Abstract:
:Levinthal's paradox is that finding the native folded state of a protein by a random search among all possible configurations can take an enormously long time. Yet proteins can fold in seconds or less. Mathematical analysis of a simple model shows that a small and physically reasonable energy bias against locally unfavorable configurations, of the order of a few kT, can reduce Levinthal's time to a biologically significant size.
journal_name
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S Aauthors
Zwanzig R,Szabo A,Bagchi Bdoi
10.1073/pnas.89.1.20subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1992-01-01 00:00:00pages
20-2issue
1eissn
0027-8424issn
1091-6490journal_volume
89pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Genetic analysis of Parkinson disease (PD) has identified several genes whose mutation causes inherited parkinsonism, as well as risk loci for sporadic PD. PTEN-induced kinase 1 (PINK1) and parkin, linked to autosomal recessive PD, act in a common genetic pathway regulating the autophagic degradation of mitochondria, ...
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更新日期:2014-06-10 00:00:00
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journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0602517103
更新日期:2006-06-27 00:00:00
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journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
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doi:10.1073/pnas.92.14.6444
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journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.87.8.2985
更新日期:1990-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Generating human single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) is no longer a rate-limiting step for genetic studies of disease. The number of SNPs in public databases already exceeds 200,000, and the total is expected to exceed 1,000,000 within a year. Rather, progress is limited by the inability to genotype large numbers o...
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更新日期:1984-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
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更新日期:2003-04-29 00:00:00
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journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:2001-07-31 00:00:00
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journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1203954109
更新日期:2012-04-17 00:00:00
abstract::The search for ever deeper relationships among the World's languages is bedeviled by the fact that most words evolve too rapidly to preserve evidence of their ancestry beyond 5,000 to 9,000 y. On the other hand, quantitative modeling indicates that some "ultraconserved" words exist that might be used to find evidence ...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 历史文章,杂志文章
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更新日期:2013-05-21 00:00:00
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journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.85.13.4633
更新日期:1988-07-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.70.5.1359
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journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:1979-02-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
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更新日期:2015-11-10 00:00:00
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journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.79.23.7147
更新日期:1982-12-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
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journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:2017-12-12 00:00:00
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journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:2020-07-14 00:00:00
abstract::After the emergence of pandemic influenza viruses in 1957, 1968, and 2009, existing seasonal viruses were observed to be replaced in the human population by the novel pandemic strains. We have previously hypothesized that the replacement of seasonal strains was mediated, in part, by a population-scale boost in antibod...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:2012-02-14 00:00:00
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journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
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更新日期:1974-09-01 00:00:00
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更新日期:2010-02-23 00:00:00
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journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.91.22.10610
更新日期:1994-10-25 00:00:00
abstract::We report the complete sequence of an extreme halophile, Halobacterium sp. NRC-1, harboring a dynamic 2,571,010-bp genome containing 91 insertion sequences representing 12 families and organized into a large chromosome and 2 related minichromosomes. The Halobacterium NRC-1 genome codes for 2,630 predicted proteins, 36...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
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journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:1975-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The binding of small molecules to distinctive three-dimensional structures in mRNA provides a new dimension in RNA control, previously limited to the targeting of secondary structures with antisense and RNA interference; such targeting can modulate mRNA function and rates of protein biosynthesis. Small molecules that ...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
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更新日期:2006-01-10 00:00:00
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journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.97.9.4991
更新日期:2000-04-25 00:00:00
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journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.75.2.759
更新日期:1978-02-01 00:00:00