Abstract：
:The normal growth and development of the prostate requires the presence and action of androgens, which are also known risk factors in the origins of benign and malignant prostate disease. Paradoxically, the incidence of prostate disease increases with age when serum androgen levels are in decline and emerging evidence suggests that estrogens may also be important in the normal prostate, as well as in the etiology of prostate disease. Both estrogen receptor subtypes are present in the prostate, demonstrating that the gland responds directly to estrogens. Recent data suggests that estrogens play a role in prostate disease and has demonstrated that high doses of estrogens induce premalignant dysplasia and in combination with high doses of androgens, malignancy. The production of estrogens from androgens is mediated by the aromatase enzyme, the aberrant expression of which plays a critical role in the disease process in other tissues, most notably the breast. The prostate expresses aromatase within the stroma of benign tissue, while in malignancy there is an induction of epithelial expression with altered promoter utilisation. Although the presence of aromatase in the prostate and its aberrant expression in prostate cancer is significant, its role and contribution to prostate carcinogenesis remains unclear. Transgenic mouse models lacking aromatase (ArKO) and over-expressing aromatase (AROM+) have provided an ideal means to examine aromatase expression in the prostate. Studies using these animals may lead to a better understanding of the role that aromatase--and therefore estrogen--plays in the development and progression of prostate disease.
journal_name
Minerva Endocrinoljournal_title
Minerva endocrinologicaauthors
Ellem SJ,Risbridger GPkeywords:
subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2006-03-01 00:00:00pages
1-12issue
1eissn
0391-1977issn
1827-1634journal_volume
31pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract：:Hyperhomocysteinemia is a well-established risk factor for cardiovascular disease. Various factors, both modifiable and non-modifiable, interact with the homocysteine metabolism and determine the plasma homocysteine concentrations. These include genetic abnormalities, age, sex and various nutritional and hormonal dete...
journal_title：Minerva endocrinologica
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：2002-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The present insulin preparations are not ideal for diabetes therapy by subcutaneous administration, subcutaneous insulin absorption is too slow to mimic the normal rapid increments of insulin in blood in response to nutrient intake. The absorption of insulin from subcutaneous tissue is influenced by many factors, amon...
journal_title：Minerva endocrinologica
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1996-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:The aim of this study was to evaluate long-term effectiveness and safety of liraglutide in real world. METHODS:A diabetes clinic in Italy systematically collected data of all patients treated with liraglutide. Generalized hierarchical linear regression models for repeated measures were applied to assess tre...
journal_title：Minerva endocrinologica
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2016-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The present paper reports our personal data on gonadotropin therapy in patients with idiopathic secretory oligozoospermia due to a low biological activity of LH. In recent years the use of more specific diagnostic procedures, particularly the biological assay of gonadotropins, and a better knowledge of the biological ...
journal_title：Minerva endocrinologica
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1990-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This review concerns the relation between most frequent thyroid gland diseases and diabetes mellitus in adult patients. Special attention is paid to autoimmune thyroiditis, Graves' disease, thyroid autoimmunity in pregnant diabetic women, and iodine metabolism. We focused on mechanisms leading to coexistence of both e...
journal_title：Minerva endocrinologica
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：2005-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Very-low-calorie ketogenic diet (VLCKD) is a promising lifestyle intervention for the management of overweight and obesity. It is characterized by a restriction of both calories and carbohydrates, while assuring the adequate proteins, fats and micronutrients intake. Significant results in terms of excess body weight l...
journal_title：Minerva endocrinologica
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.23736/S0391-1977.20.03356-8
更新日期：2020-11-19 00:00:00
abstract：:The coexistence of Graves' disease and insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus is well known among autoimmune polyglandular syndromes and sustained by common underlying immune pathogenic factors. Hyperthyroidism itself may lead to impaired glucose tolerance in subjects with intact beta-cell function through various not we...
journal_title：Minerva endocrinologica
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1992-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In health, growth hormone (GH) is secreted in a circadian rhythm with superimposed pulsatility. Temporal fluctuations of hormone concentrations are essential for physiological action, and loss of diurnal rhythm is important in the development of disease. GH feedback occurs through the hypothalamus and involves neurope...
journal_title：Minerva endocrinologica
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：2003-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A 49-year-old man presented with a 6-month history of weight loss, muscular weakness, easy fatigue, impotence, decreased visual acuity, campimetry defects. The results of radiologic and endocrine testing disclosed the presence of pituitary dysfunction due to pituitary stalk section caused by a giant suprasellar aneury...
journal_title：Minerva endocrinologica
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1989-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:The aim of this study was to compare the diagnostic accuracy of fine needle biopsy (FNB) and intraoperative frozen-section biopsy (FS) regarding the surgical management of thyroid nodules. METHODS:A total of 812 patients with solitary nodule or dominant nodule in a multinodular goiter were evaluated. The pa...
journal_title：Minerva endocrinologica
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1997-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The presence of islet cell autoantibodies (ICA), and especially of glutamic acid decarboxylase autoantibodies (GAD65Ab), in patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus identifies the so-called latent autoimmune diabetes in the adult (LADA). LADA patients have an increased risk for developing insulin deficien...
journal_title：Minerva endocrinologica
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：2003-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Loss of estrogens or androgens causes bone loss by increasing the rate of bone remodeling, and also causes an imbalance between resorption and formation by prolonging the lifespan of osteoclasts and shortening the lifespan of osteoblasts. Conversely, treatment with androgens, as well as estrogens, maintains cancellous...
journal_title：Minerva endocrinologica
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：2005-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：AIM:The aim of this paper was to compare serum high sensitivity C-reactive protein (HsCRP) levels and carotid artery intima-media thickness (CIMT) of patients with impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) or impaired fasting glucose (IFG) with that in control subjects. METHODS:Ninety-six subjects with prediabetes, 48 with IFG...
journal_title：Minerva endocrinologica
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2013-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The authors present 6 cases of carotid glomus tumours referred to their attention over the past 10 years. Their experience shows that colour ultrasonography (using both morphological and functional evaluation) is the diagnostic key for defining the treatment of paraganglioma. More recent experience highlights the role...
journal_title：Minerva endocrinologica
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2001-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Acromegaly is a rare disease characterized by high levels of growth hormone (GH) and insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1). The excess of GH leads to the development of different manifestations in different organs, from subtle signs in the bones and soft tissues to the development of respiratory and cardiac insufficien...
journal_title：Minerva endocrinologica
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.23736/S0391-1977.18.02930-9
更新日期：2019-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The Authors report a case of left adrenal mass incidentally discovered by upper abdominal echogram in a 40 year old man. Physical examination showed no signs of hypercortisolism and plasma cortisol and ACTH levels were in the normal range as well as urinary free cortisol. After adrenalectomy, 4 and 8 month follow-up w...
journal_title：Minerva endocrinologica
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1991-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:For decades gross-total resection was the preferred treatment option in childhood-onset craniopharyngioma, assuming that radical strategies at the time of initial diagnosis and treatment would result in cure. Recent reports on long-term prognosis, novel treatment approaches, and molecular genetics provide new insights...
journal_title：Minerva endocrinologica
pub_type： 杂志文章,meta分析,评审
doi：10.23736/S0391-1977.17.02615-3
更新日期：2017-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：: ...
journal_title：Minerva endocrinologica
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.23736/S0391-1977.18.02852-3
更新日期：2019-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Central adrenal insufficiency (AI) represents a life-threatening disorder that results from a reduced cortisol production due to an impairment production of adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH). In particular, secondary AI results from pituitary disease that impedes the release of ACTH, while tertiary AI is caused from ...
journal_title：Minerva endocrinologica
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.23736/S0391-1977.17.02701-8
更新日期：2018-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：AIM:The efficacy of low and high fixed dose radioactive iodine (RAI) therapy in patients with toxic nodular goiter was investigated. METHODS:Ninety-three patients (25 males, 68 females) were included into the study (32 patients with toxic adenoma, 61 patients with toxic multinodular goiter). Patients were treated with...
journal_title：Minerva endocrinologica
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2011-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a complex endocrine disorder with well-established metabolic abnormalities. In the present study, untargeted metabolomics technology was applied to analyze the serum and follicular fluid samples from women with polycystic ovary syndrome and healthy controls using 1H nuclea...
journal_title：Minerva endocrinologica
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.23736/S0391-1977.20.03199-5
更新日期：2020-10-26 00:00:00
abstract：:Many hormones and some neuropeptides and neurotransmitters play a key role in regulating numerous lymphoid cell functions. In particular, somatostatin (ss), substance P (sp) and vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (vip) appear to be involved in numerous regulating mechanisms of cell activities in the immune system under...
journal_title：Minerva endocrinologica
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：2001-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：AIM:The aim of this paper was to determine the prevalence of altered sensorium and their determinants in diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA). METHODS:Retrospective review of medical records for diabetic ketoacidosis admissions over a two year period. RESULTS:A total of 94 admissions for DKA in 89 patients were reviewed. Majo...
journal_title：Minerva endocrinologica
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2011-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The majority of patients with differentiated thyroid cancer are cured with standard primary treatments including surgery, radioactive iodine and TSH suppression. A small proportion of patients who develop radioactive iodine-refractory metastatic disease have few treatment options. Recent discovery of the molecular mec...
journal_title：Minerva endocrinologica
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：2012-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The major issue currently being faced in the management of prostate cancer is the inability to distinguish between indolent prostate tumors that will not present clinically from more aggressive and metastatic prostate cancers that will impact on men's lives. Only a small proportion of prostate cancers can be accounted...
journal_title：Minerva endocrinologica
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：2012-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：: ...
journal_title：Minerva endocrinologica
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.23736/S0391-1977.18.02736-0
更新日期：2019-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Thyroid nodule is extremely common. Its prevalence has been estimated to be more than 5% in the adult population. If thyroid nodule is a rare condition, 0.004% a year, identifying those nodules, which are likely to be malignant, is very important for physicians. The evaluation of thyroid is carried out using the fine ...
journal_title：Minerva endocrinologica
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1993-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The characterisation of adrenal lesions is a common radiological dilemma. Incidental adrenal lesions are commonly detected with computed tomography (CT), and lesion characterisation is critical. The prevalence of incidental adrenal lesions has been reported to be 2.3% at autopsy and 0.5-2% with abdominal CT. Such lesi...
journal_title：Minerva endocrinologica
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：2009-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A 54-year-old woman presented with an expansive mass in the anterior cervical region (front of the neck) with abscess. Laboratory tests and thyroid profile proved normal. Surgical exploration revealed a hydatid cyst in the left lobe of the thyroid gland with parasitic metastasis of the left lateral cervical lymph node...
journal_title：Minerva endocrinologica
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1999-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In 51 patients with gastric adenocarcinoma the fasting blood concentrations of hCG, beta hCG, alpha subunits, ADH, calcitonin, enteroglucagon, gastrin, GH, melatonin, somatostatin, estradiol, CEA and pepsinogen I in the peripheral vein were estimated by radioimmunoassay at the time of diagnosis and, in those who under...
journal_title：Minerva endocrinologica
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1991-07-01 00:00:00
