Abstract:
:Carbon monoxide (CO) synthesized by heme oxygenase 2 (HO2) and nitric oxide (NO) produced by neuronal NO synthase (nNOS) mediate nonadrenergic/noncholinergic (NANC) intestinal relaxation. In many areas of the gastrointestinal tract, NO and CO function as coneurotransmitters. In the internal anal sphincter (IAS), NANC relaxation is mediated primarily by CO. Vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP) has also been shown to participate in NANC relaxation throughout the intestine, including the IAS. By using a combination of pharmacology and genetic knockout of the biosynthetic enzymes for CO and NO, we show that the physiologic effects of exogenous and endogenous VIP in the IAS are mediated by HO2-synthesized CO.
journal_name
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S Aauthors
Watkins CC,Boehning D,Kaplin AI,Rao M,Ferris CD,Snyder SHdoi
10.1073/pnas.0308695100keywords:
subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2004-02-24 00:00:00pages
2631-5issue
8eissn
0027-8424issn
1091-6490pii
101/8/2631journal_volume
101pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Estrogen is known to influence pain, but the specific roles of the two estrogen receptors (ERs) in the spinal cord are unknown. In the present study, we have examined the expression of ERalpha and ERbeta in the spinal cord and have looked for defects in pain pathways in ERbeta knockout (ERbeta(-/-)) mice. In the spina...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
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doi:10.1073/pnas.0705936104
更新日期:2007-08-21 00:00:00
abstract::p-Coumaric acid is the precursor of phenylpropanoids, which are plant secondary metabolites that are beneficial to human health. Tyrosine ammonia lyase catalyzes the production of p-coumaric acid from tyrosine. Because of their photosynthetic ability and biosynthetic versatility, cyanobacteria are promising candidates...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
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journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
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更新日期:2007-01-02 00:00:00
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journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
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更新日期:2008-07-08 00:00:00
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journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
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更新日期:2001-07-17 00:00:00
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journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
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journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
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更新日期:2005-09-27 00:00:00
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journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
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journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
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journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
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更新日期:1982-11-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
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journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
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