Abstract：
:Individuals differ widely in cortisol output over the day and cortisol reactivity to challenge, both of which are relevant to disease risk. There is limited evidence concerning the heritability of these differences, so we evaluated the heritability of cortisol levels in the afternoon and cortisol reactivity using a twin design. The study involved 80 monozygotic (MZ) and 70 dizygotic (DZ) same-sex twin pairs aged 11.2 years on average. Salivary cortisol was measured in the afternoon at home before and after playing a computer game. Ratings of excitement and upset were also obtained, and objective task performance was assessed. Salivary cortisol levels averaged 4.08 (S.D. 2.3) nmol/l at pretask baseline, and declined on average over the session to 3.45 (1.9) nmol/l immediately after the tasks and 2.87 (1.6) nmol/l 10min later. There were, however, marked individual differences, with cortisol reactivity (difference between pretask baseline and post-task 1) ranging from +4.53 to -6.23nmol/l. Intra-class correlations for all the cortisol parameters were substantially greater for MZ (range 0.41-0.57) than for DZ (0.11-0.29) twin pairs. Quantitative genetic modelling confirmed significant heritability for pretask baseline cortisol (58%), the two post-task values (60 and 56%), and cortisol reactivity (44%). The study lacked power for assessing sex differences. Subjective reports of excitement were also somewhat heritable, but there was little covariation of cortisol and subjective responses, so genetic influences on covariation could not be tested. These findings indicate that individual differences in children's cortisol levels recorded before tasks and cortisol reactivity to behavioural challenges are influenced by genetic factors.
journal_name
Psychoneuroendocrinologyjournal_title
Psychoneuroendocrinologyauthors
Steptoe A,van Jaarsveld CHM,Semmler C,Plomin R,Wardle Jdoi
10.1016/j.psyneuen.2008.09.006subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2009-02-01 00:00:00pages
273-280issue
2eissn
0306-4530issn
1873-3360pii
S0306-4530(08)00248-5journal_volume
34pub_type
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journal_title：Psychoneuroendocrinology
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journal_title：Psychoneuroendocrinology
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pub_type： 杂志文章
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pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
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pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
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更新日期：2010-11-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Psychoneuroendocrinology
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
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pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
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