Increase in pore area, and not pore density, is the main determinant in the development of porosity in human cortical bone.

abstract：:Early hominins formed large and thick-enamelled cheek-teeth within relatively short growth periods as compared with modern humans. To understand better the developmental basis of this process, we measured daily enamel increments, or cross striations, in 17 molars of Plio-Pleistocene hominins representing seven differe...

journal_title：Journal of anatomy

authors： Lacruz RS,Dean MC,Ramirez-Rozzi F,Bromage TG

更新日期：2008-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Fresh specimens of human peritoneum collected from heart-beating cadaver organ donors have been examined by transmission electron microscopy. Samples were taken from the anterior abdominal wall and from the surfaces of the liver, stomach and diaphragm. The mesothelium consisted of a single layer of flattened cells gen...

journal_title：Journal of anatomy

authors： Slater NJ,Raftery AT,Cope GH

更新日期：1989-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The moment arm of a muscle represents its leverage or torque-producing capacity, and is indicative of the role of the muscle in joint actuation. The objective of this study was to undertake a systematic review of the moment arms of the major muscles spanning the glenohumeral joint during abduction, flexion and axial r...

journal_title：Journal of anatomy

authors： Hik F,Ackland DC

更新日期：2019-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Little is known about the embryonic development and variation of the chondrocranium in Crocodylia and there are no works on any Caiman species. Due to the importance of cranial features in the systematics of this clade, investigating the development of the skull in embryonic stages is essential. In this study, we pres...

journal_title：Journal of anatomy

authors： Fernandez Blanco MV

更新日期：2019-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Horns are permanent structures projecting from the head of bovids, consisting of a bony horncore covered with a layer of skin and then a sheath of keratinous material showing variability of growth intensity based on nutrition. From the point of view of the horn's mechanical properties, the keratin sheath has been wide...

journal_title：Journal of anatomy

authors： Cappelli J,García AJ,Kotrba R,Gambín Pozo P,Landete-Castillejos T,Gallego L,Ceacero F

更新日期：2018-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Despite the long-held assumption that olfaction plays a relatively minor role in the behavioral ecology of birds, crown-group avians exhibit marked phylogenetic variation in the size and form of the olfactory apparatus. As part of a larger effort to better understand the role of olfaction and olfactory tissues in the ...

journal_title：Journal of anatomy

authors： Hogan AVC,Watanabe A,Balanoff AM,Bever GS

更新日期：2020-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The role of the neural arch in weight transmission in the cervical and upper thoracic regions of the vertebral column has been investigated. Measurements at the levels of C2, C4, C6, C7, T1 and T5 vertebrae were made in 44 adult male vertebral columns. At each level, the area of the inferior surface of the body was co...

journal_title：Journal of anatomy

authors： Pal GP,Routal RV

更新日期：1986-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The geometry-dependent functioning of the meniscus indicates that detailed knowledge on 3D meniscus geometry and its inter-subject variation is essential to design well functioning anatomically shaped meniscus replacements. Therefore, the aim of this study was to quantify 3D meniscus geometry and to determine whether ...

journal_title：Journal of anatomy

authors： Vrancken AC,Crijns SP,Ploegmakers MJ,O'Kane C,van Tienen TG,Janssen D,Buma P,Verdonschot N

更新日期：2014-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The insulin/insulin-like growth factor (IGF) system regulates fetal and placental growth and development. In maternal diabetes, components of this system including insulin, IGF1, IGF2 and various IGF-binding proteins are deregulated in the maternal or fetal circulation, or in the placenta. The placenta expresses consi...

journal_title：Journal of anatomy

authors： Hiden U,Glitzner E,Hartmann M,Desoye G

更新日期：2009-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:As a member of the most basal clade of extant ray-finned fishes (actinopterygians) and of one of the most basal clades of osteichthyans (bony fishes + tetrapods), Polypterus can provide insights into the ancestral anatomy of both ray-finned and lobe-finned fishes, including those that gave rise to tetrapods. The pecto...

journal_title：Journal of anatomy

authors： Molnar JL,Johnston PS,Esteve-Altava B,Diogo R

更新日期：2017-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The number of large neurons in the lateral vestibular nucleus of the mouse brain decreases in number after 25 months of age, from 488 at 25 months to 298 at 31 months. The number of small neurons in the nucleus remains constant up to 31 months of age. Large neurons accumulate lipofuscin from 25 months and their mean n...

journal_title：Journal of anatomy

authors： Sturrock RR

更新日期：1989-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This paper reviews recent work in radiological image registration and provides a classification of image registration by type of transformation and by methods employed to compute the transformation. The former includes transformation of 2D images to 2D images of the same individual, transformation of 3D images to 3D i...

journal_title：Journal of anatomy

authors： Hawkes DJ

更新日期：1998-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The blood supply to the cranial venae cavae on both sides and to the heart was studied macroscopically in 40 adult laboratory shrews (Suncus murinus) of both sexes injected either with Neoprene latex into the abdominal aorta (25 animals) or with Mercox into the left ventricle (15 animals). The 1st branch of the left s...

journal_title：Journal of anatomy

authors： Isomura G

更新日期：1993-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:It is unknown whether loading of the lower limbs through additional storage of fat mass as evident in obesity would promote muscular adaptations similar to those seen with resistance exercise. It is also unclear whether ageing modulates any such adjustments. This study aimed to examine the relationships between adipos...

journal_title：Journal of anatomy

authors： Tomlinson DJ,Erskine RM,Winwood K,Morse CI,Onambélé GL

更新日期：2014-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Both scanning (SEM) and transmission (TEM) electron microscopic studies of the major ductules and ducts of the perfused epididymal region of the drake were reported. The SEM correlated with TEM studies and confirmed some previous observations that the non-ciliated Types I and II cells in the proximal and distal effere...

journal_title：Journal of anatomy

authors： Aire TA

更新日期：1982-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:An unbiased stereological counting device (the fractionator) was used to count Purkinje neurons in mammalian cerebella of known weights in order to define the relationship between weight and number. Nucleoli were chosen as the counting unit and numbers were estimated from uniform random samples of wax-embedded tissue ...

journal_title：Journal of anatomy

authors： Mwamengele GL,Mayhew TM,Dantzer V

更新日期：1993-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Arguably, the gold standard of biological repair of articular cartilage lesions is autologous chondrocyte transplantation. Although the clinical outcomes appear to range between good and excellent in most cases, there are, nevertheless, both clinical and biological challenges that remain to improve rehabilitation and ...

journal_title：Journal of anatomy

authors： Archer CW,Redman S,Khan I,Bishop J,Richardson K

更新日期：2006-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Three modes of construction of the rectus sheath above the arcuate line were found in a study of 40 cadavers. The classical description occurred most frequently, in 24 cases. The other constructions conformed to those described in earlier studies although the incidences were different. The accessory internal oblique m...

journal_title：Journal of anatomy

authors： Monkhouse WS,Khalique A

更新日期：1986-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:During long bone development the original cartilaginous model in mammals is replaced by bone, but at the long bone endings the avascular articular cartilage remains. Before the articular cartilage attains structural maturity it undergoes reorganization, and molecules such as vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) a...

journal_title：Journal of anatomy

authors： Stempel J,Fritsch H,Pfaller K,Blumer MJ

更新日期：2011-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The Harderian gland, its secretory duct and porphyrin content were examined in the mongolian gerbil (Meriones unguiculatus). The gland consisted of tubules lined by a single layer of epithelial cells and a myoepithelial network. The tubule cells were often binucleate and possessed lipid vacuoles in the apical half of ...

journal_title：Journal of anatomy

authors： Johnston HS,McGadey J,Thompson GG,Moore MR,Payne AP

更新日期：1983-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Bundles of collagen fibrils, elastic fibres and fibroblasts are organized into a network that lies in the plane of a large portion of the bat wing. By ultrastructural (TEM and SEM) and biochemical analyses it was found that individual bundles of the net are similar to elastic ligaments. Although elastic fibres predomi...

journal_title：Journal of anatomy

authors： Holbrook KA,Odland GF

更新日期：1978-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The arteries of the skin have been postulated to form a profound plexus at the dermal/hypodermal junction and a superficial plexus in the papillary dermis. Our article aims to rebut this concept and to provide an alternative description of the arrangement of the dermal arteries. Employing a novel technique, we produce...

journal_title：Journal of anatomy

authors： Geyer SH,Nöhammer MM,Tinhofer IE,Weninger WJ

更新日期：2013-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Interneurons are an integral part of cortical neuronal circuits. During the past decade, numerous studies have shown that these cells, unlike their pyramidal counterparts that are derived from the neuroepithelium along the lumen of the lateral ventricles, are generated in the ganglionic eminences in the subpallium. Th...

journal_title：Journal of anatomy

authors： Andrews WD,Barber M,Parnavelas JG

更新日期：2007-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The structure of the sinuatrial nodal artery has been investigated in young and old rats. The nodal artery is derived from the internal thoracic artery, runs centrally though the node and supplies it by several branches. An extensive cuff of nodal cells is seen within the adventitia of the artery and its branches adja...

journal_title：Journal of anatomy

authors： Taylor IM

更新日期：1980-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This review broadly summarizes how molecular biology has contributed to our understanding of human evolution. Molecular anthropology began in the 1960s with immunological comparisons indicating that African apes and humans were closely related and, indeed, shared a common ancestor as recently as 5 million years ago. A...

journal_title：Journal of anatomy

authors： Bradley BJ

更新日期：2008-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:It is currently thought that New World monkeys, prosimians, and humans are the only primates to possess vomeronasal organs (VNOs) as adults. Recent studies of the human VNO suggest that previous investigations on Old World primates may have missed the VNO. We examined nasal septa from the chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes) ...

journal_title：Journal of anatomy

authors： Smith TD,Siegel MI,Bonar CJ,Bhatnagar KP,Mooney MP,Burrows AM,Smith MA,Maico LM

更新日期：2001-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Connective tissue function is defined as the formation and maintenance of shape, without which centralised physiologies (circulatory, digestive or nervous) could not have evolved. Two elements, inextensible (collagenous) fibrils and compression-resistant interfibrillar soluble polymers (proteoglycans), cope with all u...

journal_title：Journal of anatomy

authors： Scott JE

更新日期：1995-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:As the uterus enlarges to accommodate the growing fetus during pregnancy, the cervix behaves essentially as a barrier. During ripening and delivery, it needs to become soft and distensible to allow dilation and the passage of the conceptus. As the transformations of the collagen-containing fibres are known to be essen...

journal_title：Journal of anatomy

authors： Battlehner CN,Caldini EG,Pereira JC,Luque EH,Montes GS

更新日期：2003-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This study has demonstrated that cells stained using the zinc iodide-osmic acid (ZIO) method have the same fine structural features as those of fibroblasts. They have a well developed Golgi apparatus, granular endoplasmic reticulum and many mitochondria. They have no basal lamina. They are distributed in association w...

journal_title：Journal of anatomy

authors： Zhou DS,Komuro T

更新日期：1995-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Proper assessment of outcome in clinical trials of neural transplantation requires both biochemical and imaging indices of graft survival, and behavioural and physiological indices of graft function. For transplantation in Huntington's disease, a variety of ligands that are selective for striatal degeneration and graf...

journal_title：Journal of anatomy

authors： Besret L,Kendall AL,Dunnett SB

更新日期：2000-05-01 00:00:00