Abstract:
:Fat tissue plays an important role in the regulation of inflammatory processes. Increased visceral fat has been associated with a higher production of cytokines that triggers a low-grade inflammatory response, which eventually may contribute to the development of insulin resistance. In the present study, we investigated whether glycine, an amino acid that represses the expression in vitro of pro-inflammatory cytokines in Kupffer and 3T3-L1 cells, can affect in vivo cytokine production in lean and monosodium glutamate-induced obese mice (MSG/Ob mice). Our data demonstrate that glycine treatment in lean mice suppressed TNF-alpha transcriptional expression in fat tissue, and serum protein levels of IL-6 were suppressed, while adiponectin levels were increased. In MSG/Ob mice, glycine suppressed TNF-alpha and IL-6 gene expression in fat tissue and significantly reduced protein levels of IL-6, resistin and leptin. To determine the role of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma (PPAR-gamma) in the modulation of this inflammatory response evoked by glycine, we examined its expression levels in fat tissue. Glycine clearly increased PPAR-gamma expression in lean mice but not in MSG/Ob mice. Finally, to identify alterations in glucose metabolism by glycine, we also examined insulin levels and other biochemical parameters during an oral glucose tolerance test. Glycine significantly reduced glucose tolerance and raised insulin levels in lean but not in obese mice. In conclusion, our findings suggest that glycine suppresses the pro-inflammatory cytokines production and increases adiponectin secretion in vivo through the activation of PPAR-gamma. Glycine might prevent insulin resistance and associated inflammatory diseases.
journal_name
Eur J Pharmacoljournal_title
European journal of pharmacologyauthors
Alarcon-Aguilar FJ,Almanza-Perez J,Blancas G,Angeles S,Garcia-Macedo R,Roman R,Cruz Mdoi
10.1016/j.ejphar.2008.09.047subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2008-12-03 00:00:00pages
152-8issue
1-3eissn
0014-2999issn
1879-0712pii
S0014-2999(08)01017-0journal_volume
599pub_type
杂志文章abstract::The effects of 4-aminopyridine (4-AP) on basal and glucose-induced insulin secretion and on plasma glucose concentrations were investigated in vivo in intact mice and in mice subjected to surgical adrenalectomy plus chemical sympathectomy induced by 6-hydroxydopamine. In normal intact mice, an i.v. injection of 4-AP, ...
journal_title:European journal of pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0014-2999(81)90534-3
更新日期:1981-09-11 00:00:00
abstract::Infusion of renal side population (SP) cells, enriched with adult stem-like cells, can ameliorate acute renal failure. We investigated the effects of an angiotensin II type 1 (AT(1)) receptor antagonist, valsartan on SP cell changes in renal injury by ureteral obstruction. Renal SP fraction was reduced by 38%, and the...
journal_title:European journal of pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ejphar.2007.07.032
更新日期:2007-11-14 00:00:00
abstract::Atherosclerosis is a leading cause of death worldwide. It is a complex chronic inflammatory disease involving interactions between vascular, circulating and immune cells. B cells play an important role in chronic inflammation producing antibodies and regulating T and natural killer (NKT) cell activation. The role of B...
journal_title:European journal of pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.ejphar.2017.09.002
更新日期:2017-12-05 00:00:00
abstract::Increasing costs, much time consumption and high risk of failure associated with the process of de novo development of new anticancer drugs have prompted the pharmaceutical industry to seek alternative strategies that may facilitate and accelerate the whole process. In particular, the repurposing strategy, known also ...
journal_title:European journal of pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.ejphar.2019.172784
更新日期:2020-01-05 00:00:00
abstract::A simple dual detector coincidence system was used to measure the binding of [11C]carfentanil and [11C]diprenorphine to opiate receptors in normal volunteers before and after the administration of naloxone. Total radioactivity without naloxone and the ratio of total/non-specific radioactivity was 2 times greater for [...
journal_title:European journal of pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0014-2999(94)90712-9
更新日期:1994-05-12 00:00:00
abstract::Amputation of the mouse tail tip (2.5 cm) caused long term thermal and mechanical hyperalgesia in the remaining part of the tail. Hyperalgesia of the hindpaw to noxious heat (55 degrees C) and cold (0 degrees C) stimuli were also observed. Hyperalgesia at both the tail and hindpaw had a rapid onset (< or = 30 min) and...
journal_title:European journal of pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0014-2999(98)00197-6
更新日期:1998-05-22 00:00:00
abstract::It has been previously demonstrated that selegiline, an irreversible monoamine oxidase B (MAO-B) inhibitor, potentiates glial reaction to injury and possesses some 'trophic-like' activities which do not depend on the inhibition of MAO-B and which are probably associated with the induction of astrocyte-derived neurotro...
journal_title:European journal of pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0014-2999(96)00593-6
更新日期:1996-11-07 00:00:00
abstract::The role of prostaglandins in the secretion of inhibin and oestradiol-17 beta was examined in immature female rats treated with equine chorionic gonadotrophin. Administration of prostaglandin (PG) F2 alpha to animals whose serum and ovarian levels of inhibin and oestradiol-17 beta had been suppressed by indomethacin g...
journal_title:European journal of pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0014-2999(93)90129-6
更新日期:1993-02-16 00:00:00
abstract::The putative imidazoline I(3) receptor antagonist 2-(2-ethyl-2,3-dihydrobenzo[b]furan-2-yl)-1H-imidazole (KU14R) has been shown to block the effects of the atypical I(3) agonist efaroxan at the level of the ATP-sensitive K(+) (K(ATP)) channel in isolated pancreatic islet beta cells, but its effects in vivo are not kno...
journal_title:European journal of pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0014-2999(02)02473-1
更新日期:2002-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Eating disorders constitute major medical health problems in the western world. Even though little is known about the mechanisms behind abnormal eating behavior, it has become clear that the central nervous system (CNS), particularly the hypothalamus, plays a significant role. The anorexic anx/anx mouse is a unique mo...
journal_title:European journal of pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.ejphar.2003.08.104
更新日期:2003-11-07 00:00:00
abstract::We characterized the acute effects of oxidized low-density lipoproteins (oxidized-LDL) on vascular reactivity in isolated aorta from wild-type C57BL/6J mice, and compared these with the chronic alterations in vascular function observed in apolipoprotein-E gene knockout [ApoE(-/-)] mice fed a high-fat diet, which resul...
journal_title:European journal of pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0014-2999(01)01140-2
更新日期:2001-07-20 00:00:00
abstract::It has been shown previously that both forms of interleukin-1, 1 alpha and 1 beta, produce dose-dependent relaxation of the rat gastric fundus in vitro, accompanied by an increased production and release of eicosanoids. This effect appears to be mediated, at least in part, by leukotrienes, since the inhibition of 5-li...
journal_title:European journal of pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0014-2999(94)00730-u
更新日期:1995-02-24 00:00:00
abstract::Rats were injected with 15 mg/kg (i.p.) mianserin or vehicle (saline) for 4, 10 or 21 days and 5-HT2 receptor binding and mRNA levels measured. Treatment with mianserin induced a substantial decrease in 5-HT2 radioligand binding (44-59% decrease; P less than 0.05 vs. control). No changes in the amount of 5-HT2 or, as ...
journal_title:European journal of pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0922-4106(91)90093-w
更新日期:1991-06-19 00:00:00
abstract::Acid-sensing ion channels (ASICs) are involved in numerous physiological and pathological processes in the central nervous system. Development of pharmacological tools capable to inhibit or potentiate these channels is important for our knowledge about roles of ASICs in the neuronal network and can be promising for tr...
journal_title:European journal of pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ejphar.2016.06.013
更新日期:2016-10-05 00:00:00
abstract::The effects of three K+ channel openers on lysozyme output from submucosal gland serous cells and epithelial albumin transport following maintained submaximal stimulation by the secretagogues methacholine and phenylephrine were examined in the ferret trachea in vitro preparation. The K+ channel openers Ro 31-6930, 2-(...
journal_title:European journal of pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0014-2999(95)00215-7
更新日期:1995-07-14 00:00:00
abstract::Cerebral ischemia impairs physiological form of synaptic plasticity such as long-term potentiation (LTP). Clinical symptoms of cognitive dysfunction resulting from cerebral ischemia are associated with neuron loss and synaptic function impairment in hippocampus. It has been widely reported that cordycepin displays neu...
journal_title:European journal of pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ejphar.2019.04.015
更新日期:2019-06-15 00:00:00
abstract::Stress and renewed contact with drug (a "slip") have been linked to persisting relapse of methamphetamine abuse. Human brain microglial activation has been linked with methamphetamine abuse, and inhibitors of glial cell activation, certain phosphodiesterase (PDE) inhibitors, and glial cell derived neurotrophic factor ...
journal_title:European journal of pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ejphar.2010.04.010
更新日期:2010-07-10 00:00:00
abstract::Achondroplasia, results from a mutation in the FGF receptor type 3, leading to receptor hyperactivation and subsequent amplification of FGF receptor type 3 signals. We have tested the ability of pyridoxal-5'-phosphate-6-azophenyl-2', 4'-disulfonate (PPADS) to decrease the overactivation and signalling of FGF receptor ...
journal_title:European journal of pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ejphar.2008.02.002
更新日期:2008-04-14 00:00:00
abstract::Exposure to cold (4 degrees C) of catheterized rats acclimated to 20 degrees C resulted in a progressive increase in plasma noradrenaline (NA) concentrations which reached values consistently more than twice the basal ones (20 degrees C) by about 30 min. No further increase in plasma NA levels were detected when the c...
journal_title:European journal of pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0014-2999(81)90478-7
更新日期:1981-01-29 00:00:00
abstract::Using the curve-shift method, we studied the effects of four doses (0.003, 0.03, 0.3 and 3 mg/kg, s.c.) of granisetron (endo-N-(9-methyl-9-azabicyclo[3.3.1]non-3-yl)-1-methyl-1H-indazole-3- carboxamide hydrochloride), a selective 5-hydroxytryptamine3 (5-HT3) receptor antagonist, on the potentiation of brain stimulatio...
journal_title:European journal of pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0014-2999(95)00497-1
更新日期:1995-12-20 00:00:00
abstract::59Fe was incorporated in vivo into intestinal sacs prepared in iron deficient rats and 59Fe counts were detected in blood, spleen, liver, femur and intestine. The i.v. injection of isoproterenol (i.v. 2 micrograms/rat) or N',O'-dibutyryladenosine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphate (10 microM/100 g b.w.) enhanced significantly...
journal_title:European journal of pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0014-2999(84)90015-3
更新日期:1984-05-04 00:00:00
abstract::The effects of protein kinase C (PKC) activators on gamma-aminoburyric acid (GABA) rho 1 receptor function were studied in rho 1 -expressing Xenopus oocytes. The PKC activator phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) but not the inactive analog phorbol 12-mono-myristate inhibited the GABA-gated chloride currents. Mezerei...
journal_title:European journal of pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0922-4106(95)90086-1
更新日期:1995-11-30 00:00:00
abstract::The use-dependent effects of bunazosin on the maximal rate of rise (Vmax) of the action potential and conduction velocity were studied in isolated papillary muscles of guinea-pig. Standard microelectrode techniques were used to monitor the conduction and action potential of the muscles. In the presence of 30 microM bu...
journal_title:European journal of pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0014-2999(90)94170-3
更新日期:1990-12-04 00:00:00
abstract::Cyclosporin A is shown to attenuate antinociceptive effects of morphine, development and expression of morphine-induced tolerance and dependency via nitric oxide (NO) pathway. In the present study, the effect of systemic cyclosporin A on morphine-induced conditioned place preference (CPP) and the probable involvement ...
journal_title:European journal of pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ejphar.2004.11.025
更新日期:2005-01-10 00:00:00
abstract::The cyclic peptide urotensin II has recently been cloned from human and reported to potently constrict primate blood vessels. To elucidate the cellular signalling mechanisms of this peptide, we investigated a possible relationship of vasomotor effects of human urotensin II and phosphoinositide turnover in isolated rab...
journal_title:European journal of pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0014-2999(00)00672-5
更新日期:2000-10-13 00:00:00
abstract::In cardiac muscle cells both T-and L-type Ca(2+) channels (TTCCs and LTCCs, respectively) are expressed, and the latter are relevant to a process known as excitation-contraction coupling (ECC). Evidence obtained from docking studies suggests that isoindolines derived from α-amino acids bind to the LTCC CaV1.2. In the ...
journal_title:European journal of pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ejphar.2016.04.027
更新日期:2016-06-15 00:00:00
abstract::We have investigated the cardiac and pressor responses to (±)-ephedrine and (-)-ephedrine in pentobarbitone anaesthetized male wistar rats. The tachycardiac responses to (±)- and (-)-ephedrine were similar, but pressor responses to (-)-ephedrine (10 mg/kg) were significantly greater than those to (±)-ephedrine, and fo...
journal_title:European journal of pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ejphar.2018.02.021
更新日期:2018-04-15 00:00:00
abstract::This study was purposed to explore the mechanism of augmenting apoptosis-inducing effects of cisplatin on colorectal cancer SW480 cells by stable transfection of Programmed Cell Death 5 (PDCD5) gene, both in vitro and in vivo. The expression level of PDCD5 of SW480 cells stably transfected with PDCD5 (SW480/PDCD5) and...
journal_title:European journal of pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ejphar.2010.09.040
更新日期:2010-12-15 00:00:00
abstract::Overproduction of the free radical nitric oxide (NO) has been implicated in the pathogenesis of a variety of inflammatory and immunologically mediated diseases as well as complications of diabetes. In the present study we have demonstrated that aminoguanidine selectively inhibits the cytokine-inducible isoform of NO s...
journal_title:European journal of pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0014-2999(93)90357-n
更新日期:1993-03-16 00:00:00
abstract::Here we provide the first pharmacological exploration of the impact of acute central nervous system exposure to three recently developed ghrelin receptor (GHS-R1A) ligands on food intake and on the electrical activity of the target cells for ghrelin in the hypothalamus. Central (i.c.v) injection of GHS-R1A antagonists...
journal_title:European journal of pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ejphar.2009.03.066
更新日期:2009-06-10 00:00:00