Abstract:
:Postural instability evokes cortical and autonomic reactions in addition to the primary compensatory response, and it is hypothesized that these responses may be related to underlying affective influences such as tonic physiological arousal. The purpose of this study was to determine whether perturbation-evoked cortical potentials (N1 and P2) and electrodermal responses (EDRs) were related to each other or to tonic electrodermal level (EDL). Ten healthy individuals received sixty perturbations while standing at ground level (LOW) and at the edge of an elevated platform (HIGH), where an unsuccessful reaction could lead to a fall from a height of 160 cm. Postural responses, tonic EDLs and N1 potentials were all significantly larger (p < or = 0.01) at the HIGH height relative to LOW. EDR amplitudes did not show a main effect of condition, but habituated less at the HIGH height (interaction p = 0.04). P2 potentials were not different between conditions (p > 0.05). There was no statistically significant relationship between the magnitude of change in N1 amplitude between conditions and the change in EDR amplitude between conditions (R = 0.25, p = 0.5), between magnitude of N1 change and magnitude of EDL change (R = -0.23, p = 0.25), or between magnitude of EDR change and EDL change (R = -0.51, p = 0.16). Altered cortical and autonomic responses at the HIGH height were independent of elevated physiological arousal. These findings have implications for understanding the role of cortical and autonomic responses in compensatory balance control, and alleviate concerns about the potential influence of underlying arousal on electrodermal reactivity.
journal_name
Exp Brain Resjournal_title
Experimental brain researchauthors
Sibley KM,Mochizuki G,Frank JS,McIlroy WEdoi
10.1007/s00221-010-2257-8subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2010-06-01 00:00:00pages
533-40issue
3eissn
0014-4819issn
1432-1106journal_volume
203pub_type
杂志文章abstract::We have previously described a visual area situated in the cortex surrounding the deep infolding of the anterior ectosylvian sulcus of the cat (Mucke et al. 1982). Using orthograde and retrograde transport methods we now report anatomical evidence that this anterior ectosylvian visual area (AEV) is connected with a su...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00238842
更新日期:1986-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Human orientation in novel and familiar environments is a complex skill that can involve numerous different strategies. To date, a comprehensive account of how these strategies interrelate at the behavioural level has not been documented, impeding the development of elaborate systems neuroscience models of spatial ori...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00221-012-3316-0
更新日期:2013-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::There are a number of studies concerning difference of postural control following left or right hemisphere lesions. Few studies, however, compare the role of the right and left hemisphere in learning new postural tasks. This study aimed to address this question. Twenty patients with hemiparesis after ischemic stroke i...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00221-009-2091-z
更新日期:2010-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The characteristics of vibration-induced illusory joint movements were studied in healthy human subjects. Unseen by the subject, constant frequency vibration trains applied to the distal tendon of the Triceps or Biceps induced an almost constant velocity illusory movement of the elbow whose direction corresponded to t...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00239377
更新日期:1982-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::It has been reported that the 90° arm abduction force counteracting external adduction loads appeared to be smaller under teeth clenching condition than under non-clenching condition. To elucidate the physiological mechanism underlying the possible inhibitory effect of teeth clenching on the arm abduction, we have att...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00221-014-3919-8
更新日期:2014-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The output from a motor nucleus is determined by the synaptic input to the motor neurons and their intrinsic properties. Here, we explore whether the source of synaptic inputs to the motor neurons (cats) and the age or post-stroke conditions (humans) may change the recruitment gain of the motor neuron pool. In cats, t...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00221-019-05628-6
更新日期:2019-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The retinal positions of objects in the world change with each eye movement, but we seem to have little trouble keeping track of spatial information from one fixation to the next. We examined the role of attention in trans-saccadic localization by asking participants to localize targets while performing an attentional...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00221-014-4062-2
更新日期:2014-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Visual feedback is essential when minimizing force fluctuations. Varying degrees of somatotopic organization have been shown in different regions of the brain for the upper and lower extremities, and visual feedback may be processed differently based on the body effector where feedback-based corrections are used. This...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00221-009-1966-3
更新日期:2010-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Observations of neurons in dorsal horn laminae IV-VI of the lumbosacral segments of Golgi-stained spinal cords in kittens and adult cats revealed laminar differences in dendritic architecture. Many neurons in lamina IV had dense, bushy dendritic fields. Lamina V contained, in addition to bushy cells similar in appeara...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00237093
更新日期:1977-05-23 00:00:00
abstract::The effects of electrical stimulation within the midbrain on fusimotor output to the jaw elevator muscles were studied in anaesthetized cats. Muscle spindle afferents recorded in the mesencephalic trigeminal nucleus were categorised as primary or secondary by their responses to succinylcholine during sinusoidal or ram...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00227778
更新日期:1993-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The present experiments were designed to investigate the neuronal mechanisms, at the level of the primary somatosensory cortex, which underlie the observation that somatosensory cortical potentials evoked by air puff stimuli directed at the forearm are decreased, in a nonspecific and widespread manner, during voluntar...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00231455
更新日期:1991-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Limb proprioception is an awareness by the central nervous system (CNS) of the location of a limb in three-dimensional space and is essential for movement and postural control. The CNS uses the position of the head and neck when interpreting the position of the upper limb, and altered input from neck muscles may affec...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00221-015-4240-x
更新日期:2015-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Generally, increases in cortical activity go in parallel with negative shifts and decreases with positive shifts of cortical d.c. potentials. The aim of the present investigation was to test the effects of the inhibitory transmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) and of GABA receptor agonists on cortical d.c. potentia...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/pl00005614
更新日期:1997-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The fluorescent double-labeling technique has been used to determine whether the corticopontine and the corticotectal fibers in the cat are derived from two different sets of neurons or whether they are derived from branching neurons which distribute collaterals to the pontine grey and the colliculi. After unilateral ...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00269447
更新日期:1987-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Electrophysiological methods were employed to study the axonal properties of the neurons of anterior olfactory nucleus (AON), transition zone (TZ), and rostral prepyriform cortex (RPPC) and their projections towards the ipsilateral and contralateral olfactory bulb (IOB, COB) in the rat. Of 91 antidromically driven cel...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00237113
更新日期:1980-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Previous work has shown that motor learning is associated with changes to both movements and to the somatosensory perception of limb position. In an earlier study that motivates the current work, it appeared that following washout trials, movements did not return to baseline but rather were aligned with associated cha...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00221-019-05509-y
更新日期:2019-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Any passive rigid inertial object that we hold in our hand, e.g., a tennis racquet, imposes a field of forces on the arm that depends on limb position, velocity, and acceleration. A fundamental characteristic of this field is that the forces due to acceleration and velocity are linearly separable in the intrinsic coor...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00221-005-0163-2
更新日期:2006-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Descending projections from the mesencephalon and superior colliculus to the inferior olive were analyzed by an autoradiographic tracing method. Injections of tritium-labelled leucine were placed in regions which had previously been identified as sources of afferents to the olive. These were located adjacent to the ce...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF01208593
更新日期:1982-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The presence of after-effects in adaptation tasks implies that an existing internal model has been updated. Previously, we showed that although observers adapted to a visuomotor perturbation, they did not show after-effects. In this experiment, we tested 2 further observer groups and an actor group. Observers were now...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00221-011-2996-1
更新日期:2012-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::In the original publication of the article, Fig. 3 is incorrect. ...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章,已发布勘误
doi:10.1007/s00221-020-05838-3
更新日期:2020-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::In recordings from two awake, behaving macaque monkeys we found that neurons in the crown of the prelunate gyrus differed in their responsiveness to simple visual stimuli. Neurons in the posterior part of the gyrus (area V4) responded strongly to stationary or moving bars, while neurons in the anterior part (area V4A)...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00221-002-1112-y
更新日期:2002-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The climbing fibres to the x and lateral c1 zones of the anterior lobe of the cerebellum arise as branches of common stem olivary axons. Anatomical studies have shown that the c1 zone receives its climbing fibres from the dorsal accessory olive (DAO). It has, therefore, been assumed that the x-zone also receives its c...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00235868
更新日期:1985-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::During saccadic eye movements, images of external objects move rapidly across the retina. Small, unpredictable displacements imposed upon a target moving at saccadic velocity were detected with equal accuracy when (1) the retinal image velocity was caused by an eye movement, or (2) when the same velocity was produced ...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00236664
更新日期:1980-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The modification of the normal locomotor pattern of humans was investigated using a split-belt locomotion protocol (treadmill belt speeds of 4.5 km/h and 1.5 km/h for the right and left legs, respectively) and also by changing afferent input from the legs (30% reduction or increase in body weight by suspending subject...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s002210050262
更新日期:1998-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The anatomical pathway from the prepyriform cortex to the hippocampus in the cat was traced autoradiographically by means of anterograde transport of [3H] leucine. A direct projection from the prepyriform cortex to the lateral entorhinal area was confirmed in the cat: the termination of these fibers was largely confin...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00236644
更新日期:1980-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Erythropoietin (Epo) has neuroprotective and neurotrophic effects and improves cognitive function in animal models of neurodegenerative and neuropsychiatric illness. In humans, weekly Epo administration over 3 months improves cognitive function in schizophrenia. The neural underpinnings and time-course of this effect ...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00221-007-1102-1
更新日期:2008-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The coordination between eye and head movements during a rapid orienting gaze shift has been investigated mainly when subjects made horizontal movements towards visual targets with the eyes starting at the centre of the orbit. Under these conditions, it is difficult to identify the signals driving the two motor system...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1007/pl00005663
更新日期:1997-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Aerobic exercise can enhance neuroplasticity although presently the neural mechanisms underpinning these benefits remain unclear. One possible mechanism is through effects on primary motor cortex (M1) function via down-regulation of the inhibitory neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA). The aim of the present...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00221-016-4767-5
更新日期:2016-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::It is known that arbitrary target accelerations along the horizontal generally are extrapolated much less accurately than target speed through a visual occlusion. The extent to which vertical accelerations can be extrapolated through an occlusion is much less understood. Here, we presented a virtual target rapidly des...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00221-009-2041-9
更新日期:2010-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The control of eye movements depends in part on subcortical motor centres. Gaze is often directed towards salient visual stimuli of our environment with no conscious voluntary commands. To further understand to what extent preprogrammed eye movements can be triggered subcortically, we carried out a study in normal vol...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00221-006-0659-4
更新日期:2007-02-01 00:00:00