Inhibition of the activity of glutathione peroxidase by tertiary-butylhydroperoxide in cultured Chinese hamster cells and the role of cellular glutathione in the recovery of the activity.

abstract：:Heavy metal environmental pollutants increase susceptibility of affected individuals to bacterial and viral infections, but the mechanisms responsible for this effect are not known. We established cellular in vitro systems to identify molecular targets for the action of heavy metal ions. We used two model systems to d...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Shen X,Lee K,König R

更新日期：2001-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) has previously been shown to protect against acetaminophen (APAP)-induced hepatotoxicity, but the mechanism of this effect was not clear. Treatment of mice with 1 mg/kg DMSO 4 h before 250 mg/kg APAP resulted in significantly less hepatotoxicity than with APAP alone, as measured by serum glut...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Park Y,Smith RD,Combs AB,Kehrer JP

更新日期：1988-11-14 00:00:00

abstract：:Inhibition of regulated exocytosis by botulinum toxins type A and B was studied in chromaffin cells. Both virtually abolished catecholamine release triggered from intact cells by depolarising stimuli, whereas the blockade by type A, but not B, was only partial after cell permeabilisation and direct stimulation of exoc...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Lawrence GW,Foran P,Oliver Dolly J

更新日期：2002-12-27 00:00:00

abstract：:Some chemicals are harmful in to light-exposed tissues such as skin and eyes. The 3T3 Neutral Red Uptake Phototoxicity Test has been validated and adopted by the Organization of Economic and Community Development (OECD) as a method of evaluating chemical phototoxicity using mouse 3T3 fibroblasts. However, the high rat...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Mori T,Higashi K,Nakano T,Ando S,Kuwahara A,Suzuki N,Saito K

更新日期：2017-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Quantum dots (QDs) are potentially beneficial semi-conductor nanocrystals for use in diagnostics and therapeutics. The chemical composition of QDs however, has raised concerns as to their potential toxicity. Although a thorough examination using specific biochemical endpoints is necessary to assess QD toxicity, an und...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Clift MJ,Brandenberger C,Rothen-Rutishauser B,Brown DM,Stone V

更新日期：2011-08-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Consequences of exposure of rats for 2 days or less to O3 at various concentrations between 0.12 and 0.96 ppm were measured using several assays performed on bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. Changes in apparent lung permeability were assessed by measurement of recovery of labelled bovine serum albumin in lung lavage flui...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Guth DJ,Warren DL,Last JA

更新日期：1986-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Gordonia axillaris (Roxb.) Dietrich (Theaceae) is a native to Taiwan and the leaves have been used as an astringent folk medicine. Camelliin B (CB), a macrocyclic hydrolyzable tannin, was isolated from G. axillaris and showed cytotoxic effects in human carcinoma cells. Among the target cells (SKHep-1, Ha-22T, DU-145, ...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Wang CC,Chen LG,Yang LL

更新日期：2001-11-30 00:00:00

abstract：:4-Bromo-2,5-dimethoxyphenethylamine (2C-B) is a psychoactive designer drug of abuse that is sold under the street names "Venus", "Bromo", "Erox", "XTC" or "Nexus". Concern has been raised because only little is known about its toxicity and metabolism in humans. In the present study we incubated 2C-B with human, monkey...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Carmo H,Hengstler JG,de Boer D,Ringel M,Remião F,Carvalho F,Fernandes E,dos Reys LA,Oesch F,de Lourdes Bastos M

更新日期：2005-01-05 00:00:00

abstract：:The guinea pig maximization test (GPMT) has been used as a method for the prediction of skin sensitizing potential for over 30 years. Besides hazard identification, risk assessment of sensitizing chemicals requires the assessment of potency. For the determination of potency based on lowest effective dose levels, dose-...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： van Och FM,Vandebriel RJ,Prinsen MK,De Jong WH,Slob W,van Loveren H

更新日期：2001-10-30 00:00:00

abstract：:Several studies have reported that hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) is related to the toxicity of amyloid β (Aβ), and that the accumulation of Aβ in the lenses of humans causes lens opacification. In this study, we investigate the accumulation of Aβ1-42 in the lenses of UPL rats, which then leads to lens opacification. In add...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Nagai N,Ito Y

更新日期：2014-01-06 00:00:00

abstract：:The ubiquitous presence of nanoparticles (NPs) together with increasing evidence linking them to negative health effects points towards the need to develop the understanding of mechanisms by which they exert toxic effects. This study was designed to investigate the role of surface area and oxidative stress in the cell...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Hussain S,Boland S,Baeza-Squiban A,Hamel R,Thomassen LC,Martens JA,Billon-Galland MA,Fleury-Feith J,Moisan F,Pairon JC,Marano F

更新日期：2009-06-16 00:00:00

abstract：:Immunohistochemical methods have been widely used to determine the histogenesis of spontaneous and chemically-induced mouse lung tumors. Typically, antigens for either alveolar Type II cells or bronchiolar epithelial Clara cells are studied. In the present work, the morphological and immunohistochemical phenotype of a...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Hicks SM,Vassallo JD,Dieter MZ,Lewis CL,Whiteley LO,Fix AS,Lehman-McKeeman LD

更新日期：2003-05-03 00:00:00

abstract：:Multidrug resistance type 1 P-glycoproteins (P-gp) and multidrug resistance associated proteins (MRP) were studied in differentiated primary human lung cells in culture, in comparison with permanent human lung cell lines and primary alveolar type II cells from rat lung. AII cells exhibited low basal levels of mdr1b mR...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Lehmann T,Köhler C,Weidauer E,Taege C,Foth H

更新日期：2001-10-05 00:00:00

abstract：:Allyl acetate (AAC), allyl alcohol (AAL), and acrolein (ACR) are used in the manufacture of detergents, plastics, pharmaceuticals, and chemicals and as agricultural agents. A metabolic relationship exists between these chemicals in which allyl acetate is metabolized to allyl alcohol and subsequently to the highly reac...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Auerbach SS,Mahler J,Travlos GS,Irwin RD

更新日期：2008-11-20 00:00:00

abstract：:Clostridium difficile toxins A and B (TcdA and TcdB) belong to the class of large clostridial cytotoxins and inactivate by glucosylation some low molecular mass GTPases of the Rho-family (predominantly Rho, Rac and Cdc42), known as regulators of the actin cytoskeleton. TcdA and B also represent the main virulence fact...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Balletta A,Lorenz D,Rummel A,Gerhard R,Bigalke H,Wegner F

更新日期：2015-02-03 00:00:00

abstract：:The nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) diclofenac (DF) is associated with idiosyncratic hepatotoxicity and several other distinct hypersensitivity reactions. The mechanism(s) are unknown but evidence suggests both cell-mediated and antibody-mediated immune effector systems may be involved. In the present stud...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Gutting BW,Updyke LW,Amacher DE

更新日期：2002-04-02 00:00:00

abstract：:Testicular injury is often observed in drug development. Serum hormones are usually used as noninvasive biomarkers for testicular injury; however, their sensitivities are low. Therefore, it is difficult to monitor testicular injury in drug development. In recent years, molecules in body fluid exosomes have attracted a...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Kawata R,Kagawa T,Koya Y,Kajiyama H,Oda S,Yokoi T

更新日期：2020-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Deltamethrin is a synthetic pyrethroid insecticide used worldwide in agriculture, home pest control, protection of foodstuff and disease vector control. The objective of this study was to investigate the propensity of deltamethrin to induce oxidative stress and changes in biochemical parameters and enzyme activities i...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Yousef MI,Awad TI,Mohamed EH

更新日期：2006-10-29 00:00:00

abstract：:Because it had been suggested that alpha-tocopherol might protect protein thiols (PSH) from oxidation, we were interested in determining if alpha-tocopherol could prevent or mitigate nitrofurantoin-induced changes in the glutathione (GSH) or PSH status of the liver. Isolated rat livers were perfused in the single pass...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Hoener B,Hjalmarson AC

更新日期：1991-04-08 00:00:00

abstract：:Genetic polymorphism of drug metabolizing enzymes (DME) can lead to severe toxicity or therapeutic failure of pharmacotherapy. Additionally, genetically determined differences in the activity of the metabolic enzymes can increase an individual's susceptibility to certain types of chemically induced cancers and possibl...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Bourian M,Gullstén H,Legrum W

更新日期：2000-04-03 00:00:00

abstract：:The interaction in vivo of four O-alkyl O-2,5-dichlorophenyl phosphoramidates with neural neuropathy target esterase (NTE) and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and their ability to cause delayed polyneuropathy in hens has been examined. Previous studies in vitro (Vilanova, Johnson & Vicedo, Pestic. Biochem. Physiol., 28 (1...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Johnson MK,Vilanova E,Read DJ

更新日期：1989-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:We investigated the potential dose related apoptotic effect of subchronic administration of the alkylating chemotherapeutic agent ifosfamide in different sites of the small and large rabbit intestine. MATERIALS AND METHODS:Twenty New Zealand White rabbits received intravenously every week, for 10 weeks, 0 (g...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Ypsilantis P,Tentes L,Assimakopoulos SF,Kortsaris A,Scopa CD,Pitiakoudis M,Simopoulos C

更新日期：2004-08-05 00:00:00

abstract：:Chalcones are phenolic compounds that can be isolated from plants. Previous studies have described some pharmacological applications for these compounds. Making use of our established reporter gene system, we determined the effect of five hydroxychalcones--2-hydroxychalcone, 2'-hydroxychalcone, 4-hydroxychalcone, 4,2'...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Wang H,Wang Y,Chen ZY,Chan FL,Leung LK

更新日期：2005-02-14 00:00:00

abstract：:Metyrapone tartrate, 400 mg/kg i.p. raised the LD50 for acetaminophen from 340 mg/kg i.p. to 540 mg/kg i.p. in fasting male Swiss white mice. The minimum protective dose of metyrapone was 200 mg/kg. Metyrapone was effective in preventing death when given up to 2 h after acetaminophen administration. The LD50 for metyr...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Nelson EB,Montes M,Goldstein M

更新日期：1980-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In a Japanese chemical factory, a lung disease like pneumoconiosis appeared at a high rate among workers handling cross-linked water-soluble acrylic acid polymer (CWAAP). To our knowledge, no such case was known in the world until very recently. The present study was designed to elucidate the effect of single intratra...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Suka M,Kido T,Yoshioka W,Hachisuka E,Okoshi H,Yamauchi T,Hano H,Okano T,Yokoyama M,Yanagisawa H

更新日期：2021-01-30 00:00:00

abstract：:Cadmium, an environmental neurotoxic compound, produces cognitive disorders, although the mechanism remains unknown. Previously, we described that cadmium induces a more pronounced cell death on cholinergic neurons from basal forebrain (BF). This effect, partially mediated by M1 receptor blockade, triggering it throug...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Moyano P,de Frias M,Lobo M,Anadon MJ,Sola E,Pelayo A,Díaz MJ,Frejo MT,Del Pino J

更新日期：2018-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Female mice were given nutrient-sufficient, purified diets containing cadmium at either 0.25, 5, or 50 ppm, as described in the accompanying publication. One-half of the females were bred for 6 consecutive 42-day rounds of pregnancy/lactation (PL mice); remaining females were non-pregnant controls (NP mice). PL mice a...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Bhattacharyya MH,Whelton BD,Peterson DP,Carnes BA,Guram MS,Moretti ES

更新日期：1988-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Groundwater arsenic contamination has become a serious global concern due to its adverse effects on human health. Arsenic-induced reactive oxygen species trigger oxidative stress inside mitochondria, which initiate a cascade of events including altered mitochondrial (mt) membrane potential, uncoupling of electron tran...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Sanyal T,Bhattacharjee P,Bhattacharjee S,Bhattacharjee P

更新日期：2018-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：UNLABELLED:We recently observed a case of digoxin and insulin self-poisoning without cardiac repercussion. We raised the hypothesis that insulin may have a cardio-protective effect in case of digoxin toxicity. We have therefore evaluated the effect of glucose-insulin infusion on mortality and ECG abnormalities during a...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Oubaassine R,Bilbault P,Roegel JC,Alexandre E,Sigrist S,Lavaux T,Jaeger A,Pinget M,Kessler L

更新日期：2006-07-25 00:00:00

abstract：:Pentachlorophenol (PCP) is an inhibitor of phenol-sulfotransferases and has been used to ascertain the role of sulfation in toxicology. Recently, molybdate has been shown to inhibit the sulfation of various chemicals by decreasing hepatic concentrations of the cosubstrate, 3'-phosphoadenosine 5'-phosphosulfate (PAPS)....

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Boles JW,Klaassen CD

更新日期：2000-04-20 00:00:00