Kinetic isotope effects in Ras-catalyzed GTP hydrolysis: evidence for a loose transition state.

abstract：:Prions are mammalian proteins (PrPs) with a unique pathogenic property: a nonendogenous isoform PrP(Sc) can catalyze conversion of the endogenous PrP(C) isoform into additional PrP(Sc). In this work, we demonstrate that PrP(C) helix 1 has certain properties (hydrophilicity, charge distribution) that make it unique amo...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Morrissey MP,Shakhnovich EI

更新日期：1999-09-28 00:00:00

abstract：:Preterm birth (PTB) complications are the leading cause of long-term morbidity and mortality in children. By using whole blood samples, we integrated whole-genome sequencing (WGS), RNA sequencing (RNA-seq), and DNA methylation data for 270 PTB and 521 control families. We analyzed this combined dataset to identify gen...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Knijnenburg TA,Vockley JG,Chambwe N,Gibbs DL,Humphries C,Huddleston KC,Klein E,Kothiyal P,Tasseff R,Dhankani V,Bodian DL,Wong WSW,Glusman G,Mauldin DE,Miller M,Slagel J,Elasady S,Roach JC,Kramer R,Leinonen K,Linth

更新日期：2019-03-19 00:00:00

abstract：:Growth inhibition assays indicated that the IC50 values for methotrexate (MTX) and 5-fluorodeoxyuridine (FdUrd) in HS-18, a liposarcoma cell line lacking retinoblastoma protein (pRB), and SaOS-2, an osteosarcoma cell line with a truncated and nonfunctional pRB, were 10- to 12-fold and 4- to 11-fold higher, respectivel...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Li W,Fan J,Hochhauser D,Banerjee D,Zielinski Z,Almasan A,Yin Y,Kelly R,Wahl GM,Bertino JR

更新日期：1995-10-24 00:00:00

abstract：:We evaluated the formation and removal of (+-)-3 alpha,4 beta-dihydroxy-1 alpha,2 alpha-epoxy-1,2,3,4- tetrahydrobenzo[c]phenanthrene (BcPHDE)-DNA adducts in two Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cell lines. One line of repair-proficient cells (MK42) carries a stable 150-fold amplification of the dihydrofolate reductase (DH...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Carothers AM,Zhen W,Mucha J,Zhang YJ,Santella RM,Grunberger D,Bohr VA

更新日期：1992-12-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Saccharopolyspora erythraea makes erythromycin, an antibiotic commonly used in human medicine. Unusually, the erythromycin biosynthetic (ery) cluster lacks a pathway-specific regulatory gene. We isolated a transcriptional regulator of the ery biosynthetic genes from S. erythraea and found that this protein appears to ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Chng C,Lum AM,Vroom JA,Kao CM

更新日期：2008-08-12 00:00:00

abstract：:The single-stranded mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) displacement-loop initiation sequence (7S mtDNA) is hydrogen-bonded at the origin of replication in animal cell mtDNA. Analysis of 7S mtDNA from several cell sources indicates that this initiation sequence exists as a family of fragments of relatively discrete lengths. mtD...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Gillum AM,Clayton DA

更新日期：1978-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:DNA mismatch repair (MMR), the guardian of the genome, commences when MutS identifies a mismatch and recruits MutL to nick the error-containing strand, allowing excision and DNA resynthesis. Dominant MMR models posit that after mismatch recognition, ATP converts MutS to a hydrolysis-independent, diffusive mobile clamp...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Hao P,LeBlanc SJ,Case BC,Elston TC,Hingorani MM,Erie DA,Weninger KR

更新日期：2020-07-28 00:00:00

abstract：:The mammalian retina contains an autonomous circadian clock system that controls many physiological functions within this tissue. Previous studies on young mice have reported that removal of the key circadian clock gene Bmal1 from the retina affects the circadian regulation of visual function, but does not affect phot...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Baba K,Piano I,Lyuboslavsky P,Chrenek MA,Sellers JT,Zhang S,Gargini C,He L,Tosini G,Iuvone PM

更新日期：2018-12-18 00:00:00

abstract：:The biosynthetic origin of the 10,000 molecular weight neurophysins, carriers of the peptide hormones oxytocin and vasopressin, has been studied by cell-free synthesis, Poly(A)-RNA was isolated from bovine hypothalamus and translated in a wheat germ system containing (35)S- or (3)H-labeled amino acids. A number of uni...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Giudice LC,Chaiken IM

更新日期：1979-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Tibetans have adapted to the chronic hypoxia of high altitude and display a distinctive suite of physiologic adaptations, including augmented hypoxic ventilatory response and resistance to pulmonary hypertension. Genome-wide studies have consistently identified compelling genetic signatures of natural selection in two...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Song D,Navalsky BE,Guan W,Ingersoll C,Wang T,Loro E,Eeles L,Matchett KB,Percy MJ,Walsby-Tickle J,McCullagh JSO,Medina RJ,Khurana TS,Bigham AW,Lappin TR,Lee FS

更新日期：2020-06-02 00:00:00

abstract：:Photosystem II (PSII) is an intrinsic membrane protein complex that functions as a light-driven water:plastoquinone oxidoreductase in oxygenic photosynthesis. Electron transport in PSII is associated with formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) responsible for oxidative modifications of PSII proteins. In this study...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Kumar A,Prasad A,Sedlářová M,Kale R,Frankel LK,Sallans L,Bricker TM,Pospíšil P

更新日期：2021-01-26 00:00:00

abstract：:Strategies to treat cancer have focused primarily on the killing of tumor cells. Here, we describe a differential stress resistance (DSR) method that focuses instead on protecting the organism but not cancer cells against chemotherapy. Short-term starved S. cerevisiae or cells lacking proto-oncogene homologs were up t...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Raffaghello L,Lee C,Safdie FM,Wei M,Madia F,Bianchi G,Longo VD

更新日期：2008-06-17 00:00:00

abstract：:We have determined the packing efficiency at the protein-water interface by calculating the volumes of atoms on the protein surface and nearby water molecules in 22 crystal structures. We find that an atom on the protein surface occupies, on average, a volume approximately 7% larger than an atom of equivalent chemical...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Gerstein M,Chothia C

更新日期：1996-09-17 00:00:00

abstract：:An association of the dopamine receptor D4 (DRD4) gene located on chromosome 11p15.5 and attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) has been demonstrated and replicated by multiple investigators. A specific allele [the 7-repeat of a 48-bp variable number of tandem repeats (VNTR) in exon 3] has been proposed as an...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Swanson J,Oosterlaan J,Murias M,Schuck S,Flodman P,Spence MA,Wasdell M,Ding Y,Chi HC,Smith M,Mann M,Carlson C,Kennedy JL,Sergeant JA,Leung P,Zhang YP,Sadeh A,Chen C,Whalen CK,Babb KA,Moyzis R,Posner MI

更新日期：2000-04-25 00:00:00

abstract：:The acid-sensing ion channel 1a (ASIC1a) is abundantly expressed in the amygdala complex and other brain regions associated with fear. Studies of mice with a disrupted ASIC1 gene suggested that ASIC1a may contribute to learned fear. To test this hypothesis, we generated mice overexpressing human ASIC1a by using the pa...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Wemmie JA,Coryell MW,Askwith CC,Lamani E,Leonard AS,Sigmund CD,Welsh MJ

更新日期：2004-03-09 00:00:00

abstract：:Dysregulation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis is a hallmark of major depressive disorder. A number of studies have shown that this dysregulation is correlated with impaired forebrain glucocorticoid receptor (GR) function. To determine whether a primary, acquired deficit in forebrain GR signaling is an...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Boyle MP,Brewer JA,Funatsu M,Wozniak DF,Tsien JZ,Izumi Y,Muglia LJ

更新日期：2005-01-11 00:00:00

abstract：:Decisions always involve both facts and values, whereas most science communication focuses only on facts. If science communication is intended to inform decisions, it must be competent with regard to both facts and values. Public participation inevitably involves both facts and values. Research on public participation...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Dietz T

更新日期：2013-08-20 00:00:00

abstract：:The chimaeric protein repressor-galactosidase, in which fully active lac repressor is covalently linked to the active enzyme beta-galactosidase, was used as a system for probing the quaternary structure of lac repressor. Electron micrographs revealed repressor-galactosidase to be a tetrameric aggregate. When lac repre...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Kania J,Brown DT

更新日期：1976-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) recently has been shown to give rise to genetic interference in Caenorhabditis elegans and also is likely to be the basis for phenotypic cosuppression in plants in certain instances. While constructing a plasmid vector for transfection of trypanosome cells, we serendipitously discovered tha...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Ngô H,Tschudi C,Gull K,Ullu E

更新日期：1998-12-08 00:00:00

abstract：:A polypeptide transforming growth factor (TGF) that induces anchorage-dependent rat kidney fibroblasts to grow in soft agar has been isolated from human placenta and purified to homogeneity. This polypeptide is classified as a type beta TGF because it does not compete with epidermal growth factor (EGF) for membrane re...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Frolik CA,Dart LL,Meyers CA,Smith DM,Sporn MB

更新日期：1983-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Sinorhizobium meliloti is an alpha-proteobacterium that forms agronomically important N(2)-fixing root nodules in legumes. We report here the complete sequence of the largest constituent of its genome, a 62.7% GC-rich 3,654,135-bp circular chromosome. Annotation allowed assignment of a function to 59% of the 3,341 pre...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Capela D,Barloy-Hubler F,Gouzy J,Bothe G,Ampe F,Batut J,Boistard P,Becker A,Boutry M,Cadieu E,Dréano S,Gloux S,Godrie T,Goffeau A,Kahn D,Kiss E,Lelaure V,Masuy D,Pohl T,Portetelle D,Pühler A,Purnelle B,Ramsper

更新日期：2001-08-14 00:00:00

abstract：:Food is a powerful entrainment cue for circadian clocks in peripheral tissues, and changes in the composition of nutrients have been demonstrated to metabolically reprogram peripheral clocks. However, how food challenges may influence circadian metabolism of the master clock in the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) or in ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Tognini P,Samad M,Kinouchi K,Liu Y,Helbling JC,Moisan MP,Eckel-Mahan KL,Baldi P,Sassone-Corsi P

更新日期：2020-11-24 00:00:00

abstract：:Cactus, a Drosophila homologue of I kappa B, binds to and inhibits Dorsal, a homologue of the p50 and p65 components of NF-kappa B. We describe experiments in yeast with various Dorsal and Cactus derivatives showing that Cactus blocks the DNA binding and nuclear localization functions of Dorsal. In contrast, Dorsal's ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Lehming N,McGuire S,Brickman JM,Ptashne M

更新日期：1995-10-24 00:00:00

abstract：:The migration of species across interfaces can crucially affect the performance of heterogeneous catalysts. A key concept in using bimetallic catalysts for hydrogenation is that the active metal supplies hydrogen atoms to the host metal, where selective hydrogenation can then occur. Herein, we demonstrate that, follow...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： O'Connor CR,Duanmu K,Patel DA,Muramoto E,van Spronsen MA,Stacchiola D,Sykes ECH,Sautet P,Madix RJ,Friend CM

更新日期：2020-09-15 00:00:00

abstract：:We have developed a homologous in vitro transcription system that requires (i) 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (called TCDD or dioxin), (ii) the Ah receptor, and (iii) a dioxin-responsive enhancer for activity. Unfractionated nuclear extracts from mouse hepatoma cells contain an inhibitor and fail to direct transc...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Wen LP,Koeiman N,Whitlock JP Jr

更新日期：1990-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infects nearly 3% of the population of the world and is a major cause of liver disease. However, the mechanism whereby the virus targets the liver for infection remains unknown, because none of the putative cellular receptors for HCV are both expressed specifically in the liver and capable of b...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Gardner JP,Durso RJ,Arrigale RR,Donovan GP,Maddon PJ,Dragic T,Olson WC

更新日期：2003-04-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Synthetic genes for human insulin A and B chains were cloned separately in plasmid pBR322. The cloned synthetic genes were then fused to an Escherichia coli beta-galactosidase gene to provide efficient transcription and translation and a stable precursor protein. The insulin peptides were cleaved from beta-galactosida...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Goeddel DV,Kleid DG,Bolivar F,Heyneker HL,Yansura DG,Crea R,Hirose T,Kraszewski A,Itakura K,Riggs AD

更新日期：1979-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) is a central regulator of cell growth and proliferation in response to growth factor and nutrient signaling. Consequently, this kinase is implicated in metabolic diseases including cancer and diabetes, so there is great interest in understanding the complete spectrum of mTOR-re...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Wang BT,Ducker GS,Barczak AJ,Barbeau R,Erle DJ,Shokat KM

更新日期：2011-09-13 00:00:00

abstract：:Establishing a timeline for the evolution of novelties is a common, unifying goal at the intersection of evolutionary and developmental biology. Analyses of gene regulatory networks (GRNs) provide the ability to understand the underlying genetic and developmental mechanisms responsible for the origin of morphological ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Thompson JR,Erkenbrack EM,Hinman VF,McCauley BS,Petsios E,Bottjer DJ

更新日期：2017-06-06 00:00:00

abstract：:The circular dichroism of hypothetical, water-filled, spherical shells, 75-3500 nm in radius, with walls 7.5 nm thick, composed of poly(L-lysine) in various conformational proportions, and suspended in water, were computed from the known optical properties of this polypeptide by classical general light-scattering theo...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Wallach DF,Low DA,Bertland AV

更新日期：1973-11-01 00:00:00