Epithelial cell death and cyclic AMP increase during palatal development.

abstract：:Ubiquitin is a highly conserved protein that is encoded by a multigene family. It is generally believed that this gene family is subject to concerted evolution, which homogenizes the member genes of the family. However, protein homogeneity can be attained also by strong purifying selection. We therefore studied the pr...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Nei M,Rogozin IB,Piontkivska H

更新日期：2000-09-26 00:00:00

abstract：:RNA-dependent RNA polymerases (RdRps) of the Nidovirales (Coronaviridae, Arteriviridae, and 12 other families) are linked to an amino-terminal (N-terminal) domain, called NiRAN, in a nonstructural protein (nsp) that is released from polyprotein 1ab by the viral main protease (Mpro). Previously, self-GMPylation/UMPylat...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Slanina H,Madhugiri R,Bylapudi G,Schultheiß K,Karl N,Gulyaeva A,Gorbalenya AE,Linne U,Ziebuhr J

更新日期：2021-02-09 00:00:00

abstract：:A single, modified nucleoside in Escherichia coli tRNA, 6-(3-methyl-2-butenylamino)-2-methyl-thio-9-beta-D-ribofuranosylpurine, has been desulfurized with Raney nickel to afford its probable biosynthetic precursor. The limitations of the reaction at the nucleoside and tRNA levels and its lack of inhibition of the amin...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Hecht SM,Kirkegaard LH,Bock RM

更新日期：1971-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Pathway proteomics strategies measure protein expression changes in specific cellular processes that carry out related functions. Using targeted tandem mass tags-based sample multiplexing, hundreds of proteins can be quantified across 10 or more samples simultaneously. To facilitate these highly complex experiments, w...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Yu Q,Xiao H,Jedrychowski MP,Schweppe DK,Navarrete-Perea J,Knott J,Rogers J,Chouchani ET,Gygi SP

更新日期：2020-05-05 00:00:00

abstract：:Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) is important in reproduction, although the mechanism of central hypogonadism in humans remains unclear. Because the GnRH neuron originates from the olfactory placode and migrates to the hypothalamus during development, central hypogonadism in humans could be caused by failure in n...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Radovick S,Wray S,Lee E,Nicols DK,Nakayama Y,Weintraub BD,Westphal H,Cutler GB Jr,Wondisford FE

更新日期：1991-04-15 00:00:00

abstract：:The three-dimensional structures of avian H5 and swine H9 influenza hemagglutinins (HAs) from viruses closely related to those that caused outbreaks of human disease in Hong Kong in 1997 and 1999 were determined bound to avian and human cell receptor analogs. Emerging influenza pandemics have been accompanied by the e...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Ha Y,Stevens DJ,Skehel JJ,Wiley DC

更新日期：2001-09-25 00:00:00

abstract：:Egg activation is the process by which a mature oocyte becomes capable of supporting embryo development. In vertebrates and echinoderms, activation is induced by fertilization. Molecules introduced into the egg by the sperm trigger progressive release of intracellular calcium stores in the oocyte. Calcium wave(s) spre...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Kaneuchi T,Sartain CV,Takeo S,Horner VL,Buehner NA,Aigaki T,Wolfner MF

更新日期：2015-01-20 00:00:00

abstract：:Mechanisms and signals that regulate transcriptional coactivators are still largely unknown. Here we provide genetic evidence for a repressor that interacts with and regulates the nuclear receptor coactivator PGC-1. Association with the repressor requires a PGC-1 protein interface that is similar to the one used by nu...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Knutti D,Kressler D,Kralli A

更新日期：2001-08-14 00:00:00

abstract：:Coagulation is an innate defense mechanism intended to limit blood loss and trap invading pathogens during infection. However, Staphylococcus aureus has the ability to hijack the coagulation cascade and generate clots via secretion of coagulases. Although many S. aureus have this characteristic, some do not. The popul...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Trivedi U,Madsen JS,Everett J,Fell C,Russel J,Haaber J,Crosby HA,Horswill AR,Burmølle M,Rumbaugh KP,Sørensen SJ

更新日期：2018-12-11 00:00:00

abstract：:Although gamma frequency oscillations are common in the brain, their functional contributions to neural computation are not understood. Here we report in vitro electrophysiological recordings to evaluate how noisy gamma frequency oscillatory input interacts with the overall activation level of a neuron to determine th...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Markowitz DA,Collman F,Brody CD,Hopfield JJ,Tank DW

更新日期：2008-06-17 00:00:00

abstract：:Dysregulation of cyclin-dependent kinase 5 (cdk5) per relative concentrations of its activators p35 and p25 is implicated in neurodegenerative diseases. P35 has a short t½ and undergoes rapid proteasomal degradation in its membrane-bound myristoylated form. P35 is converted by calpain to p25, which, along with an exte...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Tsai SY,Pokrass MJ,Klauer NR,Nohara H,Su TP

更新日期：2015-05-26 00:00:00

abstract：:Members of the CCAAT-binding transcription factor (CTF) family of proteins stimulate the initiation of adenovirus DNA replication and act as transcriptional activators. To investigate the mechanisms underlying CTF-mediated transactivation patterns, we expressed several natural CTF variants in Saccharomyces cerevisiae ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Altmann H,Wendler W,Winnacker EL

更新日期：1994-04-26 00:00:00

abstract：:The rpoS gene of Escherichia coli encodes a putative RNA polymerase sigma factor that is considered to be the central regulator of gene expression in stationary phase. The gene product (sigma 38) was overproduced using the cloned rpoS gene and purified to homogeneity. Reconstituted RNA polymerase holoenzyme (E sigma 3...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Tanaka K,Takayanagi Y,Fujita N,Ishihama A,Takahashi H

更新日期：1993-04-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Phosphorylation of the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) by cAMP-dependent protein kinase leads to chloride flux in epithelial cells. Is CFTR also required for the calcium-dependent activation of chloride channels? We used antisense oligodeoxynucleotides to CFTR to reduce the expression of CFT...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Wagner JA,McDonald TV,Nghiem PT,Lowe AW,Schulman H,Gruenert DC,Stryer L,Gardner P

更新日期：1992-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Musical training is known to modify cortical organization. Here, we show that such modifications extend to subcortical sensory structures and generalize to processing of speech. Musicians had earlier and larger brainstem responses than nonmusician controls to both speech and music stimuli presented in auditory and aud...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Musacchia G,Sams M,Skoe E,Kraus N

更新日期：2007-10-02 00:00:00

abstract：:In vitro, polynucleotide phosphorylase of Escherichia coli can both synthesize RNA by using nucleotide diphosphates as precursors and exonucleolytically degrade RNA in the presence of inorganic phosphate. However, because of the high in vivo concentration of inorganic phosphate in exponentially growing cells, it has b...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Mohanty BK,Kushner SR

更新日期：2000-10-24 00:00:00

abstract：:We present a unique proxy for the reconstruction of variation in precipitation over the Amazon: oxygen isotope ratios in annual rings in tropical cedar (Cedrela odorata). A century-long record from northern Bolivia shows that tree rings preserve the signal of oxygen isotopes in precipitation during the wet season, wit...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Brienen RJ,Helle G,Pons TL,Guyot JL,Gloor M

更新日期：2012-10-16 00:00:00

abstract：:The amphiphilic fluorescent styryl pyridinium dyes FM1-43 and FM4-64 are used to probe activity-dependent synaptic vesicle cycling in neurons. Cultured astrocytes can internalize FM1-43 and FM4-64 inside vesicles but their uptake is insensitive to the elevation of cytosolic calcium (Ca(2+)) concentration and the under...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Li D,Hérault K,Oheim M,Ropert N

更新日期：2009-12-22 00:00:00

abstract：:Wild-type newborn mice are characterized by the ability of certain liver-specific genes encoding various enzymes and mapping on different chromosomes to respond to glucocorticoid induction. Newborn mice homozygous for deletions at and around the albino locus on chromosome 7 fail to develop this competence for hormone-...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： DeFranco D,Bali D,Torres R,DePinho RA,Erickson RP,Gluecksohn-Waelsch S

更新日期：1991-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Tropical forests hold most of Earth's biodiversity. Their continued loss through deforestation and agriculture is the main threat to species globally, more than disease, invasive species, and climate change. However, not all tropical forests have the same ability to sustain biodiversity. Those that have been disturbed...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Hedges SB,Cohen WB,Timyan J,Yang Z

更新日期：2018-11-13 00:00:00

abstract：:The counterintuitive features of quantum physics challenge many common-sense assumptions. In an interferometric quantum eraser experiment, one can actively choose whether or not to erase which-path information (a particle feature) of one quantum system and thus observe its wave feature via interference or not by perfo...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Ma XS,Kofler J,Qarry A,Tetik N,Scheidl T,Ursin R,Ramelow S,Herbst T,Ratschbacher L,Fedrizzi A,Jennewein T,Zeilinger A

更新日期：2013-01-22 00:00:00

abstract：:Since the demonstration that the sequence of a protein encodes its structure, the prediction of structure from sequence remains an outstanding problem that impacts numerous scientific disciplines, including many genome projects. By iteratively fixing secondary structure assignments of residues during Monte Carlo simul...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： DeBartolo J,Colubri A,Jha AK,Fitzgerald JE,Freed KF,Sosnick TR

更新日期：2009-03-10 00:00:00

abstract：:More than half of all Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi genes still remain unannotated. Although pathogenesis of S. Typhi is incompletely understood, treatment of typhoid fever is complicated by the emergence of drug resistance. Effectiveness of the currently available vaccines is also limited. In search of novel viru...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Ghosh S,Chakraborty K,Nagaraja T,Basak S,Koley H,Dutta S,Mitra U,Das S

更新日期：2011-02-22 00:00:00

abstract：:Karrikins are a class of seed germination stimulants identified in smoke from wildfires. Microarray analysis of imbibed Arabidopsis thaliana seeds was performed to identify transcriptional responses to KAR(1) before germination. A small set of genes that are regulated by KAR(1), even when germination is prevented by t...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Nelson DC,Flematti GR,Riseborough JA,Ghisalberti EL,Dixon KW,Smith SM

更新日期：2010-04-13 00:00:00

abstract：:Transcript accumulation and translation of psbA as well as processing of the D1 precursor protein were investigated in relation to chlorophyll availability in vivo in cyanobacterial strains lacking photosystem I (PS I). The psbA transcript level was almost independent of chlorophyll availability and was approximately ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： He Q,Vermaas W

更新日期：1998-05-12 00:00:00

abstract：:Signaling through the Toll receptor is required for dorsal/ventral polarity in Drosophila embryos, and also plays an evolutionarily conserved role in the immune response. Upon ligand binding, Toll appears to multimerize and activate the associated kinase, Pelle. However, the immediate downstream targets of Pelle have ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Shen B,Liu H,Skolnik EY,Manley JL

更新日期：2001-07-17 00:00:00

abstract：:A genomic clone containing two linked human pregnancy-specific beta 1-glycoprotein (PS beta G) genes has been isolated and characterized. The two genes are arranged in the same 5'----3' orientation; the 3' region (including the A2 and B-C exons) of the upstream gene, PSGGA, is linked to the 5' region (including the 5'...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Leslie KK,Watanabe S,Lei KJ,Chou DY,Plouzek CA,Deng HC,Torres J,Chou JY

更新日期：1990-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Resistance to ionizing radiation (IR), which is a conventional treatment for osteosarcoma that cannot be resected, undermines the efficacy of this therapy. However, the mechanism by which IR induces radioresistance in osteosarcoma is not defined. Here, we report that CR6-interacting factor-1 (CRIF1) is highly expresse...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Ran Q,Jin F,Xiang Y,Xiang L,Wang Q,Li F,Chen L,Zhang Y,Wu C,Zhou L,Xiao Y,Chen L,Wu J,Zhong JF,Li SC,Li Z

更新日期：2019-10-08 00:00:00

abstract：:Activation of eukaryotic class II gene expression involves the formation of a transcription initiation complex that includes RNA polymerase II, general transcription factors, and SRB components of the holoenzyme. Negative regulators of transcription have been described, but it is not clear whether any are general repr...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Gadbois EL,Chao DM,Reese JC,Green MR,Young RA

更新日期：1997-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Throughout the world, efforts are under way to restore watersheds, but restoration planning rarely accounts for future climate change. Using a series of linked models of climate, land cover, hydrology, and salmon population dynamics, we investigated the impacts of climate change on the effectiveness of proposed habita...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Battin J,Wiley MW,Ruckelshaus MH,Palmer RN,Korb E,Bartz KK,Imaki H

更新日期：2007-04-17 00:00:00