Abstract：
:This review discusses brain temperature as a physiological parameter, which is determined primarily by neural metabolism, regulated by cerebral blood flow, and affected by various environmental factors and drugs. First, we consider normal fluctuations in brain temperature that are induced by salient environmental stimuli and occur during motivated behavior at stable normothermic conditions. Second, we analyze changes in brain temperature induced by various drugs that affect brain and body metabolism and heat dissipation. Third, we consider how these physiological and drug-induced changes in brain temperature are modulated by environmental conditions that diminish heat dissipation. Our focus is psychomotor stimulant drugs and brain hyperthermia as a factor inducing or potentiating neurotoxicity. Finally, we discuss how brain temperature is regulated, what changes in brain temperature reflect, and how these changes may affect neural functions under normal and pathological conditions. Although most discussed data were obtained in animals and several important aspects of brain temperature regulation in humans remain unknown, our focus is on the relevance of these data for human physiology and pathology.
journal_name
Eur J Appl Physioljournal_title
European journal of applied physiologyauthors
Kiyatkin EAdoi
10.1007/s00421-007-0450-7subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2007-09-01 00:00:00pages
3-17issue
1eissn
1439-6319issn
1439-6327journal_volume
101pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract：:Intramuscular and surface electromyographic (EMG) activities were recorded from the left and right upper trapezius muscle of eight healthy male subjects during 5-min long static contractions at 2% and 5% of the maximal voluntary contraction (MVC) force. Intramuscular signals were detected by wire electrodes while surf...
journal_title：European journal of applied physiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00421-004-1261-8
更新日期：2006-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:Alterations in immunological homeostasis induced by acute exercise have been frequently reported. In view of the growing amount of repetitive exercise stimuli in competitive sports, quick recovery plays a superior role. Therefore, we examined whether aqua cycling affects cellular immunological recovery. METHOD...
journal_title：European journal of applied physiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1007/s00421-019-04127-4
更新日期：2019-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The aim of this study was to examine the influence of the performance level of athletes on pacing strategy during a simulated 10-km running race, and the relationship between physiological variables and pacing strategy. Twenty-four male runners performed an incremental exercise test on a treadmill, three 6-min bouts o...
journal_title：European journal of applied physiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1007/s00421-009-1300-6
更新日期：2010-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This study compared two ankle-mounted pedometers [StepWatch 3 (SW-3(Ankle)) and Activity Monitoring Pod 331 (AMP(Ankle))] and two waist-mounted pedometers [New Lifestyles NL-2000 (NL(Waist)) and Digiwalker SW-701 (SW-701(Waist))] under controlled and free-living conditions. In part I, 20 participants walked on a tread...
journal_title：European journal of applied physiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00421-005-0018-3
更新日期：2005-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The purpose of this article was to establish whether previously reported oxygen-to-mass ratios, used to predict flat and hill-climbing cycling performance, extend to similar power-to-mass ratios incorporating other, often quick and convenient measures of power output recorded in the laboratory [maximum aerobic power (...
journal_title：European journal of applied physiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00421-006-0189-6
更新日期：2006-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Differences in physiological functioning in the hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal cortex axis and the autonomic nervous system have been suggested to contribute to many of the health differences that may be observed between men and women as well as being relevant for the development of musculoskeletal pain. To clarify wh...
journal_title：European journal of applied physiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00421-008-0939-8
更新日期：2009-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of a submaximal aerobic exercise bout on adiponectin and resistin levels as well as insulin sensitivity, until 48 h post-exercise in healthy overweight males. Nine subjects performed an exercise bout at an intensity corresponding to approximately 65% of their ma...
journal_title：European journal of applied physiology
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00421-006-0169-x
更新日期：2006-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In this study, the effect of a simulated dive on rat brain was investigated using several magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-methods and immunohistochemistry. Rats were randomly assigned to a dive- or a control group. The dive group was exposed to a simulated air dive to 600 kPa for 45 min. Pulmonary artery was monitore...
journal_title：European journal of applied physiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00421-012-2565-8
更新日期：2013-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:The facial skin blood flow (SkBF) shows regional differences in the responses to a given stimulation. The facial SkBFs, especially in the eyelid and nose exhibit unique response to physiological and psychological stimuli, but the mechanisms inducing those regional differences remain unclear. To investigate whet...
journal_title：European journal of applied physiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00421-019-04109-6
更新日期：2019-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:Cryotherapy is an increasingly popular recovery strategy used in an attempt to attenuate the negative impact of strenuous physical activity on subsequent exercise. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the effects of whole body cryotherapy (WBC) and cold water immersion (CWI) on markers of recovery following a ...
journal_title：European journal of applied physiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1007/s00421-017-3757-z
更新日期：2018-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We used the direct Fick measurements to validate a method for estimating cardiac output by iteratively fitting VCO(2) at the mouth to lung model values. This model was run using a series of 50, 30 and 10 breaths to test sensitivity to number of breaths used for fitting. The lung was treated as a catenary two-compartme...
journal_title：European journal of applied physiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00421-005-1376-6
更新日期：2005-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:The aim of this study is to describe the effects of speed and gradient during uphill ski mountaineering on energy expenditure, to relate any changes to changes in stride characteristics, and to determine an optimal gradient and speed allowing minimization of energy expenditure. METHODS:11 subjects were tested ...
journal_title：European journal of applied physiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00421-016-3455-2
更新日期：2016-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:Dietary nitrate (NO3 (-)) supplementation reduces the O2 cost of fixed-workload tasks performed in temperate environments but has not been examined in the heat. If this effect were retained it could reduce heatstroke risk in military personnel that are deployed for desert combat. METHODS:Nine men completed thr...
journal_title：European journal of applied physiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00421-015-3255-0
更新日期：2015-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:O(2) uptake (VO2) kinetics were examined during the follicular (F) and luteal (L) phases of the menstrual cycle to determine if there was an effect of altered sex hormones on the (VO2) response to moderate-intensity exercise. Seven healthy women (age 21 +/- 2 years; mean +/- SD) performed six transitions from 20 W to ...
journal_title：European journal of applied physiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00421-007-0505-9
更新日期：2007-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The aim of this study was to determine the effect of different types of active warm-up stimuli of muscle activation on explosive jumping performance after short (5 min postwarm-up) and long (6 h postwarm-up) recovery periods following warm-up. Twelve trained volleyball players (21-24 years) performed different types o...
journal_title：European journal of applied physiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1007/s00421-007-0440-9
更新日期：2007-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:Spirulina has previously been reported to improve high-intensity exercise performance and hemoglobin. However, spirulina's effect on arm cycling exercise has yet to be investigated. The purpose of this study was to investigate the responses of spirulina supplementation on hemoglobin and on oxygen uptake, RER an...
journal_title：European journal of applied physiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00421-020-04487-2
更新日期：2020-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:An intermittent exposure to artificial hypergravity with physical exercise by a human centrifuge may provide a countermeasure against various physiological problems after space flight. To test the effects of hypergravity with ergometric exercise on dynamic regulation of heart rate during weightlessness, we quantified ...
journal_title：European journal of applied physiology
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00421-004-1308-x
更新日期：2005-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:In trail running and in uphill races many athletes use poles. However, there are few data about pole walking on steep uphill. The aim of this study was to compare the energy expenditure during uphill walking with (PW) and without (W) poles at different slopes. METHODS:Fourteen mountain running athletes walked ...
journal_title：European journal of applied physiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1007/s00421-019-04145-2
更新日期：2019-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:The prevalence of lifestyle diseases has escalated, and effective exercise training programmes are warranted. This study tested the hypothesis that regular participation in small-sided team handball training could provide beneficial health effects on cardiovascular, skeletal, and muscular parameters in young ad...
journal_title：European journal of applied physiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1007/s00421-018-4034-5
更新日期：2019-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The development of three dimensional laser scanning technology and sophisticated graphics editing software have allowed an alternative and potentially more accurate determination of body surface area (BSA). Raw whole-body scans of 641 adults (395 men and 246 women) were obtained from the anthropometric data base of th...
journal_title：European journal of applied physiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s004210100484
更新日期：2001-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The present study investigated the use of a tri-axial accelerometer, Tracmor2, for the measurement of physical activity in children. Eleven children [age 6.9 (2.2) years, body mass 19.5 (5.3) kg and height 112.3 (14.4) cm] were studied. Total daily energy expenditure (TDEE) was measured using the doubly labeled water ...
journal_title：European journal of applied physiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00421-003-0891-6
更新日期：2003-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Physical inactivity in response to a spinal cord injury (SCI) represents a potent stimulus for conduit artery remodelling. Changes in conduit artery characteristics may be induced by the local effects of denervation (and consequent extreme inactivity below the level of the lesion), and also by systemic adaptations due...
journal_title：European journal of applied physiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00421-012-2400-2
更新日期：2012-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Lactate (La-) has long been at the center of controversy in research, clinical, and athletic settings. Since its discovery in 1780, La- has often been erroneously viewed as simply a hypoxic waste product with multiple deleterious effects. Not until the 1980s, with the introduction of the cell-to-cell lactate shuttle d...
journal_title：European journal of applied physiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s00421-017-3795-6
更新日期：2018-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:Many physiological maladaptations persist after overreaching and overtraining resistance exercise (RE). However, no studies have investigated changes in mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK) after overtraining in humans, despite their critical role regulating exercise-induced muscular adaptations. The purpos...
journal_title：European journal of applied physiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00421-016-3492-x
更新日期：2016-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:During high intensity exercise, both respiratory muscle fatigue and cardiovascular reflexes occur; however, it is not known how inactive limb blood flow is influenced. The purpose of this study was to determine the influence of moderate and high exercise intensity on respiratory muscle fatigue and inactive limb...
journal_title：European journal of applied physiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00421-014-2905-y
更新日期：2014-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:This study compared responses to static stretching between eccentrically damaged and non-damaged muscles. METHODS:Twelve young men performed 60 maximum knee flexor eccentric contractions of one leg, and received a 300-s continuous passive static stretching at tolerable intensity without pain to both knee flexo...
journal_title：European journal of applied physiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00421-014-3079-3
更新日期：2015-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Beta-endorphin (betaE) is an important reliever of pain. Various stressors and certain modalities of physiotherapy are potent inducers of the release of endogenous betaE to the blood stream. Most forms of exercise also increase blood betaE level, especially when exercise intensity involves reaching the anaerobic thres...
journal_title：European journal of applied physiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s00421-007-0469-9
更新日期：2007-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:SCUBA diving is regularly associated with asymptomatic changes in cardiac, pulmonary and vascular function. The aim of this study was to evaluate the changes in vascular/endothelial function following SCUBA diving and to assess the potential difference between two breathing gases: air and nitrox 36 (36% oxygen and 64%...
journal_title：European journal of applied physiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00421-011-2187-6
更新日期：2012-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:With aging, there tends to be an increase in retrograde and oscillatory shear in peripheral conduit arteries of humans. Whether the increase in shear rate is due to the aging process or an effect of a less active lifestyle that often accompanies aging is unknown. Therefore, we examined whether chronic endurance...
journal_title：European journal of applied physiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00421-016-3445-4
更新日期：2016-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Testosterone and cortisol respond to exercise stimuli and modulate adaptation. Episodic basal secretion of these hormones may modify the responsiveness of these hormones. We sought to identify episodic steroid secretion via frequent salivary sampling and investigate any interaction between ultradian rhythmicity and in...
journal_title：European journal of applied physiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1007/s00421-010-1518-3
更新日期：2010-09-01 00:00:00
