Lactate metabolism: historical context, prior misinterpretations, and current understanding.

Abstract:

:Lactate (La-) has long been at the center of controversy in research, clinical, and athletic settings. Since its discovery in 1780, La- has often been erroneously viewed as simply a hypoxic waste product with multiple deleterious effects. Not until the 1980s, with the introduction of the cell-to-cell lactate shuttle did a paradigm shift in our understanding of the role of La- in metabolism begin. The evidence for La- as a major player in the coordination of whole-body metabolism has since grown rapidly. La- is a readily combusted fuel that is shuttled throughout the body, and it is a potent signal for angiogenesis irrespective of oxygen tension. Despite this, many fundamental discoveries about La- are still working their way into mainstream research, clinical care, and practice. The purpose of this review is to synthesize current understanding of La- metabolism via an appraisal of its robust experimental history, particularly in exercise physiology. That La- production increases during dysoxia is beyond debate, but this condition is the exception rather than the rule. Fluctuations in blood [La-] in health and disease are not typically due to low oxygen tension, a principle first demonstrated with exercise and now understood to varying degrees across disciplines. From its role in coordinating whole-body metabolism as a fuel to its role as a signaling molecule in tumors, the study of La- metabolism continues to expand and holds potential for multiple clinical applications. This review highlights La-'s central role in metabolism and amplifies our understanding of past research.

journal_name

Eur J Appl Physiol

authors

Ferguson BS,Rogatzki MJ,Goodwin ML,Kane DA,Rightmire Z,Gladden LB

doi

10.1007/s00421-017-3795-6

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2018-04-01 00:00:00

pages

691-728

issue

4

eissn

1439-6319

issn

1439-6327

pii

10.1007/s00421-017-3795-6

journal_volume

118

pub_type

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