Abstract:
:A Raleigh, NC, population of Drosophila melanogaster was sampled for the presence of enzyme null alleles at 25 loci. No nulls were found at any of five X-linked loci. Nulls were recovered at 13 of 20 autosomal loci; the weighted mean frequency for all 20 autosomal loci was estimated to be 0.0025. A consideration of the effects of these null alleles on viability strongly suggests that, although they may contribute to so-called polygenic variation, they are not representative of the entire genome.
journal_name
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S Aauthors
Voelker RA,Langley CH,Brown AJ,Ohnishi S,Dickson B,Montgomery E,Smith SCdoi
10.1073/pnas.77.2.1091subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1980-02-01 00:00:00pages
1091-5issue
2eissn
0027-8424issn
1091-6490journal_volume
77pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Dendritic spines receive most synaptic inputs in the forebrain. Their morphology, with a spine head isolated from the dendrite by a slender neck, indicates a potential role in isolating inputs. Indeed, biochemical compartmentalization occurs at spine heads because of the diffusional bottleneck created by the spine nec...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0608755103
更新日期:2006-11-21 00:00:00
abstract::Down syndrome (DS) is the most common form of intellectual disability. The cognitive alterations in DS are thought to depend on brain regions critical for learning and memory such as the prefrontal cortex (PFC) and the hippocampus (HPC). Neuroimaging studies suggest that increased brain connectivity correlates with lo...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1921314117
更新日期:2020-05-26 00:00:00
abstract::Considerable effort has been directed toward controlling tuberculosis, which kills almost two million people yearly. High on the research agenda is the discovery of biomarkers of active tuberculosis (TB) for diagnosis and for monitoring treatment outcome. Rational biomarker discovery requires understanding host-pathog...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1009080107
更新日期:2010-08-17 00:00:00
abstract::The prohibitin (PHB)-domain proteins are membrane proteins that regulate a variety of biological activities, including mechanosensation, osmotic homeostasis, and cell signaling, although the mechanism of this regulation is unknown. We have studied two members of this large protein family, MEC-2, which is needed for to...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0607465103
更新日期:2006-11-14 00:00:00
abstract::Activating mutations of the p110 alpha subunit of PI3K (PIK3CA) oncogene have been identified in a broad spectrum of malignant tumors. However, their role in benign or preneoplastic conditions is unknown. Activating FGF receptor 3 (FGFR3) mutations are common in benign skin lesions, either as embryonic mutations in ep...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0705218104
更新日期:2007-08-14 00:00:00
abstract::By indirect immunofluorescence techniques, microtubules and mitochondria were localized in normal rat kidney cells, human WI38 fibroblasts, mouse peritoneal macrophages, and a putative smooth muscle rat cell line, in monolayer culture. The mitochondria were found to be arranged along the cytoplasmic microtubules in ea...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.75.8.3863
更新日期:1978-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Current knowledge of the evolution of the postcranial skeleton in the genus Homo is hampered by a geographically and chronologically scattered fossil record. Here we present a complete characterization of the postcranium of the middle Pleistocene paleodeme from the Sima de los Huesos (SH) and its paleobiological impli...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1514828112
更新日期:2015-09-15 00:00:00
abstract::Recent advances in our understanding of the immune response are allowing for the logical design of new approaches to cancer immunization. One area of interest is the development of new immune adjuvants. Immunostimulatory oligodeoxynucleotides containing the CpG motif (CpG ODN) can induce production of a wide variety o...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.94.20.10833
更新日期:1997-09-30 00:00:00
abstract::Methotrexate (MTX) conjugated to a Mr 3000 poly(L-Lys) markedly inhibits the growth of Pro-3 MtxRII5-3 Chinese hamster ovarian cells, a mutant line known to be drug resistant because of defective MTX transport. In these cells, membrane transport of [3H]MTX-poly(Lys) is sharply decreased by addition of 0.5- to 2.5-fold...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.78.12.7589
更新日期:1981-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) RNA was encapsulated in large, unilamellar phospholipid vesicles (liposomes), and the encapsulated TMV RNA was shown to be infectious when incubated with tobacco protoplasts under appropriate conditions. Maximal virus production in protoplasts was observed after their incubation with TMV RNA...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.79.6.1859
更新日期:1982-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::We have developed a low stringency polymerase chain reaction (LSPCR) to isolate the unknown neighboring region around a known DNA sequence, thus allowing efficient targeted gene walking. The method involves the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) with a single primer under conditions of low stringency for primer annealing...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.91.8.2975
更新日期:1994-04-12 00:00:00
abstract::Ca2+ influx through voltage-gated Ca2+ channels and the resulting elevation of intracellular Ca2+ concentration, [Ca2+]i, triggers transmitter release in nerve terminals. However, it is controversial whether in addition to the opening of Ca2+ channels, membrane potential directly affects transmitter release. Here, we ...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.2433276100
更新日期:2003-12-09 00:00:00
abstract::Sera from 11 individuals which were classified as Lp(a-) by direct gel diffusion and by absorption tests showed the presence of Lp(a) lipoprotein when the sera were concentrated 120-fold. This Lp(a) antigen was demonstrated by gel diffusion to be indistinguishable from Lp-lipoprotein isolated from known Lp(a+) sera. T...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.66.1.99
更新日期:1970-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::In an earlier report, evidence was presented that the down-regulation of beta-actin mRNA during myogenesis was controlled by a region 3' to the promoter of the gene. In this paper we report the location of this regulatory sequence, determined by deletion analysis and the use of chimeric genes, transfected stably into ...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.85.5.1389
更新日期:1988-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Molecular targeting of the two receptor interaction domains of the epigenetic repressor silencing mediator of retinoid and thyroid hormone receptors (SMRT(mRID)) produced a transplantable skeletal syndrome that reduced radial bone growth, increased numbers of bone-resorbing periosteal osteoclasts, and increased bone f...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1318974110
更新日期:2013-11-19 00:00:00
abstract::Astrocytes purified from primary cultures of neonatal rat cerebrum can now be grown in a synthetic medium supplemented with putrescine, prostaglandin F2 alpha, insulin, fibroblast growth factor, and hydrocortisone. These five supplements have a marked synergistic effect on growth when used in combination but have litt...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.78.11.7205
更新日期:1981-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cleavage of precursor proteins occurs during assembly of numerous viruses. Seven bacteriophage T4 head-related proteins areknown to be cleaved during morphogenesis. Sequences surrounding the cleavage sites in T4 head precursors P23 and IPIII are reported here. We previously determined the sequences of precursor and pr...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.73.11.4205
更新日期:1976-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Plant RHO GTPases (RAC/ROPs) mediate multiple extracellular signals ranging from hormone to stress and regulate diverse cellular processes important for polarized cell growth, differentiation, development, reproduction, and responses to the environment. They shuttle between the GDP-bound inactive state and the GTP-bou...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1005366107
更新日期:2010-10-12 00:00:00
abstract::A long-term electrophoretic survey of genetic variants of serum albumin has identified an alloalbumin in 589 unrelated individuals in Italy. The alloalbumins were classified electrophoretically into 17 types. The number of unrelated carriers for each type varied from 1 for several variants reported here to 103 for alb...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.87.22.8721
更新日期:1990-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::This report provides direct evidence that strigolactone (SL) positively regulates drought and high salinity responses in Arabidopsis. Both SL-deficient and SL-response [more axillary growth (max)] mutants exhibited hypersensitivity to drought and salt stress, which was associated with shoot- rather than root-related t...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1322135111
更新日期:2014-01-14 00:00:00
abstract::Water dynamics in concentrated ionic solutions plays an important role in a number of material and energy conversion processes such as the charge transfer at the electrolyte-electrode interface in aqueous rechargeable ion batteries. One long-standing puzzle is that all electrolytes, regardless of their "structure-maki...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1707453114
更新日期:2017-09-19 00:00:00
abstract::Mitochondrial DNAs were prepared from maize lines with normal cytoplasm and with the T, C, S, and EP sources of male-sterile cytoplasms. Agarose gel electrophoresis of these preparations revealed a main high-molecular-weight DNA band. In addition, the S cytoplasm was characterized by the presence of two faster migrati...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.74.7.2904
更新日期:1977-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effects of three anti-inflammatory drugs, which interfere with arachidonic acid transformation by three different enzymes, have been compared by using a simple model of tissue damage and foreign body rejection. In groups of control rats, subcutaneously implanted polyester sponges were rejected after a mean of 12 d...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.81.9.2890
更新日期:1984-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Mechanisms underlying age-related obesity and insulin resistance are generally unknown. Here, we report age-related adipose vascular changes markedly modulated fat mass, adipocyte functions, blood lipid composition, and insulin sensitivity. Notably, VEGF expression levels in various white adipose tissues (WATs) underw...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1415825111
更新日期:2014-10-14 00:00:00
abstract::We performed a genome-wide analysis of gene expression in primary human CD15(+) myeloid progenitor cells. By using the serial analysis of gene expression (SAGE) technique, we obtained quantitative information for the expression of 37,519 unique SAGE-tag sequences. Of these unique tags, (i) 25% were detected at high an...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.051013798
更新日期:2001-03-13 00:00:00
abstract::Extracellular cAMP plays a crucial role in regulating the developmental program of Dictyostelium discoideum, functioning as a chemotactic agent, as well as a signal that regulates expression of developmentally expressed genes. These activities appear to be mediated by a cell-surface receptor for cAMP. We have studied ...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.84.4.1030
更新日期:1987-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::We have developed a modified rhodamine (Rho) staining procedure to study uptake and efflux in murine hematopoietic stem cells. Distinct populations of Rho++ (bright), Rho+ (dull), and Rho- (negative) cells could be discriminated. Sorted Rho- cells were subjected to a second Rho staining procedure with the P-glycoprote...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.92.19.8901
更新日期:1995-09-12 00:00:00
abstract::An expression is produced for the Casimir energy of a dielectric medium with a spherically symmetrical dielectric discontinuity. Tests based on dielectric and geometrical limits are successful. ...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.89.23.11118
更新日期:1992-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::We recently showed that the mammalian genome encodes >1,000 large intergenic noncoding (linc)RNAs that are clearly conserved across mammals and, thus, functional. Gene expression patterns have implicated these lincRNAs in diverse biological processes, including cell-cycle regulation, immune surveillance, and embryonic...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0904715106
更新日期:2009-07-14 00:00:00
abstract::Combined intracellular and microfluorometric recording techniques were used to evaluate whether the inhibition by cholinergic or adrenergic transmitters of the Ca2(+)-activated potassium current (IAHP) in hippocampal CA3 pyramidal cells was mediated by an alteration of depolarization-induced change in cytosolic free C...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.87.11.4083
更新日期:1990-06-01 00:00:00