Abstract:
:Generally, increases in cortical activity go in parallel with negative shifts and decreases with positive shifts of cortical d.c. potentials. The aim of the present investigation was to test the effects of the inhibitory transmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) and of GABA receptor agonists on cortical d.c. potentials. Concomitant changes of local pH were measured to get first insights as to the mechanisms of the evoked d.c. changes. The experiments were carried out on anesthetized and artificially ventilated rats. d.c. potentials were recorded at a cortical depth of about 1000 microm by glass microelectrodes. Extracellular pH was measured by ion-selective microelectrodes. GABA (0.1 mol/l), the GABA(A) receptor agonist muscimol (0.1 mmol/l) and the GABA(B) receptor agonist baclofen (0.1 mmol/l) were microejected by pressure pulses at a distance of 20-40 microm from the recording electrode. GABA evoked positive d.c. shifts with low pressure ejection and long application times. With increasing pressure the positive d.c. shifts were initially superimposed by negative ones. The GABA(A) receptor agonist muscimol elicited negative and the GABA(B) receptor agonist baclofen positive displacements of the d.c. potential independent of application time or pressure. The negative d.c. shifts induced by GABA and muscimol were associated with an extracellular alkalization of up to 0.1 pH units. The findings led one to assume (1) that the negative d.c. shift after GABA application was due to a neuronal depolarization and to an increase in excitation via local alkalization and (2) that the positive d.c. shift mirrored neuronal hyperpolarization.
journal_name
Exp Brain Resjournal_title
Experimental brain researchauthors
Lücke A,Woesler B,Speckmann EJdoi
10.1007/pl00005614subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1997-03-01 00:00:00pages
143-8issue
1eissn
0014-4819issn
1432-1106journal_volume
114pub_type
杂志文章abstract::After injection of 3H dihydrotestosterone, concentration and retention of radioactivity occur in nuclei of certain neurons in the spinal cord and spinal ganglia as well as in dorsal and ventral root cells of chick embryos at day 10, 12, and 18. Cell of the glycogen body show nuclear labeling at day 12, but not at day ...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00236561
更新日期:1981-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::A method was developed to record sterotactically from the cat Superior Olivary Complex (SOC) using glass micropipettes. Sound stimulation was given through a closed system that permitted independent variation of interaural time (delta time) and intensity (delta int) differences. The most common binaural units found (n...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00238032
更新日期:1983-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Following the theoretical notion that tools often extend one's body, in the present study, we investigated whether imitation of hand or tool actions is modulated by effector-specific information. Subjects performed grasping actions toward an object with either a handheld tool or their right hand. Actions were initiate...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00221-011-2852-3
更新日期:2011-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The current study examined whether the amount and location of available movement information influenced the stability of visuomotor coordination. Participants coordinated a handheld pendulum with an oscillating visual stimulus in an inphase and antiphase manner. The effects of occluding different amounts of phase at d...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00221-009-1982-3
更新日期:2012-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::In order to investigate the role of mental rotation in the directional control of eye movements, we instructed subjects to make saccades in directions different from that of a visual stimulus (rotated saccades). Saccadic latency increased linearly with the amount of directional transformation imposed between the stimu...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s002210050765
更新日期:1999-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Four rhesus monkeys with bilateral removals of SII and five unoperated monkeys were trained on tests of tactile equivalence, weight discrimination and generalization, tactile discrimination learning (including concurrent learning and serial reversal) and inter-manual transfer of tactile learning. Lesioned animals were...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00239806
更新日期:1978-04-14 00:00:00
abstract::We studied visuomotor processing in the middle (MS) and lateral suprasylvian (LS) cortices of the alert cat by making single cell recordings while the cat was working in a behavioral task requiring visual fixation and visually guided eye movements. We found responses with three different components: visual sensory, sa...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF02259125
更新日期:1992-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::We investigate the contribution of both hemispheres in a lateralised lexical decision paradigm with emotional and neutral words in healthy volunteers. In a first experiment, high-density EEG analysis using source imaging methods revealed early specific participation of the temporoparietal junctions (TPJ) in both hemis...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1007/s00221-014-3843-y
更新日期:2014-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Recent studies have shown that responses to surface galvanic vestibular stimulation (GVS) show substantial interindividual variation. Between-subject variability may be due to individual differences between subjects, or to the poor reliability of the test, or to differences in test details, or to host factors. The aim...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00221-002-1038-4
更新日期:2002-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::In cats anaesthetised with pentobarbitone, the effect of inhibitors of the in vitro cellular uptake of GABA were tested on the responses of single central neurones to GABA and other depressant amino acids. (4)- AND (-)-nepecotic acid, (4)-2,4-diaminobutyric acid (DABA) and 2,2-dimethyl-beta-alanine, enhanced the actio...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00241731
更新日期:1976-06-30 00:00:00
abstract::Intracerebroventricular kainate treatment in rats induces neuronal cell death, followed by proliferation and hypertrophy of glial cells in the lesioned area. To further understand the activated signal transduction pathways and to get insights into potential target gene activation, the present study aims to elucidate l...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s002219900329
更新日期:2000-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::In an attempt to identify cholinergic neurons of the brain stem which project to the forebrain, retrograde labeling of neurons in the brain stem was examined by autoradiography following injections of 20 microCi [3H]choline into the thalamus, hypothalamus, basal forebrain and frontal cortex. After injections into the ...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00236317
更新日期:1987-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The present study characterizes expression of calbindin D28K (CB-D28K) and parvalbumin (PV) in ventral forebrain (VFB) grafts placed in the neocortex of adult rats bearing quisqualic acid lesions to the nucleus basalis magnocellularis. Three to nine months after transplantation surgery, rats were killed for in situ hy...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s002210050311
更新日期:1998-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study examined modulation of corticospinal excitability during both actual and imagined movements. Seven young healthy subjects performed actual (3-50% maximal voluntary contractions) and imagined index finger force production, and rest. Individual responses to focal transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) in fou...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00221-006-0809-8
更新日期:2007-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The simultaneous presentation of a visual and an auditory stimulus can lead to a decrease in people's ability to perceive or respond to the auditory stimulus. In this study, we investigate the effect that threat has upon this phenomenon, known as the Colavita visual dominance effect. Participants performed two blocks ...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00221-008-1608-1
更新日期:2009-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Anticipatory pursuit is not exclusively based on the recent history of target motion ("temporal anticipation"): it can also use static visual cues ("non-temporal anticipation"). Large non-temporal anticipatory changes of the direction of smooth pursuit are observed when the future trajectory of the target can be infer...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00221-009-1840-3
更新日期:2009-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Decision times involved in selecting visual targets with saccadic eye movements in rhesus monkeys were studied for three tasks in which single targets, paired targets with varied asynchronies, and multiple targets requiring a discrimination were presented. Probability of target choice in the paired-target task was str...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00221-003-1653-8
更新日期:2004-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The aim of this investigation was to understand the functions of long horizontal connections projecting from area 17 to area 18 in cats. The animals were anesthetized and prepared for recording single-cell responses to sine-wave gratings in area 18. Neuronal activity was analyzed under three conditions: prior to, duri...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/pl00005596
更新日期:1997-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The properties of adaptation within the locomotor and balance control systems directed towards improving one's recovery strategy for fall prevention are not well understood. The purpose of this study was to examine adaptive control of gait stability to repeated slip exposure leading to a reduction in backward loss of ...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00221-005-0189-5
更新日期:2006-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::A gradual increase in iron occurs in the lesioned hippocampus after neuronal injury induced by the excitotoxin kainate, and the present study was carried out to investigate whether this increase in iron might be associated with changes in expression of the iron binding protein, ferritin. An increase in ferritin immuno...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00221-004-2110-z
更新日期:2005-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The accomplishment of mature locomotor movements relies upon the integrated coordination of the lower and upper limbs and the trunk. Human adults normally swing their arms and a quadrupedal limb coordination persists during bipedal walking despite a strong corticospinal control of the upper extremities that allows to ...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00221-018-5201-y
更新日期:2018-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Recently, it has been reported that grasping with the left hand is more vulnerable to visual size illusions than grasping with the right hand. The present study investigated whether this increased sensitivity of the left hand for visual context extends to reaching. Left- and right-handed participants reached for targe...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00221-010-2214-6
更新日期:2010-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The tuberomammillary nucleus (TM) located in the posterior part of the hypothalamus is the main source of neuronal histamine in the central nervous system. Recent work from our laboratories has indicated an involvement of the TM region in neuronal plasticity and reinforcement processes. In the present study, we invest...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s002210050301
更新日期:1998-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The present study extends our previous findings in challenging the traditional interpretation of irregularities in the velocity profile of pointing movements as corrective submovements performed to improve accuracy of target achievement. The study is driven by a hypothesis that pointing includes at least two subtasks,...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00221-006-0603-7
更新日期:2007-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::In the thalamic ventrobasal complex (VB) of the cat, effects of electrical stimulation of the pyramidal tract (PT) upon activities of 112 relay cells and 18 internuncial cells were examined. Single PT shocks to the cerebral peduncle elicited short-latency discharges in 31 relay cells (mean latency, 1.4 +/- 0.5 msec). ...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00234770
更新日期:1975-03-27 00:00:00
abstract::The present study aimed to elucidate the distribution of ferric and ferrous iron in the hippocampus after kainate-induced neuronal injury. A modified Perl's or Turnbull's blue histochemical stain was used to demonstrate Fe3+ and Fe2+ respectively. Very light staining for iron was observed in the hippocampus, in normal...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00221-001-0971-y
更新日期:2002-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:To examine the accuracy and latency of reflexive saccades to vibratory stimulation of the fingertips made by normal human subjects and to compare the findings to those of visually guided saccades. METHODS:Eye movements were recorded using infrared oculography. Stimuli were presented via an array of audiometric...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00221-003-1749-1
更新日期:2004-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::In cats the stretch responses of deafferented Ia afferent fibers from gastrocnemius muscle spindles were measured. The response properties were derived by correlating the action potentials to random mechanical stimuli applied to the gastrocnemius muscle. The muscle stretch consisted of band-limited, normally distribut...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00235615
更新日期:1985-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Previous investigations have suggested that the dorsolateral pontine tegmentum (DLP) may be part of a system essential for classical conditioning of the nictitating membrane response. The present study examined CR-related firing patterns of extracellularly-recorded single units in the DLP. Differential conditioning, u...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00243830
更新日期:1986-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Dementia due to cerebral ischemic lesions is relatively common in the elderly. Since many of these lesions are probably caused by emboli, studying emboli-induced cerebral lesions in rabbits should, hopefully, provide information that is useful when searching for a means of preventing and treating vascular dementia in ...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s002210050622
更新日期:1999-01-01 00:00:00