Experimental evidence that predation promotes divergence in adaptive radiation.

abstract：:Defining the links between cell division and DNA replication is essential for understanding normal cell cycle progression and tumorigenesis. In this report we explore the effect of phosphorylation of cell division cycle 6 (Cdc6), a DNA replication initiation factor, by polo-like kinase 1 (Plk1) on the regulation of ch...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Yim H,Erikson RL

更新日期：2010-11-16 00:00:00

abstract：:A constitutively active form of mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase (MEK1) was synthesized under control of a zinc-inducible promoter in NIH 3T3 fibroblasts. Zinc treatment of serum-starved cells activated extracellular signal-regulated protein kinases (ERKs) and induced expression of cyclin D1. Newly synthesized ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Cheng M,Sexl V,Sherr CJ,Roussel MF

更新日期：1998-02-03 00:00:00

abstract：:Methylmalonyl-CoA mutase (2-methylmalonyl-CoA CoA-carbonylmutase, EC 5.4.99.2) is a mitochondrial enzyme whose deficiency in man leads to several biochemically and clinically heterogenous++ forms of methylmalonic acidemia. Intact fibroblasts from 21 patients with mutase apoenzyme deficiency have been pulse-labeled wit...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Fenton WA,Hack AM,Kraus JP,Rosenberg LE

更新日期：1987-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The transcription initiation site of the human ribosomal RNA gene (rDNA) was located by using the single-strand specific nuclease protection method and by determining the first nucleotide of the in vitro capped 45S preribosomal RNA. The sequence of 1,211 nucleotides surrounding the initiation site was determined. The ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Financsek I,Mizumoto K,Mishima Y,Muramatsu M

更新日期：1982-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The mosquito midgut plays a central role in the sporogonic development of malaria parasites. We have found that polyclonal sera, produced against mosquito midguts, blocked the passage of Plasmodium falciparum ookinetes across the midgut, leading to a significant reduction of infections in mosquitoes. Anti-midgut mAbs ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Lal AA,Patterson PS,Sacci JB,Vaughan JA,Paul C,Collins WE,Wirtz RA,Azad AF

更新日期：2001-04-24 00:00:00

abstract：:The use of profiling by ethnicity or nationality to trigger secondary security screening is a controversial social and political issue. Overlooked is the question of whether such actuarial methods are in fact mathematically justified, even under the most idealized assumptions of completely accurate prior probabilities...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Press WH

更新日期：2009-02-10 00:00:00

abstract：:Nodules harboring nitrogen-fixing rhizobia are a well-known trait of legumes, but nodules also occur in other plant lineages, with rhizobia or the actinomycete Frankia as microsymbiont. It is generally assumed that nodulation evolved independently multiple times. However, molecular-genetic support for this hypothesis ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： van Velzen R,Holmer R,Bu F,Rutten L,van Zeijl A,Liu W,Santuari L,Cao Q,Sharma T,Shen D,Roswanjaya Y,Wardhani TAK,Kalhor MS,Jansen J,van den Hoogen J,Güngör B,Hartog M,Hontelez J,Verver J,Yang WC,Schijlen E,Repin

更新日期：2018-05-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Distributions of sulfur isotopes in geological samples would provide a record of atmospheric composition if the mechanism producing the isotope effects could be described quantitatively. We determined the UV absorption spectra of 32SO2, 33SO2, and 34SO2 and use them to interpret the geological record. The calculated i...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Ueno Y,Johnson MS,Danielache SO,Eskebjerg C,Pandey A,Yoshida N

更新日期：2009-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The MAK16 gene was first defined as a gene whose mutation resulted in loss of M1 double-stranded RNA virus-like particles. The mak16-1 mutation also produces temperature-sensitive cell growth. We report here that mak16-1 cells arrest at the nonpermissive temperature in G1 phase, such that they are mating competent. We...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Wickner RB

更新日期：1988-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A double-stranded (ds) DNA which may be a replication intermediate was isolated from bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L. "Top Crop") leaves systemically infected with bean golden mosaic virus, a whitefly-transmitted plant virus with a genome of circular single-stranded (ss) DNA. The isolation method used phenol/chloroform ext...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Ikegami M,Haber S,Goodman RM

更新日期：1981-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The search for ever deeper relationships among the World's languages is bedeviled by the fact that most words evolve too rapidly to preserve evidence of their ancestry beyond 5,000 to 9,000 y. On the other hand, quantitative modeling indicates that some "ultraconserved" words exist that might be used to find evidence ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Pagel M,Atkinson QD,S Calude A,Meade A

更新日期：2013-05-21 00:00:00

abstract：:Ovine pulmonary surfactant is bactericidal for Pasteurella haemolytica when surfactant and bacteria mixtures are incubated with normal ovine serum. To isolate this component, surfactant (1 mg/ml) was centrifuged at 100,000 x gav, and the supernatant was fractionated by HPLC. Fractions were eluted with acetonitrile (10...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Brogden KA,De Lucca AJ,Bland J,Elliott S

更新日期：1996-01-09 00:00:00

abstract：:The neotropical Heliconius butterflies are famous examples of Müllerian mimicry, due to the diverse array of shared, brightly colored wing patterns that advertise the butterflies' unpalatability. The parallel geographical variation in these patterns within several widespread species has been invoked to support the con...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Brower AV

更新日期：1994-07-05 00:00:00

abstract：:Using brain transcriptomic profiles from 853 individual honey bees exhibiting 48 distinct behavioral phenotypes in naturalistic contexts, we report that behavior-specific neurogenomic states can be inferred from the coordinated action of transcription factors (TFs) and their predicted target genes. Unsupervised hierar...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Chandrasekaran S,Ament SA,Eddy JA,Rodriguez-Zas SL,Schatz BR,Price ND,Robinson GE

更新日期：2011-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Adenosine has been identified in the anterior pituitary gland and is secreted from cultured folliculostellate (FS) cells. To determine whether adenosine controls the secretion of anterior pituitary hormones in vitro, adenosine was incubated with anterior pituitaries. It stimulated prolactin (PRL) release at the lowest...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Yu WH,Kimura M,Walczewska A,Porter JC,McCann SM

更新日期：1998-06-23 00:00:00

abstract：:The techniques of electrophoresis were used in a search for evidence of mutation affecting protein structure, the indicators being hemoglobin and a set of serum proteins and erythrocyte enzymes. Among 94,796 locus tests on Amerindians from Central and South America, there was no evidence for mutation. Among 105,649 lo...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Neel JV,Mohrenweiser HW,Meisler MH

更新日期：1980-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:CCR5 (R5)-tropic, but not CXCR4 (X4)-tropic, HIV-1 is associated with primary HIV-1 infection and transmission. Recent studies have shown that IFN-induced transmembrane (IFITM) proteins, including IFITM1, IFITM2, and IFITM3, restrict a broad range of viruses. Here, we demonstrate that an IFITM2 isoform (Δ20 IFITM2) la...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Wu WL,Grotefend CR,Tsai MT,Wang YL,Radic V,Eoh H,Huang IC

更新日期：2017-07-03 00:00:00

abstract：:The demonstration of enzymatic capabilities of certain RNAs, in addition to their well-known template properties, has led to the recognition that RNAs are the only biological macromolecules that can function both as genotype and phenotype, hence raising the possibility of Darwinian selection and precellular evolution ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Diener TO

更新日期：1989-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Molecular dynamics simulations show that the desolvation rates of isotopes of Li(+), K(+), Rb(+), Ca(2+), Sr(2+), and Ba(2+) may have a relatively strong dependence on the metal cation mass. This inference is based on the observation that the exchange rate constant, k(wex), for water molecules in the first hydration s...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Hofmann AE,Bourg IC,DePaolo DJ

更新日期：2012-11-13 00:00:00

abstract：:A recent major conceptual advance has been the recognition of the importance of immune system-neuronal interactions in the modulation of brain function, one example of which is spinal pain processing in neuropathic states. Here, we report that in peripheral nerve-injured rats, the lysosomal cysteine protease cathepsin...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Clark AK,Yip PK,Grist J,Gentry C,Staniland AA,Marchand F,Dehvari M,Wotherspoon G,Winter J,Ullah J,Bevan S,Malcangio M

更新日期：2007-06-19 00:00:00

abstract：:Time-resolved optical measurements encompassing the femtoseconds to seconds time scales have been used to investigate Rhodobacter capsulatus reaction centers (RCs) in which the histidine residue at position 200 on the M polypeptide has been changed to a leucine by site-directed mutagenesis. The HisM200----Leu RC, whic...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Kirmaier C,Holten D,Bylina EJ,Youvan DC

更新日期：1988-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Urate oxidase (UOxase; urate:oxygen oxidoreductase, EC 1.7.3.3), which catalyzes the oxidation of uric acid to allantoin, is present in most mammals but is absent in humans and certain primates. A cDNA clone for UOxase containing an insert of 1.3 kilobases (kb) was isolated from a lambda gt11 cDNA library prepared fro...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Reddy PG,Nemali MR,Reddy MK,Reddy MN,Yuan PM,Yuen S,Laffler TG,Shiroza T,Kuramitsu HK,Usuda N

更新日期：1988-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Synapse formation at the neuromuscular junction (NMJ) requires an alternatively spliced variant of agrin (Z(+) agrin) that is produced only by neurons. Here, we show that Nova1 and Nova2, neuron-specific splicing factors identified as targets in autoimmune motor disease, are essential regulators of Z(+) agrin. Nova1/N...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Ruggiu M,Herbst R,Kim N,Jevsek M,Fak JJ,Mann MA,Fischbach G,Burden SJ,Darnell RB

更新日期：2009-03-03 00:00:00

abstract：:A series of small peptides corresponding to the amino termini of the fibrin alpha- and beta-chains has been synthesized. The peptides glycyl-L-prolyl-L-arginyl-L-proline and glycyl-L-prolyl-L-arginylsarcosine are potent inhibitors of fibrin polymerization. Moreover, these peptides have a natural stability stemming fro...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Laudano AP,Doolittle RF

更新日期：1978-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A library of Photobacterium phosphoreum DNA was screened in lambda 2001 for the lumazine protein gene, using two degenerate 17-mer oligonucleotide probes that were deduced from a partial protein primary sequence. The lumazine protein gene was localized to a 3.4-kilobase BamHI/EcoRI fragment in one clone. The fragment ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： O'Kane DJ,Woodward B,Lee J,Prasher DC

更新日期：1991-02-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Hereditary hemochromatosis (HH) is a common genetic disorder characterized by excess absorption of dietary iron and progressive iron deposition in several tissues, particularly liver. The vast majority of individuals with HH are homozygous for mutations in the HFE gene. Recently a second transferrin receptor (TFR2) wa...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Fleming RE,Ahmann JR,Migas MC,Waheed A,Koeffler HP,Kawabata H,Britton RS,Bacon BR,Sly WS

更新日期：2002-08-06 00:00:00

abstract：:We examined the DNA and RNA of fresh leukemic cells (five patients) and long-term cultured T lymphocytes (four patients) from patients with adult T-cell leukemia for the presence of human T-cell leukemia virus (HTLV-I) sequences. In all cases HTLV-I provirus was found and several species of viral mRNAs were observed i...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Franchini G,Wong-Staal F,Gallo RC

更新日期：1984-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Environmental cues modulate a variety of intracellular pathways whose signaling is integrated by the molecular mechanism that constitutes the circadian clock. Although the essential gears of the circadian machinery have been elucidated, very little is known about the signaling systems regulating it. Here, we report th...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Yujnovsky I,Hirayama J,Doi M,Borrelli E,Sassone-Corsi P

更新日期：2006-04-18 00:00:00

abstract：:After males of Lasioglossum zephyrum (Hymenoptera: Halictidae) have first been exposed to a conspecific female, the attractiveness of a second female diminishes with increasing genealogical relationship between the two females. The most parsimonious explanation for this is a polygenically controlled female sex pheromo...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Smith BH

更新日期：1983-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The late Pleistocene witnessed the extinction of 35 genera of North American mammals. The last appearance dates of 16 of these genera securely fall between 12,000 and 10,000 radiocarbon years ago (approximately 13,800-11,400 calendar years B.P.), although whether the absence of fossil occurrences for the remaining 19 ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Faith JT,Surovell TA

更新日期：2009-12-08 00:00:00