/C in mitosis when APC/...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Qiao R,Weissmann F,Yamaguchi M,Brown NG,VanderLinden R,Imre R,Jarvis MA,Brunner MR,Davidson IF,Litos G,Haselbach D,Mechtler K,Stark H,Schulman BA,Peters JM

更新日期：2016-05-10 00:00:00

abstract：:Two-dimensional electron gases (2DEGs) are at the base of current nanoelectronics because of their exceptional mobilities. Often the accumulation layer forms at polar interfaces with longitudinal optical (LO) modes. In most cases, the many-body screening of the quasi-2DEGs dramatically reduces the Fröhlich scattering ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Chen Z,Sjakste J,Dong J,Taleb-Ibrahimi A,Rueff JP,Shukla A,Peretti J,Papalazarou E,Marsi M,Perfetti L

更新日期：2020-09-08 00:00:00

abstract：:We report the identification and cloning of a 28-kDa polypeptide (p28) in Tetrahymena macronuclei that shares several features with the well studied heterochromatin-associated protein HP1 from Drosophila. Notably, like HP1, p28 contains both a chromodomain and a chromoshadow domain. p28 also shares features with linke...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Huang H,Wiley EA,Lending CR,Allis CD

更新日期：1998-11-10 00:00:00

abstract：:Pseudomonas aeruginosa is an opportunistic pathogen that requires preexisiting epithelial injury to cause acute infections. We report that P. aeruginosa inhibits mammalian cytokinesis in a type III secretion system and exotoxin T (ExoT)-dependent manner. ExoT is a bifunctional type III secretion system effector protei...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Shafikhani SH,Engel J

更新日期：2006-10-17 00:00:00

abstract：:Poly(A)+ mRNA was isolated from the brains of C57BL/6J (B6), DBA/2J (D2), and F1 hybrid mice (B6 X D2) of 16-17 days of age. The yield of polysomal RNA, both poly(A)+ and poly(A)-, from the three strains of mice was comparable. When translated in vitro in a reticulocyte lysate system, the mRNA preparations had the sam...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Miskimins R,Ebato H,Seyfried TN,Yu RK

更新日期：1986-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Clathrin-coated vesicles are known to be involved in the transport of proteins from the Golgi to the vacuole in plant cells. The mechanisms by which proteins are directed into this pathway are not known. Here we identify an integral membrane protein of approximately 80 kDa, extracted from clathrin-coated vesicles of d...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Kirsch T,Paris N,Butler JM,Beevers L,Rogers JC

更新日期：1994-04-12 00:00:00

abstract：:Protecting hydrologic connectivity of freshwater ecosystems is fundamental to ensuring species persistence, ecosystem integrity, and human well-being. More frequent and severe droughts associated with climate change are poised to significantly alter flow intermittence patterns and hydrologic connectivity in dryland st...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Jaeger KL,Olden JD,Pelland NA

更新日期：2014-09-23 00:00:00

abstract：:We study static and dynamical properties that distinguish 2D crystals constrained to lie on a curved substrate from their flat-space counterparts. A generic mechanism of dislocation unbinding in the presence of varying Gaussian curvature is presented in the context of a model surface amenable to full analytical treatm...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Vitelli V,Lucks JB,Nelson DR

更新日期：2006-08-15 00:00:00

abstract：:The exotoxins produced by certain strains of Staphylococcus aureus are able to stimulate powerful polyclonal proliferative responses and to induce nonresponsiveness by clonal deletion of T lymphocytes expressing the appropriate T-cell antigen receptor V beta gene products. This paper examines the ability of S. aureus ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： O'Hehir RE,Lamb JR

更新日期：1990-11-01 00:00:00