Abstract：
:Sensitivity to binocular positional mismatch was evaluated in cat striate cortical neurones, for paired, dichoptically presented, moving sine-wave gratings whose interocular positional phase relationship was varied. Spatial frequency, orientation and velocity were optimized for each neurone. Binocular responses for each spatial phase were compared with monocular stimulation of either eye. Binocular responses ranged from facilitation, through complete or partial summation, to partial or binocular occlusion. Counter to previous reports, all functional classes of neurones (simple neurones; special, intermediate and standard complex neurones) were represented in phase-specific and phase-insensitive groups. Most simple neurones, together with a small minority of standard complex neurones, exhibited near-total phase-sensitive modulation, the most significant new finding being that a minority of simple neurones were relatively insensitive to binocular mismatch. The majority of complex neurones, of all types, showed shallower modulation depths (typically around 30%), distributed in a continuum, with no indication of bimodality. It is concluded that the property of positional sensitivity is not attributable solely to simple neurones; and that positional insensitivity is not seen only in complex neurones. At least some neurones of all functional categories evince either kind of behaviour. These results are interpreted as a two-stage mechanism for convergence and matching of inputs from the two eyes.
journal_name
Exp Brain Resjournal_title
Experimental brain researchauthors
Hammond Pdoi
10.1007/BF00227086subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1991-01-01 00:00:00pages
615-23issue
3eissn
0014-4819issn
1432-1106journal_volume
87pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:In recordings from two awake, behaving macaque monkeys we found that neurons in the crown of the prelunate gyrus differed in their responsiveness to simple visual stimuli. Neurons in the posterior part of the gyrus (area V4) responded strongly to stationary or moving bars, while neurons in the anterior part (area V4A)...
journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00221-002-1112-y
更新日期：2002-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Our previous study showed that a fully flexed or extended hand became perceived as an extended or flexed 'phantom' hand as ischemic anesthesia progressed (Inui et al. in J Physiol 589:5775-5784, 2011). Here, we examined what happened if the hand was held in the midposition before and during the anesthesia. Twenty heal...
journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00221-012-3040-9
更新日期：2012-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The review summarises current evidence on the cognitive mechanisms for the integration of spatial and temporal representations and of common brain structures to process the where and when of stimuli. Psychophysical experiments document the presence of spatially localised distortions of sub-second time intervals and su...
journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s00221-009-1834-1
更新日期：2009-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The gap effect refers to the finding that saccadic latencies are typically reduced when a fixation point is removed prior to the appearance of a peripheral target. This reduction in saccadic reaction time (SacRT) is thought to be due to a general warning effect and an oculomotor specific fixation offset that occur whe...
journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s002219900243
更新日期：2000-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The objectives of this study were to determine whether changes in electromyographic (EMG) responses observed during prolonged intracortical microstimulation (ICMS) were due to local plasticity of the motor system or to global changes in the preparation. Local effects would be expressed as changes only along the activa...
journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00242909
更新日期：1996-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We investigated the post-train effects of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) on motor evoked potential (MEP) size and cortical silent period (SP) duration. rTMS was delivered over the primary motor cortex in trains of 5, 10, 20, 40 and 60 stimuli in normal subjects at rest and in trains of 5, 10 and 2...
journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00221-006-0638-9
更新日期：2007-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The time course of the microglial cell reaction in central nervous system primary sensory projection territories has been examined following peripheral nerve injury in the adult rat using qualitative and quantitative analysis of immunoreactivity with the monoclonal antibody OX-42, which recognises the complement recep...
journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00230435
更新日期：1993-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In the present study, we investigated topographical differences between monocularly and binocularly evoked potential fields related to the retinal location and spatial frequency of grating stimuli. Electrical brain activity was recorded in 18 healthy adults using an array of 21 electrodes over the occipital areas. Ver...
journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00229366
更新日期：1993-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The effects of an opioid receptor antagonist, naloxone (NAL), were studied on the changes in pituitary hormone secretion induced by emotional stress. Male Wistar rats were trained with tone stimuli paired with electric footshocks and tested with the tone and environmental cue signals for emotional stress of fear acqui...
journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00230100
更新日期：1990-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Previous work has shown that motoneurone excitability is enhanced by a hyperpolarization of the membrane potential at which an action potential is initiated (V(th)) at the onset, and throughout brainstem-evoked fictive locomotion in the adult decerebrate cat and neonatal rat. Modeling work has suggested the modulation...
journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00221-011-2994-3
更新日期：2012-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Short interval intracortical inhibition (SICI) is a common paired-pulse TMS technique that is used to measure GABAa-ergic inhibition in the cerebral motor cortex. However, inhibition evaluated with an interstimulus interval (ISI) between the TMS pulses of 2.5 ms has quite different properties from that seen at 1 ms. I...
journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00221-012-3369-0
更新日期：2013-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Stroke is one of the leading causes of mortality and morbidity in advanced countries of the world. Despite the fact that reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (ROS and RNS) are the by-products of normal metabolic processes and mediate important physiological processes, they can inflict damage to the cell if produced in...
journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s00221-007-1050-9
更新日期：2007-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A photograph of an action contains implicit information about the depicted motion. Previous studies using either psychophysics or neuroimaging suggested that the neural processing of implied-motion images shares some features of real-motion processing. According to the hypothesis that the target depicted in photograph...
journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00221-011-2598-y
更新日期：2011-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This investigation aimed at assessing the extent to which memory from practice in a specific condition of target displacement modulates temporal errors and movement timing of interceptive movements. We compared two groups practicing with certainty of future target velocity either in unchanged target velocity or in tar...
journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00221-011-2657-4
更新日期：2011-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The electrophysiological properties of neurons of the medial septal nucleus and the nucleus of the diagnonal band of Broca (MS/DB) were studied using intracellular methods in urethane-anesthetized rats. Three types of rhythmically bursting neurons were identified in vivo on the basis of their action potential shapes a...
journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/pl00005653
更新日期：1997-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Pain catastrophizing has been associated with phantom limb pain, but so far the cortical processes and the brain regions involved in this relationship have not been investigated. It was therefore tested whether catastrophizing was related to (1) spontaneous pain, (2) somatosensory activity and (3) cortical responses i...
journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00221-012-3027-6
更新日期：2012-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We have tested the hypothesis that complex cell receptive fields are made up of subfields which, for a given cell, have either exclusively even or exclusively odd symmetry. To do this we have measured the response of complex cells in the visual cortex of the cat to members of pairs of spatially limited even-symmetric ...
journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00248791
更新日期：1987-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The authors determined the effects of changes in task demands on interpersonal and intrapersonal coordination. Participants performed a joint task in which one participant held a stick to which a circle was attached at the top (holding role), while the other held a pointer through the circle without touching its borde...
journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00221-011-2653-8
更新日期：2011-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The smooth pursuit system moves the eyes in space accurately while compensating for visual inputs from the moving background and/or vestibular inputs during head movements. To understand the mechanisms underlying such interactions, we examined the influence of a stationary textured visual background on smooth pursuit ...
journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00221-002-1367-3
更新日期：2003-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:To explore visual space, we make saccades, vergence, and, most frequently, combined saccade-vergence eye movements. The initiation of saccades is well studied, while that of vergence is less explored. Saccade latency is influenced by the fixation task: when the target appears simultaneously with the offset of the fixa...
journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00221-003-1670-7
更新日期：2004-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The blood-brain barrier (BBB) arises from epithelial-like tight junctions that virtually cement adjoining capillary endothelium together in the brain microvasculature. Several experimental manipulations have been shown able to increase the permeability of brain capillaries, by altering endothelial cell membrane integr...
journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/pl00005725
更新日期：1997-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Sinusoidal translation while rotating at constant angular velocity about a vertical axis (translation while rotating, TWR) produces centripetal and translational accelerations along the direction of translation and an orthogonal Coriolis acceleration due to the translation in the rotating frame. Thus, a Coriolis accel...
journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00221-004-2178-5
更新日期：2005-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Postural instability evokes cortical and autonomic reactions in addition to the primary compensatory response, and it is hypothesized that these responses may be related to underlying affective influences such as tonic physiological arousal. The purpose of this study was to determine whether perturbation-evoked cortic...
journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00221-010-2257-8
更新日期：2010-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Rhythmic movement patterns between the hands in response to environmental signals are studied in normal (musicians and nonmusicians) and split-brain subjects. Only two phase-locked states - in-phase and anti-phase - are shown to be stable for all subjects. Split-brain subjects show an even greater attraction to these ...
journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00247936
更新日期：1989-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Intracerebroventricular kainate treatment in rats induces neuronal cell death, followed by proliferation and hypertrophy of glial cells in the lesioned area. To further understand the activated signal transduction pathways and to get insights into potential target gene activation, the present study aims to elucidate l...
journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s002219900329
更新日期：2000-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This paper reports an investigation of the magnitude and timing of the stretch reflex over the full range of activation of flexor carpi radialis. While it is well established that the magnitude of the reflex increases with the level of muscle activation, there have been few studies of reflex magnitude above 50% of max...
journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00221-004-1848-7
更新日期：2004-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Variations of the µ-opioid receptor gene OPRM1 have been shown to modulate pain perception with some evidence pointing towards a modulation of not only physical but also "psychological pain". In line with suggestions of a common neural network involved in the processing of physical pain and negative and distressing st...
journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00221-015-4322-9
更新日期：2015-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:To investigate the role of gravitational cues in the learning of a dynamic balancing task, we placed blindfolded subjects in a device programmed with inverted pendulum dynamics about the yaw axis. Subjects used a joystick to try and maintain a stable orientation at the direction of balance during 20 100 s-long trials....
journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00221-018-5216-4
更新日期：2018-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The whisker-to-barrel pathway of the adult mouse was used in a study on the effects of peripheral sensory deprivation on GAD-immunoreactivity in the somatosensory cortex. At varying periods of time after removal of a set of vibrissal follicles, mice were processed for immunohistochemistry using an antibody against GAD...
journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00247346
更新日期：1989-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Transient changes in extracellular potassium concentration ([K+]o) and field potentials were evoked by 4-aminopyridine (4-AP; 50-100 microM) and recorded with ion-selective microelectrodes in CA1b, CA3b and dentate sectors of adult rat hippocampal slices. Long-lasting field potentials recurred at a frequency of approx...
journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00228628
更新日期：1996-04-01 00:00:00
