当前位置： SCI文献检索 > ATHEROSCLEROSIS期刊下所有文献 > Intermittent claudication: an overview.

Intermittent claudication: an overview.

Abstract：

:Intermittent claudication (IC) is defined by leg muscle pain, cramping and fatigue brought on by ambulation/exercise; relieved on rest; and caused by inadequate blood supply and is the primary symptom of peripheral arterial disease (PAD). PAD has a detrimental effect on the quality of life. PAD is a debilitating atherosclerotic disease of the lower limbs and is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. IC is an extremely important marker of atheroma. Up to 60% patients with IC have significant underlying coronary and/or carotid disease and 40% of all patients suffering from IC die or suffer a stroke within 5 years of presentation. The therapeutic intervention of IC essentially aims at providing symptomatic relief and reducing the systemic cardiovascular complications. Although exercise therapy is one of the most efficacious conservative treatments for claudication, the pharmacotherapeutic goals can be best achieved through an increase in the walking capacity to improve quality of life and a decrease in rates of amputation. In the development of treatment for IC, an aggressive non-pharmacological intervention and pharmacological treatment of the risk factors associated with IC are considered. In the next 2 years, the results of major trials of drugs that stabilize and regress atherosclerosis such as statins and angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors, and anti-platelet agents, recombinant growth factors and immune modulators will be available for IC. Levocarnitine (l-carnitine) and a derivative, propionyl levocarnitine, are emerging agents that increase the pain-free walking and improve the quality of life in IC patients by working at the metabolism and exercise performance of ischemic muscles. This article provides a comprehensive review of the pathophysiology involved, diagnosis of IC and existing and emerging pharmacotherapies with rationale for their use in its treatment.

journal_name

Atherosclerosis

journal_title

Atherosclerosis

authors

Meru AV,Mittra S,Thyagarajan B,Chugh A

doi

10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2005.11.027

keywords:

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2006-08-01 00:00:00

pages

221-37

issue

2

eissn

0021-9150

issn

1879-1484

pii

S0021-9150(05)00777-X

journal_volume

187

pub_type

杂志文章,评审

相关文献

ATHEROSCLEROSIS文献大全
  • Type 2 diabetes is associated with impaired endothelium-dependent, flow-mediated dilation, but impaired glucose metabolism is not; The Hoorn Study.

    abstract：BACKGROUND:Type 2 diabetes (DM2) and impaired glucose metabolism (IGM) are associated with an increased cardiovascular disease risk. Impaired endothelial synthesis of nitric oxide (NO) is an important feature of atherothrombosis and can be estimated from endothelium-dependent flow-mediated dilation (FMD). It is controv...

    journal_title：Atherosclerosis

    pub_type： 杂志文章

    doi：10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2004.01.002

    authors： Henry RM,Ferreira I,Kostense PJ,Dekker JM,Nijpels G,Heine RJ,Kamp O,Bouter LM,Stehouwer CD

    更新日期：2004-05-01 00:00:00

  • The distribution of oxidatively-modified lysine in the human vasculature.

    abstract：:Fifty-seven sections of human vessels, collected in the Pathobiological Determinants of Atherosclerosis in Youth study from individuals aged 25-34, were stained with two monoclonal antibodies to oxidatively-modified lysine. Intensity and extent of immunoreactivity were graded by three pathologists. Aorta from a Watana...

    journal_title：Atherosclerosis

    pub_type： 杂志文章

    doi：10.1016/s0021-9150(99)00271-3

    authors： Sloop GD,Fallon KB,Lipscomb G,Takei H,Zieske A

    更新日期：2000-02-01 00:00:00

  • Prevention of oxLDL uptake leads to decreased atherosclerosis in hematopoietic NPC1-deficient Ldlr-/- mice.

    abstract：BACKGROUND AND AIMS:Atherosclerosis is a chronic inflammatory disease of medium and large vessels and is typically characterized by the predominant accumulation of low-density lipoprotein (LDL)-cholesterol inside macrophages that reside in the vessel walls. Previous studies clearly demonstrated an association specifica...

    journal_title：Atherosclerosis

    pub_type： 杂志文章

    doi：10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2016.10.038

    authors： Jeurissen MLJ,Walenbergh SMA,Houben T,Gijbels MJJ,Li J,Hendrikx T,Oligschlaeger Y,van Gorp PJ,Binder CJ,Donners MMPC,Shiri-Sverdlov R

    更新日期：2016-12-01 00:00:00

  • Serum β-carotene and the risk of sudden cardiac death in men: a population-based follow-up study.

    abstract：OBJECTIVES:To examine whether serum concentrations of carotenoids are related to the risk of sudden cardiac death (SCD) in middle-aged men. METHODS:The study population consisted of 1031 Finnish men aged 46-65 years of the Kuopio Ischemic Heart Disease Risk Factor (KIHD) cohort. Serum concentrations of carotenoids wer...

    journal_title：Atherosclerosis

    pub_type： 杂志文章

    doi：10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2012.10.077

    authors： Karppi J,Laukkanen JA,Mäkikallio TH,Ronkainen K,Kurl S

    更新日期：2013-01-01 00:00:00

  • Associations between serum lipoprotein(a) levels and the severity of coronary and aortic atherosclerosis.

    abstract：:To elucidate the associations between Lp(a) levels and coronary and aortic atherosclerosis, we performed aortic MRI in 143 patients undergoing coronary angiography. Severity of aortic atherosclerosis was represented as plaque scores. Of the 143 patients, 104 had coronary artery disease (CAD). Thoracic and abdominal ao...

    journal_title：Atherosclerosis

    pub_type： 杂志文章

    doi：10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2012.02.008

    authors： Momiyama Y,Ohmori R,Fayad ZA,Tanaka N,Kato R,Taniguchi H,Nagata M,Ohsuzu F

    更新日期：2012-05-01 00:00:00

  • Arteriosclerotic change in the human abdominal aorta in vivo in relation to coronary heart disease and risk factors.

    abstract：:In 137 living subjects, arteriosclerotic change in the human abdominal aorta was examined in relation to coronary heart disease (CHD) using a new ultrasonic method. The pressure strain elastic modulus (Ep) was calculated as an index of elastic properties from which arteriosclerotic change in the aorta was estimated. T...

    journal_title：Atherosclerosis

    pub_type： 杂志文章

    doi：10.1016/0021-9150(88)90036-6

    authors： Imura T,Yamamoto K,Satoh T,Mikami T,Yasuda H

    更新日期：1988-10-01 00:00:00

  • Effect of AMO 1618 on cholesterol and fatty acid metabolism in chickens and rats.

    abstract：:AMO 1618 (2-isopropyl-4-dimethylamino-5-methylphenyl-1-piperidine carboxylate methyl chloride) was added to corn-soy based diets and fed to 9-week-old female chickens for 3 weeks to measure the inhibition of hepatic beta-hydroxy-beta-methylglutaryl coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase and cholesterol 7 alpha-hydroxylase. Do...

    journal_title：Atherosclerosis

    pub_type： 杂志文章

    doi：10.1016/0021-9150(83)90111-9

    authors： Qureshi AA,Abuirmeileh N,Burger WC,Din ZZ,Elson CE

    更新日期：1983-02-01 00:00:00

  • A monoclonal antibody that recognizes hyaluronic acid binding region of aorta proteoglycans.

    abstract：:A chondroitin sulfate-dermatan sulfate proteoglycan was isolated from bovine aorta intima by extraction of the tissue with 4 M guanidine hydrochloride. The proteoglycan was purified by CsCl isopycnic centrifugation followed by gel filtration and ion exchange chromatography. A monoclonal antibody C8F4 was developed to ...

    journal_title：Atherosclerosis

    pub_type： 杂志文章

    doi：10.1016/0021-9150(93)90127-g

    authors： Radhakrishnamurthy B,Jeansonne N,Tracy RE,Berenson GS

    更新日期：1993-01-25 00:00:00

  • The effect of apolipoprotein E genotype on serum lipoprotein particle response to exercise.

    abstract：:Exercise affects lipoprotein metabolism and apolipoprotein E (Apo E) genotype may alter changes in lipoprotein subclasses that occur with exercise. The present study examined the effects of Apo E genotype (APOE) on the response of lipoprotein subclass concentrations to long-term exercise. A prospective longitudinal st...

    journal_title：Atherosclerosis

    pub_type： 杂志文章

    doi：10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2005.06.050

    authors： Seip RL,Otvos J,Bilbie C,Tsongalis GJ,Miles M,Zoeller R,Visich P,Gordon P,Angelopoulos TJ,Pescatello L,Moyna N,Thompson PD

    更新日期：2006-09-01 00:00:00

  • APOA5 gene polymorphism modulates levels of triglyceride, HDL cholesterol and FERHDL but is not a risk factor for coronary artery disease.

    abstract：:Variation in the APOA5 gene has been shown to be associated with triglyceride levels in several independent population studies. It was our objective to determine if a relationship existed between selected genotypes or haplotypes of the APOA5 gene and findings on selective coronary angiography (SCA) in an independent c...

    journal_title：Atherosclerosis

    pub_type： 杂志文章

    doi：10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2004.04.024

    authors： Lee KW,Ayyobi AF,Frohlich JJ,Hill JS

    更新日期：2004-09-01 00:00:00

  • Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma polymorphisms affect systemic inflammation and survival in end-stage renal disease patients starting renal replacement therapy.

    abstract：BACKGROUND:Inflammation may contribute to the markedly increased cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in end-stage renal disease (ESRD). However, the prevalence of inflammation varies in different ESRD populations. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma (PPAR-gamma) is an important nuclear signaling protein...

    journal_title：Atherosclerosis

    pub_type： 杂志文章

    doi：10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2005.01.033

    authors： Yao Q,Nordfors L,Axelsson J,Heimbürger O,Qureshi AR,Báràny P,Lindholm B,Lönnqvist F,Schalling M,Stenvinkel P

    更新日期：2005-09-01 00:00:00

  • Characterization of basement membrane collagens of bovine aortae.

    abstract：:Collagenous components were extracted from bovine aorta by pepsin digestion. Differential salt precipitations separated the interstitial from the basement membrane (BM) collagens, and the latter were subsequently separated into three distinct types. Ion exchange chromatography, SDS-slab gel electrophoresis, cyanogen b...

    journal_title：Atherosclerosis

    pub_type： 杂志文章

    doi：10.1016/0021-9150(84)90004-2

    authors： Leushner JR,Haust MD

    更新日期：1984-01-01 00:00:00

  • Validity of the ATP III diagnostic criteria for the metabolic syndrome in an elderly Italian Caucasian population: the Italian Longitudinal Study on Aging.

    abstract：:The metabolic syndrome (MetS) is represented by the co-occurrence of multiple metabolic and physiologic risk factors for both type 2 diabetes mellitus and atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases. In spite of its high frequency and association with morbidity and mortality in the adult population, very little is known a...

    journal_title：Atherosclerosis

    pub_type： 杂志文章

    doi：10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2007.08.002

    authors： Maggi S,Noale M,Zambon A,Limongi F,Romanato G,Crepaldi G,ILSA Working Group.

    更新日期：2008-04-01 00:00:00

  • The long-term effect of dietary supplementation with fish lipid concentrate on serum lipids, bleeding time, platelets and angina.

    abstract：:The effect of a fish lipid concentrate rich in eicosapentaenoic acid was studied in 107 subjects for periods up to 2 years. Ninety-two had heart disease or hyper-lipidaemia and 15 had no history of heart disease. Serum triglyceride levels were rapidly reduced, cholesterol fell more slowly but high density lipoprotein ...

    journal_title：Atherosclerosis

    pub_type： 杂志文章

    doi：10.1016/0021-9150(84)90003-0

    authors： Saynor R,Verel D,Gillott T

    更新日期：1984-01-01 00:00:00

  • Pathological and angiographic regression of coronary atherosclerosis by LDL-apheresis in a patient with familial hypercholesterolemia.

    abstract：:We present the case of a 42-year-old male with familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) who had received long-term low-density lipoprotein (LDL)-apheresis before death occurred, presumably from an arrhythmia. He had been treated with double filtration plasmapheresis (DFPP) for 4 years and selective LDL adsorbent plasmaphere...

    journal_title：Atherosclerosis

    pub_type： 杂志文章

    doi：10.1016/0021-9150(91)90239-y

    authors： Koga N,Iwata Y

    更新日期：1991-09-01 00:00:00

  • Nitric oxide synthase II (NOS II) gene expression correlates with atherosclerotic intimal thickening. Preventive effects of HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors.

    abstract：:HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors have been shown to be effective in primary and secondary prevention of coronary heart disease. Their mechanism of action is attributed to their cholesterol lowering activity but recent results seem to indicate additional effects related to the modulation of other processes that regulate th...

    journal_title：Atherosclerosis

    pub_type： 杂志文章

    doi：10.1016/s0021-9150(99)00084-2

    authors： Alfon J,Guasch JF,Berrozpe M,Badimon L

    更新日期：1999-08-01 00:00:00

  • Galectin-3 binding protein, coronary artery disease and cardiovascular mortality: Insights from the LURIC study.

    abstract：BACKGROUND AND AIMS:Galectin-3 binding protein (Gal-3BP) has been associated with inflammation and cancer, however, its role in coronary artery disease (CAD) and cardiovascular outcome remains unclear. METHODS:Gal-3BP plasma levels were measured by ELISA in 2922 individuals from the LURIC study (62.7 ± 10.6 years, 62....

    journal_title：Atherosclerosis

    pub_type： 杂志文章

    doi：10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2017.03.031

    authors： Gleissner CA,Erbel C,Linden F,Domschke G,Akhavanpoor M,Helmes CM,Doesch AO,Kleber ME,Katus HA,Maerz W

    更新日期：2017-05-01 00:00:00

  • DJ-1 protein regulates CD3+ T cell migration via overexpression of CXCR4 receptor.

    abstract：OBJECTIVE:DJ-1-a multifunctional protein responding to oxidative stress-is a possible regulator of the inflammatory response that plays an important role in atherosclerosis. Stromal cell-derived factor (SDF)-1 and its receptor, chemokine receptor type 4 (CXCR4), have been implicated in the recruitment of inflammatory c...

    journal_title：Atherosclerosis

    pub_type： 杂志文章

    doi：10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2014.05.955

    authors： Jung SH,Won KJ,Lee KP,Lee DH,Yu S,Lee DY,Seo EH,Kang H,Park ES,Kim HJ,Lee SH,Kim B

    更新日期：2014-08-01 00:00:00

  • Simvastatin potenciates PGI(2) release induced by HDL in human VSMC: effect on Cox-2 up-regulation and MAPK signalling pathways activated by HDL.

    abstract：:High density lipoproteins (HDL) induce prostacyclin (PGI(2)) release in vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC) by up-regulation of cyclooxygenase-2 (Cox-2). Our goal was to analyse the mechanisms underlying this effect, and its potential modulation by HMG-CoA reductase inhibition in human VSMC. The contribution of mitoge...

    journal_title：Atherosclerosis

    pub_type： 杂志文章

    doi：10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2004.01.037

    authors： Martínez-González J,Escudero I,Badimon L

    更新日期：2004-06-01 00:00:00

  • Ideal cardiovascular health associated with fatty liver: Results from a multi-ethnic survey.

    abstract：BACKGROUND AND AIMS:Little is known about the role of liver enzymes as predictors of non-liver-related morbidity and mortality. The ideal cardiovascular health (CVH) score proposed by the American Heart Association (AHA) can be used to predict mortality and morbidity. We investigated the association of the CVH score wi...

    journal_title：Atherosclerosis

    pub_type： 杂志文章

    doi：10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2018.11.012

    authors： Mazidi M,Katsiki N,Mikhailidis DP,Banach M

    更新日期：2019-05-01 00:00:00

  • Inflammatory markers and growth in South Asian and European origin infants in Britain: the Manchester Children's Growth and Vascular Health Study.

    abstract：OBJECTIVE:Given the high risk of cardiovascular disease in South Asians and the importance of inflammation in coronary heart disease we tested the hypothesis that circulating C-reactive protein (CRP) and interleukin 6 (IL-6) would be higher in healthy British born infants of South Asian origin than in infants of Europe...

    journal_title：Atherosclerosis

    pub_type： 杂志文章

    doi：10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2009.03.045

    authors： Oldroyd JC,Heald A,Bansal N,Vyas A,Siddals K,Gibson M,Clayton P,Cruickshank JK

    更新日期：2009-11-01 00:00:00

  • LDL concentration is correlated with the removal from the plasma of a chylomicron-like emulsion in subjects with coronary artery disease.

    abstract：:In animal model studies, the uptake of chylomicron remnants after entering in the space of Disse occurs mainly by low-density lipoprotein (LDL) receptor and LDL receptor-related protein (LRP). In subjects, the relative importance of each one of these receptors for the clearance of chylomicron remnants is not fully und...

    journal_title：Atherosclerosis

    pub_type： 杂志文章

    doi：10.1016/s0021-9150(01)00661-x

    authors： Sposito AC,Santos RD,Hueb W,Ventura LI,Vinagre CC,Ramires JA,Maranhão RC

    更新日期：2002-04-01 00:00:00

  • Modified low density lipoprotein is a potent stimulus for smooth muscle cell outgrowth from rat aortic explant in vitro.

    abstract：:Outgrowth of vascular wall cells from rat aortic tissue explant was studied. In addition to fresh rat serum (3%), the complete culture medium contained either low density lipoprotein (LDL) separated from rat plasma (n-LDL, 100 microg/ml) or rat LDL modified either by activated rat polymorphonuclear leucocytes (pmn-LDL...

    journal_title：Atherosclerosis

    pub_type： 杂志文章

    doi：10.1016/s0021-9150(96)06000-5

    authors： Görög P

    更新日期：1997-02-28 00:00:00

  • Relation of plasma high-density lipoprotein cholesterol to lipoprotein-lipase activity in adipose tissue and skeletal muscle of man.

    abstract：:Lipoprotein-lipase activity (LPL) was measured in biopsies of adipose tissue and skeletal muscle of normal human subjects, and the results were related to concentrations of cholesterol and triglycerides in plasma lipoproteins. Adipose-tissue LPL activity was significantly higher in females than in males, whereas no se...

    journal_title：Atherosclerosis

    pub_type： 杂志文章

    doi：10.1016/0021-9150(78)90178-8

    authors： Nikkilä EA,Taskinen MR,Kekki M

    更新日期：1978-04-01 00:00:00

  • The -629C>A polymorphism in the CETP gene does not explain the association of TaqIB polymorphism with risk and age of myocardial infarction in Icelandic men.

    abstract：:The aim of this study was to examine whether the well-established effect of the common TaqIB polymorphism in intron 1 of the gene for cholesterol ester transfer protein (CETP) on high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) concentration and increased risk of myocardial infarction (MI), could be explained by the recen...

    journal_title：Atherosclerosis

    pub_type： 杂志文章

    doi：10.1016/s0021-9150(01)00489-0

    authors： Eiriksdottir G,Bolla MK,Thorsson B,Sigurdsson G,Humphries SE,Gudnason V

    更新日期：2001-11-01 00:00:00

  • ACAT1 deficiency increases cholesterol synthesis in mouse peritoneal macrophages.

    abstract：:Acyl-coenzyme A:cholesterol acyltransferase (ACAT) esterifies free cholesterol and stores cholesteryl esters in lipid droplets. Macrophage ACAT1 deficiency results in increased atherosclerotic lesion area in hyperlipidemic mice via disrupted cholesterol efflux, increased lipoprotein uptake, accumulation of intracellul...

    journal_title：Atherosclerosis

    pub_type： 杂志文章

    doi：10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2005.08.005

    authors： Dove DE,Su YR,Swift LL,Linton MF,Fazio S

    更新日期：2006-06-01 00:00:00

  • The biological relevance and measurement of plasma markers of oxidative stress in diabetes and cardiovascular disease.

    abstract：:Oxidative stress is associated with many chronic diseases. In this review, we look at the role that oxidative stress may play in diabetes and related cardiovascular disease (CVD) and how oxidative damage may be measured in the plasma. Increased production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) has been implicated in the ini...

    journal_title：Atherosclerosis

    pub_type： 杂志文章,评审

    doi：10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2008.06.006

    authors： Stephens JW,Khanolkar MP,Bain SC

    更新日期：2009-02-01 00:00:00

  • Association of the insertion/deletion gene polymorphism of the apolipoprotein B signal peptide with myocardial infarction.

    abstract：:The Del allele of the apolipoprotein B (apoB) signal peptide (SP) insertion/deletion (Ins/Del) polymorphism has been shown to be associated with elevated plasma levels of apoB, cholesterol and low density lipoprotein. It was the aim of the present study to analyse the relation of this gene variation to the risk of cor...

    journal_title：Atherosclerosis

    pub_type： 杂志文章

    doi：10.1016/s0021-9150(98)00161-0

    authors： Gardemann A,Ohly D,Fink M,Katz N,Tillmanns H,Hehrlein FW,Haberbosch W

    更新日期：1998-11-01 00:00:00

  • Effects of gender and social behavior on the development of coronary artery atherosclerosis in cynomolgus macaques.

    abstract：:This experiment involved examination of the effects of gender and social status ('competitive dominance') on the coronary artery atherosclerosis of cynomolgus monkeys. Thirty-two adult Macaca fascicularis (16 males, 16 females) were fed a diet containing a moderate amount of cholesterol (0.56 mg/cal) for 16 months. Th...

    journal_title：Atherosclerosis

    pub_type： 杂志文章

    doi：10.1016/0021-9150(83)90040-0

    authors： Hamm TE Jr,Kaplan JR,Clarkson TB,Bullock BC

    更新日期：1983-09-01 00:00:00

  • Lipid metabolism after an oral fat test meal is affected by age-associated features of metabolic syndrome, but not by age.

    abstract：OBJECTIVE:Postprandial lipemia influences the development of atherosclerosis. Age has been defined as a regulating factor of the extent of postprandial lipemia, but its independence of other age-associated phenotypic features, such as metabolic syndrome, has not been fully elucidated. METHODS:To investigate if age is ...

    journal_title：Atherosclerosis

    pub_type： 杂志文章

    doi：10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2012.10.052

    authors： Perez-Caballero AI,Alcala-Diaz JF,Perez-Martinez P,Garcia-Rios A,Delgado-Casado N,Marin C,Yubero-Serrano E,Camargo A,Caballero J,Malagon MM,Tinahones FJ,Perez-Jimenez F,Lopez-Miranda J,Delgado-Lista J

    更新日期：2013-01-01 00:00:00