Abstract:
:Vortex flow filtration (VFF) was used to concentrate viruses and dissolved DNA from freshwater and seawater samples taken in Florida, the Gulf of Mexico, and the Bahamas Bank. Recoveries of T2 phage and calf thymus DNA added to artificial seawater and concentrated by VFF were 72.8 and 80%, respectively. Virus concentrations determined by transmission electron microscopy of VFF-concentrated samples ranged from 3.4 x 10(7)/ml for a eutrophic Tampa Bay sample to 2.4 x 10(5) for an oligotrophic oceanic surface sample from the southeastern Gulf of Mexico. Viruslike particles were also observed in a sample taken from a depth of 1,500 m in the subtropical North Atlantic Ocean. Filtration of samples through Nuclepore or Durapore filters (pore size, 0.2 micron) prior to VFF reduced phage counts by an average of two-thirds. Measurement of dissolved-DNA content by Hoechst 33258 fluorescence in environmental samples concentrated by VFF yielded values only ca. 35% of those obtained for samples concentrated by ethanol precipitation (the standard dissolved-DNA method). However, ethanol precipitation of VFF-concentrated extracts resulted in an increase in measurable DNA, reaching 80% of the value obtained by the standard method. These results indicate that a portion of the naturally occurring dissolved DNA is in a form inaccessible to nucleases and Hoechst stain, perhaps bound to protein or other polymeric material, and is released upon ethanol precipitation. Viral DNA contents estimated from viral counts averaged only 3.7% (range, 0.9 to 12.3%) of the total dissolved DNA for samples from freshwater, estuarine, and offshore oligotrophic environments.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
journal_name
Appl Environ Microbioljournal_title
Applied and environmental microbiologyauthors
Paul JH,Jiang SC,Rose JBdoi
10.1128/AEM.57.8.2197-2204.1991subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1991-08-01 00:00:00pages
2197-204issue
8eissn
0099-2240issn
1098-5336journal_volume
57pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Psychrophilic, gas vacuolate, heterotrophic bacteria indigenous to sea ice communities in Antarctica have been isolated. Phylogenetic analysis of representative members of these bacteria shows that they belong to the alpha, beta, and gamma Proteobacteria and the Flavobacteria-Cytophaga group. This is the first report ...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.61.9.3486-3489.1995
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abstract::A UDP glucosyltransferase from Bacillus licheniformis was overexpressed, purified, and incubated with nucleotide diphosphate (NDP) d- and l-sugars to produce glucose, galactose, 2-deoxyglucose, viosamine, rhamnose, and fucose sugar-conjugated resveratrol glycosides. Significantly higher (90%) bioconversion of resverat...
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journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
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doi:10.1128/AEM.47.4.768-774.1984
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doi:10.1128/AEM.61.1.180-186.1995
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abstract::Streptococcus agalactiae (group B Streptococcus [GBS]) is a cause of severe infections, particularly during the newborn period. While methods exist for generating chromosomal mutations in GBS, they are cumbersome and inefficient and present significant challenges if the goal is to study subtle mutations, such as singl...
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pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.57.10.2790-2795.1991
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journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
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doi:10.1128/AEM.61.10.3562-3566.1995
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pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.61.11.3809-3814.1995
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journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
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doi:10.1128/AEM.65.5.1991-1997.1999
更新日期:1999-05-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.63.12.4812-4817.1997
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journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.03999-14
更新日期:2015-04-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.03914-13
更新日期:2014-05-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.62.11.4095-4099.1996
更新日期:1996-11-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.70.12.7555-7557.2004
更新日期:2004-12-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
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doi:10.1128/AEM.72.2.994-1000.2006
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journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
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doi:10.1128/AEM.71.1.442-450.2005
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journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
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doi:10.1128/AEM.60.3.989-995.1994
更新日期:1994-03-01 00:00:00
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doi:10.1128/AEM.63.11.4621-4624.1997
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journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
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journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
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doi:10.1128/AEM.53.10.2487-2495.1987
更新日期:1987-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::This is the first description, to our knowledge, of the distribution of human polyomavirus and simian virus 40 (SV40) in urban sewage. Using a nested-PCR procedure, we report the detection of human polyomaviruses JC virus (JCV) and BK virus (BKV) but not SV40 in a high percentage of urban sewage samples obtained from ...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/aem.66.1.238-245.2000
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journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
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doi:10.1128/AEM.64.7.2490-2496.1998
更新日期:1998-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cholera is a severe diarrheal disease caused by specific serogroups of Vibrio cholerae that are pathogenic to humans. The disease does not persist in a chronic state in humans or animals. The pathogen is naturally present as a free-living organism in the environment. Recently, it was suggested that egg masses of the n...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/aem.69.7.4200-4204.2003
更新日期:2003-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::A highly specific medium was developed for the enumeration of lactate-utilizing bacteria in the rumen of sheep. This medium, which contained 2.0% lactate, 2.0% Trypticase, 0.2% yeast extract, and volatile fatty acids, hemin, and trace elements in place of rumen fluid, enabled high counts (42 x 10 to 190 x 10/g of inge...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.38.3.416-421.1979
更新日期:1979-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Secondary sewage effluent containing about 3 X 10(4) plaque-forming units of polio virus type 1 (LSc) per ml was passed through columns 250 cm in length packed with calcareous sand from an area in the Salt River bed used for ground-water recharge of secondary sewage effluent. Viruses were not detected in 1-ml samples ...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.32.4.520-526.1976
更新日期:1976-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Smectite clay minerals are abundant in soils and sediments worldwide and are typically rich in Fe. While recent investigations have shown that the structural Fe(III) bound in clay minerals is reduced by microorganisms, previous studies have not tested growth with clay minerals as the sole electron acceptor. Here we ha...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/aem.68.12.6256-6262.2002
更新日期:2002-12-01 00:00:00