Use of accelerating solvent extraction for detecting non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in horse feces.

abstract：:An analytical method for determining exposure to 2,2'-dichlorodiethyl sulfide (sulfur mustard, HD) has been enhanced. The method is based on the cleavage of adducted HD (protein-hydroxyethylthioethyl esters) to produce thiodiglycol. Following cleavage, a deuterated internal standard is added, and the analytes are extr...

journal_title：Journal of analytical toxicology

authors： Lawrence RJ,Smith JR,Boyd BL,Capacio BR

更新日期：2008-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:3,4-Methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA), a commonly encountered drug of abuse, has been shown in a variety of studies to cause neurotoxic effects. Because MDMA itself is not neurotoxic, identifying the potential neurotoxic metabolite(s) was of significant importance. Evaluation of urine and plasma concentrations of M...

journal_title：Journal of analytical toxicology

authors： Valtier S,Phelix CF,Cody JT

更新日期：2007-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:While earlier studies have attempted to resolve the challenges encountered when interpreting gamma-hydroxybutyric acid (GHB) concentrations in hair (primarily due to its endogenous presence), few have had large sample sizes. The first objective of this study was to evaluate the inter-individual variation of endogenous...

journal_title：Journal of analytical toxicology

authors： Thomas JL,Strickland EC,Lloyd EW,Donnelly CC,Rankoth A,Pieczonka SM,Colpoys C,Smith MA,LeBeau MA,Montgomery MA,Karas RP,Peters EM,Miller ML

更新日期：2020-10-12 00:00:00

abstract：:Prolintane is a sympathomimetic amine with pharmacologic properties similar to d-amphetamine. Side effects include insomnia, nervousness, and irritability. Overdoses of prolintane may cause hallucinations, psychosis, and death. The drug is commonly prescribed in Africa, Australia, and Europe but is not available in th...

journal_title：Journal of analytical toxicology

authors： Kyle PB,Daley WP

更新日期：2007-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A total of 183 random, whole-blood specimens was collected from healthy individuals within the State of Queensland (Australia), and the bromide concentration was determined by wavelength-dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectrometry (WDXRF). The intensity of the tube Compton scatter line was used to account for differenc...

journal_title：Journal of analytical toxicology

authors： Olszowy HA,Rossiter J,Hegarty J,Geoghegan P

更新日期：1998-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Metabolic transformation of zearalenone (ZEA), a mycotoxin which can contaminate both food and feed, results in the formation of five metabolites, one of them being zeranol (α-ZAL), which can be abused in farm animals as a growth promoter. To the best of our knowledge, there is no analytical method that can distinguis...

journal_title：Journal of analytical toxicology

authors： Vulić A,Lešić T,Kudumija N,Mikuš T,Pleadin J

更新日期：2019-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Urinary metabolites of famprofazone following oral administration in humans were identified by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry with electron impact-ionization and comparison with the spectra and retention times of authentic standards. The metabolites were determined following selective derivatization with N-methy...

journal_title：Journal of analytical toxicology

authors： Shin HS,Park BB,Choi SN,Oh JJ,Hong CP,Ryu H

更新日期：1998-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Analysis and interpretation of the findings for the drug of abuse gamma hydroxybutyric acid (GHB) in fatalities has become very problematic. This is primarily because of variable data in postmortem biological fluids resulting from the endogenous nature of the compound, possible postmortem production, and varying metho...

journal_title：Journal of analytical toxicology

authors： Elliott SP

更新日期：2004-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Cannabinoids were extracted from serum with C18 SPE cartridges and analyzed as their trimethylsilyl (TMS) derivatives. A benchtop gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (GC-MS-MS) system based on an ion trap with external ionization was used. Quantitation was done in relation to trideuterated internal standards i...

journal_title：Journal of analytical toxicology

authors： Weller JP,Wolf M,Szidat S

更新日期：2000-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Six cases involving the antidepressant mirtazapine were analyzed in detail at the San Diego County Medical Examiner's Office from 2004 to 2005. Mirtazapine was initially detected and confirmed in each of these cases by a liquid-liquid gas chromatography (GC)-MS basic drug screen. Following another liquid-liquid basic ...

journal_title：Journal of analytical toxicology

authors： Kirkton C,McIntyre IM

更新日期：2006-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A gas chromatographic/mass spectrometric (GC/MS) method for the rapid quantitation of atropine (AT) in blood is presented. A 2.0-mL blood specimen containing deuterated N-methyl-atropine as the internal standard was alkaline-hydrolyzed to convert atropine to tropine. The tropine was extracted by organic solvent which ...

journal_title：Journal of analytical toxicology

authors： Saady JJ,Poklis A

更新日期：1989-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Calibration model selection is required for all quantitative methods in toxicology and more broadly in bioanalysis. This typically involves selecting the equation order (quadratic or linear) and weighting factor correctly modelizing the data. A mis-selection of the calibration model will generate lower quality control...

journal_title：Journal of analytical toxicology

authors： Desharnais B,Camirand-Lemyre F,Mireault P,Skinner CD

更新日期：2017-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Separating drugs which are both polar and basic has long been difficult because of the limited operating pH range of conventional HPLC columns. This paper describes a liquid chromatographic method capable of being used with either diode-array or mass spectrometric detection for the identification and quantitation of 1...

journal_title：Journal of analytical toxicology

authors： Goeringer KE,McIntyre lM,Drummer OH

更新日期：2003-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A rapid and efficient high-performance liquid chromatographic method using a reversed-phase eluent of methanol-water with butylamine on a silica column was developed for the separation and quantitation of clomipramine (CMI), its demethylated metabolites (desmethyl-clomipramine and didesmethyl-clomipramine [DDCMI]), an...

journal_title：Journal of analytical toxicology

authors： Coudoré F,Hourcade F,Molinier-Manoukian C,Eschalier A,Lavarenne J

更新日期：1996-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A separation system based on isotachophoresis is described for the cyanogenic glycoside linamarin in aqueous solution and in human urine. Isotachophoresis is a migration of a substance in an electric field, which is applied to a system of electrolytes of specific design. Detection is carried out by monitoring conducti...

journal_title：Journal of analytical toxicology

authors： Carlsson L,Ronquist G,Rosling H

更新日期：1994-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Radioactive methadone, phenytoin, phenobarbital, and diazepam were easily and efficiently removed from human urine samples by adsorption on C18 bonded silica phases. These techniques were simpler than conventional extractions at pH 9.3 or 5.2 with dichloromethane, XAD-2 and methanol, or Celite 560 and dichloromethane....

journal_title：Journal of analytical toxicology

authors： Hyde PM

更新日期：1985-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A 5-mg dose of cocaine free base applied to the volar forearm skin surface of a volunteer resulted in a maximal urinary benzoylecgonine concentration of 55 ng/mL at 48 h, using discrete urine specimens. A total of 58 micrograms of benzoylecgonine, representing 1.2% of the dose, was excreted in the 96-h urine. An ident...

journal_title：Journal of analytical toxicology

authors： Baselt RC,Chang JY,Yoshikawa DM

更新日期：1990-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:An expert system applied as a screening test for amphetamine analogues found in recreational-drug exhibits (tablets or powders) is described. The knowledge base defining the reference Fourier transform infrared spectroscopic (FTIR) spectral patterns has been built according to criteria encompassing toxicological, phar...

journal_title：Journal of analytical toxicology

authors： Praisler M,Dirinck I,Van Bocxlaer JF,De Leenheer AP,Massart DL

更新日期：2001-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:An ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS-MS) method was developed and validated for the simultaneous determination of Delta(9)-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), 11-hydroxy-Delta(9)-tetrahydrocannabinol (11-OH-THC), and 11-nor-9-carboxy-Delta(9)-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC-COOH) in whole blo...

journal_title：Journal of analytical toxicology

authors： Jamey C,Szwarc E,Tracqui A,Ludes B

更新日期：2008-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We report one fatal case of asphyxia caused by leaves of common ivy. Macroscopic examination of the corpse during the autopsy disclosed an incredible quantity of leaves of Hedera helix in the mouth and throat of the decedent. In order to rule out the possibility of poisoning by the toxic saponins contained in the plan...

journal_title：Journal of analytical toxicology

authors： Gaillard Y,Blaise P,Darré A,Barbier T,Pépin G

更新日期：2003-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:With the increased availability of nitrite-containing commercial products that are used for the adulteration of urine samples in the workplace, it is necessary for laboratories to be able to detect and confirm the presence of nitrite in these samples. We have developed a method to confirm the presence of nitrite in ur...

journal_title：Journal of analytical toxicology

authors： Singh J,Elberling JA,Hemphill DG,Holmstrom J

更新日期：1999-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Synthetic cannabinoids are a group of compounds that are structurally diverse and are commonly found in various herbal incense and potpourri blends, which are sold in convenience stores, smoke shops and over the Internet. During the past few years, multiple state and federal legislations have been enacted controlling ...

journal_title：Journal of analytical toxicology

authors： Shanks KG,Behonick GS,Dahn T,Terrell A

更新日期：2013-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A gas-chromatographic analysis of vinylidene chloride (1,1-dichloroethylene) is presented. Vinylidene chloride was sampled by adsorbing on activated carbon. It was desorbed with carbon disulfide. The desorption efficiency was 97.2 +/- 1.05 (mean +/- standard error). The analytical column was packed with 10% Apiezon L ...

journal_title：Journal of analytical toxicology

authors： Sidhu KS

更新日期：1980-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A feasibility study was performed to examine the effectiveness of hair testing in determining the prevalence of drug use in a young adult population. The study included 200 randomly selected young adults in Norway. It was designed to make the collection, preparation and analysis of the samples as little resource deman...

journal_title：Journal of analytical toxicology

authors： Lund HM,Gjerde H,de Courtade SM,Oiestad EL,Christophersen AS

更新日期：2013-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The objective was to develop a simple routine method for quantitative measurement of endogenous formic acid in plasma and whole blood using headspace gas chromatography-flame ionization detection. (GC-FID). Two-hundred microliters of sample was placed in a 1-mL glass vial. Fifty microliters of aqueous ethanol (10%) wa...

journal_title：Journal of analytical toxicology

authors： Sokoro A,Lehotay D,Eichhorst J,Treble R

更新日期：2007-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Postmortem findings are presented for fourteen cases of Verapamil induced or related deaths. Liver, blood, and stomach concentrations of Verapamil alone or in combination with alcohol or other drugs are given with the age and sex of each victim and with the coroner's findings. The significance of these levels is discu...

journal_title：Journal of analytical toxicology

authors： Chan LF,Chhuy LH,Crowley RJ

更新日期：1987-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A hair screening method has been developed for the detection of methamphetamine using an immunoassay analyzer (AxSYM) with a fluorescence polarization immunoassay (FPIA) technique. The method consisted of washing, cutting and digesting a hair sample (5 mg) with an enzymatic digestion solution. The digested hair sample...

journal_title：Journal of analytical toxicology

authors： Cheong JC,Suh S,Ko BJ,Lee JI,Kim JY,Suh YJ,In MK

更新日期：2013-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Urine drug testing (UDT) is an emerging standard of care in the evaluation and treatment of chronic non-cancer pain patients with opioid analgesics. UDT may be used both to verify adherence with the opioid analgesic regimen and to monitor abstinence from non-prescribed or illicit controlled substances. In the former s...

journal_title：Journal of analytical toxicology

authors： Bertholf RL,Johannsen LM,Reisfield GM

更新日期：2015-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The collection and analysis of drugs in oral fluid (OF) at the roadside has become more feasible with the introduction of portable testing devices such as the Alere™ DDS®2 Mobile Test System (DDS®2). The objective of this study was to compare the on-site results for the DDS®2 to laboratory-based confirmatory assays wi...

journal_title：Journal of analytical toxicology

authors： Krotulski AJ,Mohr ALA,Friscia M,Logan BK

更新日期：2018-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:3-Fluorophenmetrazine (3-FPM) is a stimulant-like novel psychoactive substance (NPS) and fluorinated analog of phenmetrazine that has recently appeared on the recreational drug market, with limited published information. Likewise, the synthetic opioid U-47700 has gained popularity among recreational drug users and is ...

journal_title：Journal of analytical toxicology

authors： Ellefsen KN,Taylor EA,Simmons P,Willoughby V,Hall BJ

更新日期：2017-11-01 00:00:00