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Order from disorder: Self-organization in mammalian hair patterning.

Abstract：

:Hairs, feathers, and scales normally exhibit precise orientations with respect to the body axes. In Frizzled6 (Fz6)(-/-) mice, the global orientation of hair follicles is disrupted, leading to waves, whorls, and tufts, each comprising many hundreds of hairs. By analyzing the orientation of developing hair follicles, we observed that the nearly parallel arrangement of wild-type (WT) hairs arises from fields of imperfectly aligned follicles, and that the Fz6(-/-) hair patterns arise from fields of grossly misoriented or randomly oriented follicles. Despite their large size, both mutant and WT hair follicles display a remarkable and unexpected plasticity, reorienting on a time scale of days in what seems to be a self-organized refinement process. The essential features of this process can be studied with a simple cellular automata model in which a local consensus "rule" acts iteratively to bias each hair's orientation in favor of the average orientation of its neighbors. These experiments define two systems for hair orientation: a global orienting system that acts early in development and is Fz6-dependent, and a local self-organizing system that acts later and is Fz6 independent.

journal_name

Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A

journal_title

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors

Wang Y,Badea T,Nathans J

doi

10.1073/pnas.0609712104

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2006-12-26 00:00:00

pages

19800-5

issue

52

eissn

0027-8424

issn

1091-6490

pii

0609712104

journal_volume

103

pub_type

杂志文章

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