Abstract：
OBJECTIVES:To examine all case reports and studies of empty follicle syndrome (EFS) that have been published since the condition was first reported, in an attempt to identify trends or common features that may expose possible risk or causative factors. DESIGN:Systematic review of all available literature obtained from PubMed, Ovid, and Embase. SETTING:Academic unit. PATIENT(S):Review of all published case reports and case studies. INTERVENTION(S):All original work was assessed and labeled as "genuine" or "false" EFS according to set definitions. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S):Genuine and false EFS. We defined genuine EFS as a failure to retrieve oocytes from mature ovarian follicles after ovarian stimulation for IVF after apparently normal follicular development and steroidogenesis in the presence of optimal beta-hCG levels on the day of oocyte retrieval. False EFS included all cases in which this definition cannot apply and often in which human error or a pharmaceutical inaccuracy has occurred. RESULT(S):By classifying all cases of EFS as "genuine" or "false" according to stated definitions, it was evident that a much greater proportion of cases of reported EFS, 67%, occurred as a result of human error and that "genuine empty follicle syndrome" is an even rarer event than previously presumed. CONCLUSION(S):Our report highlights the value of classifying cases of EFS as "genuine" or "false" and shows that more epidemiological data are required of "genuine" EFS cases to develop a clearer picture of the possible etiology.
journal_name
Fertil Steriljournal_title
Fertility and sterilityauthors
Stevenson TL,Lashen Hdoi
10.1016/j.fertnstert.2007.07.1312subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2008-09-01 00:00:00pages
691-8issue
3eissn
0015-0282issn
1556-5653pii
S0015-0282(07)02949-4journal_volume
90pub_type
杂志文章,meta分析,评审abstract：OBJECTIVE:To study the distribution and progression of terminal hair growth in pregnant women and to determine the feasibility of a simplified scoring system for assessing hirsutism. DESIGN:Prospective follow-up observational study. SETTING:Academic hospital. PATIENT(S):A total of 115 pregnant women (discovery cohor...
journal_title：Fertility and sterility
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.fertnstert.2015.10.036
更新日期：2016-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:To assess whether heart rate variability (HRV) at rest and during sympathetic stimulation is disturbed in patients with different polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) phenotypes in comparison to healthy controls. DESIGN:Cross-sectional study. SETTING:University hospital. PATIENT(S):Thirty women with classic, a...
journal_title：Fertility and sterility
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.fertnstert.2012.08.049
更新日期：2013-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:To study the effect of letrozole (Let) and anastrozole (Anas) on apoptosis and cell proliferation in epithelial endometrial cells (EEC) from patients with endometriosis (EDT). DESIGN:Prospective study. SETTING:Research institute and clinical fertility center. PATIENT(S):Eighteen women with untreated EDT. ...
journal_title：Fertility and sterility
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.fertnstert.2005.01.137
更新日期：2005-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:To estimate the potential annual cost savings of methotrexate (MTX) therapy for ectopic pregnancy (EP) at our institution and nationally. DESIGN:Retrospective. SETTING:San Francisco General Hospital. PATIENTS:All patients treated for EP in 1991. INTERVENTIONS:Medical records and billing statements were re...
journal_title：Fertility and sterility
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1993-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:To investigate the effect of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) injection into the testes on spermatogenesis and apoptosis in a varicocele-induced adolescent rat model. SETTING:University hospital urology research laboratory. ANIMAL(S):Six-week-old male Wistar rats (n = 32). INTERVENTION:The rats we...
journal_title：Fertility and sterility
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.fertnstert.2008.06.008
更新日期：2009-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVES:To test the hypothesis that fertility is reduced in baboons with endometriosis. DESIGN:Prospective controlled follow-up study. SETTING:Institute of Primate Research, Nairobi Kenya. SUBJECTS:Seventy-one baboons, including 34 controls (normal pelvis) and 37 animals with histologically proven endometriosis (...
journal_title：Fertility and sterility
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1996-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:To investigate the slope of linear regression of postevacuation serum hCG as an independent risk factor for postmolar gestational trophoblastic neoplasia (GTN). DESIGN:Multicenter retrospective cohort study. SETTING:Academic referral health care centers. PATIENT(S):All subjects with confirmed hydatidiform ...
journal_title：Fertility and sterility
pub_type： 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi：10.1016/j.fertnstert.2015.06.001
更新日期：2015-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:To determine if adult human endometrium possesses an intact müllerian-inhibiting substance (MIS) signal transduction system and, if so, whether MIS can modulate endometrial cell viability. DESIGN:Adult human endometrial tissue was subjected to reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) analysis...
journal_title：Fertility and sterility
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.fertnstert.2008.01.028
更新日期：2009-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A case of a genital tuberculosis found during laparoscopic evaluation for recurrent acute pelvic pain is presented. The symptoms of genital tuberculosis can vary greatly, and a laparoscopic approach is effective for making the diagnosis. Clinicians should consider tuberculosis as a differential diagnosis when encounte...
journal_title：Fertility and sterility
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.fertnstert.2007.09.063
更新日期：2008-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Luteal phase defect (LPD) accounts for a significant proportion of reproductive disorders, however its etiology is still debated. A prospective study was performed on 37 ovulatory women to determine whether LPD can occur in cycles characterized by completely normal folliculogenesis. Criteria for normal folliculogenesi...
journal_title：Fertility and sterility
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0015-0282(16)53152-5
更新日期：1989-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The authors compared the three most commonly used sperm preparation techniques--swim-up, fall-down, and Percoll gradient--for their ability to recover highly motile sperm and minimize bacterial contamination. Eleven human semen samples collected by masturbation were used and run in parallel with the three methods. A s...
journal_title：Fertility and sterility
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0015-0282(16)59481-3
更新日期：1987-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Discrepancies about a possible relationship between prothrombotic mutations and a decreased uteroplacental blood flow are present in literature. We prospectively evaluated a cohort of pregnant women (n = 41) with bilateral uterine artery notches and found that women with inherited thrombophilia showed a sixfold higher...
journal_title：Fertility and sterility
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.fertnstert.2006.01.038
更新日期：2006-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:To determine whether the known inactivating FSH receptor gene mutations are present in Japanese women with secondary amenorrhea because of premature ovarian failure (POF) and polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). DESIGN:Clinical and molecular studies. SETTING:An outpatient clinic in a university hospital. PATI...
journal_title：Fertility and sterility
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0015-0282(00)01673-3
更新日期：2001-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:To study the effects of varicocele on testicular function in adolescents. DESIGN:A prospective controlled study in 88 randomly selected adolescents. SETTING:All participants were referred to the fertility outpatient clinic of our University Hospital. PARTICIPANTS:All participants with a grade II varicocele...
journal_title：Fertility and sterility
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0015-0282(16)54607-x
更新日期：1991-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:To investigate relationships between cumulus-oocyte complex (COC) morphology, protein patterns of cumulus-corona (CC) cell-conditioned media, and pregnancy outcome in IVF-ET cycles. DESIGN:Retrospective study. SETTING:Private university IVF center. PATIENT(S):One hundred twenty infertile women who underwen...
journal_title：Fertility and sterility
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0015-0282(01)01754-x
更新日期：2001-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:hCG levels in cul-de-sac and peripheral blood in patients with ectopic pregnancies were studied. hCG levels were significantly higher in the cul-de-sac blood than in peripheral blood (P less than 0.01). The high hCG level in the cul-de-sac blood was not due to interference by proteolytic enzymes in cul-de-sac blood si...
journal_title：Fertility and sterility
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0015-0282(16)59671-x
更新日期：1988-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:To compare the clinical outcome of controlled ovarian hyperstimulation (COH) in unselected patients undergoing IVF using multidose ganirelix acetate versus 4 days of administration of leuprolide acetate. DESIGN:Retrospective cohort study. SETTING:A fertility and IVF center. PATIENT(S):Two hundred forty-sev...
journal_title：Fertility and sterility
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0015-0282(03)00500-4
更新日期：2003-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Two successive intranasal doses (300 micrograms at 8:00 A.M. and 6:00 P.M.) of the luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LH-RH) agonist (D-Ser[TBU]6-des-Gly-NH2(10))LH-RH ethylamide (Buserelin) were administered on days 1 to 10 after the midcycle luteinizing hormone (LH) surge in 33 normally cycling women. Maximal st...
journal_title：Fertility and sterility
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0015-0282(16)47062-7
更新日期：1983-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:To further define the role of CO2 laser in infertility surgery, the authors compared the immediate tissue damage and the subsequent healing patterns that followed the randomized use of CO2 laser and electrocautery on opposite sides of the reproductive tracts of 20 mature, female rabbits. Blind histopathologic evaluati...
journal_title：Fertility and sterility
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0015-0282(16)59603-4
更新日期：1987-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:To evaluate whether intrauterine injection of hCG before embryo transfer can improve IVF-ET outcomes. DESIGN:Meta-analysis. SETTING:Not applicable. PATIENT(S):Infertile women who underwent IVF-ET and received an intrauterine injection of hCG before ET. INTERVENTION(S):Infertile women treated with or witho...
journal_title：Fertility and sterility
pub_type： 杂志文章,meta分析,评审
doi：10.1016/j.fertnstert.2019.02.027
更新日期：2019-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:To report a case of hyperreactio luteinalis (HL) with elevated levels of human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) and a severe imbalance of angiogenic factors, which developed into severe, early onset preeclampsia (PE). DESIGN:Case report. SETTING:University perinatal center. PATIENT(S):A 32-year-old primigravid...
journal_title：Fertility and sterility
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.fertnstert.2009.04.002
更新日期：2009-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:To investigate the expression pattern of proinflammatory, anti-inflammatory, and angiogenic cytokines and their effect on various mediators of endometrial receptivity in women with idiopathic recurrent spontaneous miscarriage (IRSM). DESIGN:A prospective study. SETTING:Tertiary care hospital and reproductiv...
journal_title：Fertility and sterility
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.fertnstert.2012.08.034
更新日期：2013-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:To report on experience in the United States with a monophasic oral contraceptive (OC) containing 150 micrograms desogestrel and 30 micrograms ethinyl E2 (EE). The results of a multicenter evaluation of efficacy, cycle control, and safety over 6 months of exposure using a "Sunday start" regimen is evaluated. ...
journal_title：Fertility and sterility
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,多中心研究
doi：10.1016/s0015-0282(16)57720-6
更新日期：1995-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Cell proliferation of endometrial stromal cells treated with peritoneal fluid of women (aged 25 to 43 years) with endometriosis (n = 12) statistically significantly increased compared with the control treatment (peritoneal fluid of women without endometriosis, n = 8). Also, COX-2 gene expression and prostaglandin E(2)...
journal_title：Fertility and sterility
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.fertnstert.2010.11.039
更新日期：2011-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A specially designed rigid salpingoscope has been developed to allow inspection of the tubal mucosa during laparoscopy. The presence and extent of intratubal adhesion formation can be evaluated more accurately by this technique than by either HSG or laparoscopy. In 22 patients with bilateral hydrosalpinges, an intraut...
journal_title：Fertility and sterility
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0015-0282(16)60501-0
更新日期：1989-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Cell-mediated immunity in rhesus monkeys that had been vasectomized for 2, 4, 7, or 11 years was measured by lymphocyte blastogenesis following stimulation with concanavalin A, phytohemagglutinin (PHA), and pokeweed mitogens. Several of the 7- and 11-year vasectomized animals had significantly reduced PHA reactivity w...
journal_title：Fertility and sterility
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0015-0282(16)42983-3
更新日期：1977-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A 26-year-old patient underwent pelvic lymphadenectomy and trachelectomy because of cervical cancer stage IB. Later she developed symptoms from obturator nerve entrapment. Examinations could not reveal metastatic cancer disease, but endometriosis surrounding the obturator nerve was discovered. Laparoscopic removal of ...
journal_title：Fertility and sterility
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.fertnstert.2008.03.024
更新日期：2009-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:To describe ovulation induction and pregnancy outcome in a unique model of genetically determined combined pituitary hormone deficiency (CPHD), with respect to the necessity for GH substitution therapy. DESIGN:Case report. SETTING:Academic units. PATIENT(S):Two patients with childhood onset of CPHD (GH, PR...
journal_title：Fertility and sterility
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.fertnstert.2004.03.026
更新日期：2004-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This statement explores the implications of reproduction by single individuals, unmarried heterosexual couples, and gay and lesbian couples, and concludes that ethical arguments supporting denial of access to fertility services on the basis of marital status or sexual orientation cannot be justified. This document rep...
journal_title：Fertility and sterility
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.fertnstert.2013.08.042
更新日期：2013-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:To assess the efficiency of two vitrification protocols to cryopreserve human preantral follicles with the use of a xenografting model. DESIGN:Pilot study. SETTING:Gynecology research unit in a university hospital. PATIENT(S):Ovarian biopsies were obtained from seven women aged 30-41 years. INTERVENTION(S...
journal_title：Fertility and sterility
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.fertnstert.2012.07.1109
更新日期：2012-11-01 00:00:00
