Patient consultation survey in an ophthalmic outpatient department.

abstract：:Organs available for transplantation are scarce and valuable medical resources and decisions about who is to receive them should not be made more difficult by complicated calculations of desert. Consideration of likely clinical outcome must always take priority when allocating such a precious resource otherwise there ...

journal_title：Journal of medical ethics

authors： Eaton S

更新日期：1998-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：PURPOSE:Many research ethics committees (RECs) have been established in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) in response to increased research in these countries. How well these RECs are functioning remains largely unknown. Our objective was to assess the usefulness of a self-assessment tool in obtaining benchmarki...

journal_title：Journal of medical ethics

authors： Silverman H,Sleem H,Moodley K,Kumar N,Naidoo S,Subramanian T,Jaafar R,Moni M

更新日期：2015-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Moral evaluation of risk/benefit in early phase studies requires assessing the clinical promise of a candidate intervention using preclinical evidence. Yet, there is little to guide ethics committees, investigators, sponsors or other stakeholders morally charged with making these assessments ('evaluators'). In what fo...

journal_title：Journal of medical ethics

authors： Kimmelman J,Henderson V

更新日期：2016-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVES:To analyse the decision making for end of life care for patients with cancer at a teaching hospital in Japan at two periods 10 years apart. DESIGN AND SETTING:Retrospective study conducted in a 550 bed community teaching hospital in Okinawa, Japan. PATIENTS:There were 124 terminally ill cancer patients (45...

journal_title：Journal of medical ethics

authors： Tokuda Y,Nakazato N,Tamaki K

更新日期：2004-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:On 9 May 2005, the Israeli Ministry of Health issued guidelines spelling out the conditions under which sex selection by preimplantation genetic diagnosis (PGD) for social purposes is to be permitted in Israel. This article first reviews the available medical methods for sex selection, the preference for children of a...

journal_title：Journal of medical ethics

authors： Landau R

更新日期：2008-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:To many in India and elsewhere, the life and thoughts of Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi are a source of inspiration. The idea of non-violence was pivotal in his thinking. In this context, Gandhi reflected upon the possibility of what is now called 'euthanasia' and 'assisted suicide'. So far, his views on these practices h...

journal_title：Journal of medical ethics

authors： Gielen J

更新日期：2012-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The two tragedies argument (2TA) has been raised as a response to the argument against abortion from spontaneous abortion (or miscarriages). According to this argument against the antiabortion position (AAP), miscarriages should be of great concern for proponents of this position since they result in a greater amount ...

journal_title：Journal of medical ethics

authors： Friberg-Fernros H

更新日期：2020-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Since the 1990s, glycated haemoglobin (HbA1C) has been the gold standard for monitoring glycaemic control in people diagnosed as having either type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) or type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Discussions are underway about diagnosing diabetes mellitus on the basis of HbA1C titres and using HbA1C tes...

journal_title：Journal of medical ethics

authors： Degeling C,Rock M,Rogers WA

更新日期：2012-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The patient, a 59-year-old man, was referred to a psychiatric hospital with what appeared initially to be the signs and symptoms of mental disorder. In hospital a lesion of the brain was diagnosed and surgery was proposed to relieve the condition. The patient, however, during this and subsequent admissions to hospital...

journal_title：Journal of medical ethics

authors：

更新日期：1975-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS), a simple means of brain stimulation, possesses a trifecta of appealing features: it is relatively safe, relatively inexpensive and relatively effective. It is also relatively easy to obtain a device and the do-it-yourself (DIY) community has become galvanised by reports ...

journal_title：Journal of medical ethics

authors： Fitz NS,Reiner PB

更新日期：2015-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The issue of the allocation of resources in health care is here to stay. The goal of this study was to explore the views of physicians on several topics that have arisen in the debate on the allocation of scarce resources and to compare these with the views of policy makers. We asked physicians (oncologists, cardiolog...

journal_title：Journal of medical ethics

authors： van Delden JJ,Vrakking AM,van der Heide A,van der Maas PJ

更新日期：2004-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVES:To compare the perceptions of physician executives and clinicians regarding ethical issues in Saudi Arabian hospitals and the attributes that might lead to the existence of these ethical issues. DESIGN:Self-completion questionnaire administered from February to July 1997. SETTING:Different health regions i...

journal_title：Journal of medical ethics

authors： Saeed KS

更新日期：1999-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Public and healthcare professionals differ in their attitudes towards euthanasia and physician-assisted suicide (PAS), the legal status of which is currently in the spotlight in the UK. In addition to medical training and experience, religiosity, locus of control and patient characteristics (eg, patient age, pain leve...

journal_title：Journal of medical ethics

authors： Hains CA,Hulbert-Williams NJ

更新日期：2013-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Humanitarian crises and emergencies, events often marked by high mortality, have until recently excluded palliative care-a specialty focusing on supporting people with serious or terminal illness or those nearing death. In the COVID-19 pandemic, palliative care has received unprecedented levels of societal a...

journal_title：Journal of medical ethics

authors： Wynne KJ,Petrova M,Coghlan R

更新日期：2020-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Dual-track assessment directs research ethics committees (RECs) to assess the risks of research interventions based on the unclear distinction between therapeutic and non-therapeutic interventions. The net risks test, in contrast, relies on the clinically familiar method of assessing the risks and benefits of interven...

journal_title：Journal of medical ethics

authors： Wendler D,Miller FG

更新日期：2007-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This point of view compares the issue of informed patient consent primarily as it operates in Australia and the United Kingdom. It affords an overview, also, of the applicable law in the United States and Canada. It particularly focuses on the legal test to be applied to patient consent as established in the Bolam cas...

journal_title：Journal of medical ethics

authors： Kirby M

更新日期：1995-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVES:To explore attitudes and reasoning among Swedish physicians and the general public regarding the withdrawal of life-sustaining treatment at a competent patient's request. DESIGN:A vignette-based postal questionnaire including 1202 randomly selected individuals in the county of Stockholm and 1200 randomly se...

journal_title：Journal of medical ethics

authors： Lindblad A,Juth N,Fürst CJ,Lynöe N

更新日期：2010-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Given the dramatic shortage of transplantable organs, demand cannot be met by established and envisioned organ procurement policies targeting postmortem donation. Live organ donation (LOD) is a medically attractive option, and ethically permissible if informed consent is given and donor beneficence balances recipient ...

journal_title：Journal of medical ethics

authors： Glas A

更新日期：2020-02-14 00:00:00

abstract：:Over the decades of experimentation on the placebo effect, it has become clear that it is driven largely by expectation, and that strong expectations of efficacy are more likely to give rise to the experience of benefit. No wonder the placebo effect has come to resemble a self-fulfilling prophecy. However, this resemb...

journal_title：Journal of medical ethics

authors： Justman S

更新日期：2013-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In this issue of the journal Mark Brown has offered a new argument against my potential future of value theory. I argue that even though the premises of this new argument are far more defensible than the premises of his old argument, the new argument does not show that the potential future of value theory of the wrong...

journal_title：Journal of medical ethics

authors： Marquis D

更新日期：2002-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A recurrent issue in the vast amount of literature on reasoning models in ethics is the role and nature of moral intuitions. In this paper, we start from the view that people who work and live in a certain moral practice usually possess specific moral wisdom. If we manage to incorporate their moral intuitions in ethic...

journal_title：Journal of medical ethics

authors： van Thiel GJ,van Delden JJ

更新日期：2009-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:According to estimates more than 400 biobanks currently operate across Europe. The term 'biobank' indicates a specific field of genetic study that has quietly developed without any significant critical reflection across European societies. Although scientists now routinely use this phrase, the wider public is still co...

journal_title：Journal of medical ethics

authors： Sándor J,Bárd P,Tamburrini C,Tännsjö T

更新日期：2012-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Studies describing physicians' experiences with sedation at the end of life are indispensible for informed palliative care practice, but they are scarce. We describe the accounts of physicians from the USA and the Netherlands, two countries with different regulations on end-of-life decisions regarding their ...

journal_title：Journal of medical ethics

authors： Rietjens JA,Voorhees JR,van der Heide A,Drickamer MA

更新日期：2014-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Recognising that offers of payment to research participants can serve various purposes-reimbursement, compensation and incentive-helps uncover differences between participants, which can justify differential payment of participants within the same study. Participants with different study-related expenses will need dif...

journal_title：Journal of medical ethics

authors： Persad G,Fernandez Lynch H,Largent E

更新日期：2019-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Australian immigration detention centres are in secluded locations, some on offshore islands, and are subject to extreme secrecy, comparable with 'black sites' elsewhere. There are parallels between healthcare professionals working in immigration detention centres and healthcare professionals involved with or complici...

journal_title：Journal of medical ethics

authors： Isaacs D

更新日期：2016-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This paper explores the use of advance directives in clinical dementia research. The focus is on advance consent to participation of demented patients in non-therapeutic research involving more than minimal risks and/or burdens. First, morally relevant differences between advance directives for treatment and care, and...

journal_title：Journal of medical ethics

authors： Berghmans RL

更新日期：1998-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Many jurisdictions have processes to consider Individual Funding Requests but, with few exceptions, the decisions made with respect to these are not made public. Drawing upon Daniels and Sabin's account of the requirements of procedural justice, Accountability for Reasonableness, this paper considers several arguments...

journal_title：Journal of medical ethics

authors： Jonas M,Kolbe A,Warin B

更新日期：2014-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The question of whether old age should or should not play a role in medical decision-making for the elderly patient is regularly debated in ethics and medicine. In this paper we investigate exactly how age influences the decision-making process. To explore the normative argumentation in the decisions regarding an elde...

journal_title：Journal of medical ethics

authors： Ubachs-Moust J,Houtepen R,Vos R,ter Meulen R

更新日期：2008-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:To report results from a national survey of coordinators and managers of clinical research studies in the US on their perceptions of and experiences with scientific misconduct. METHODS:Data were collected using the Scientific Misconduct Questionnaire-Revised. Eligible responses were received from 1645 of 530...

journal_title：Journal of medical ethics

authors： Pryor ER,Habermann B,Broome ME

更新日期：2007-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:"Terminal sedation" refers to the use of sedation as palliation in dying patients with a terminal diagnosis. Although terminal sedation has received widespread legal and ethical justification, the practice remains ethically contentious, particularly as some hold that it foreseeably hastens death. It has been proposed ...

journal_title：Journal of medical ethics

authors： Cellarius V

更新日期：2008-02-01 00:00:00