Prevention of oxLDL uptake leads to decreased atherosclerosis in hematopoietic NPC1-deficient Ldlr-/- mice.

Abstract:

BACKGROUND AND AIMS:Atherosclerosis is a chronic inflammatory disease of medium and large vessels and is typically characterized by the predominant accumulation of low-density lipoprotein (LDL)-cholesterol inside macrophages that reside in the vessel walls. Previous studies clearly demonstrated an association specifically between the oxidized type of LDL (oxLDL) and atherosclerotic lesion formation. Further observations revealed that these atherosclerotic lesions displayed enlarged, lipid-loaded lysosomes. By increasing natural antibodies against oxLDL, pneumococcal vaccination has been shown to reduce atherosclerosis in LDL receptor knockout (Ldlr-/-) mice. Relevantly, loss of the lysosomal membrane protein Niemann-Pick Type C1 (NPC1) led to lysosomal accumulation of various lipids and promoted atherosclerosis. Yet, the importance of lysosomal oxLDL accumulation inside macrophages, compared to non-modified LDL, in atherosclerosis has never been established. METHODS:By transplanting NPC1 bone marrow into lethally irradiated Ldlr-/- mice, a hematopoietic mouse model for lysosomal cholesterol accumulation was created. Through injections with heat-inactivated pneumococci, we aimed to demonstrate the specific contribution of lysosomal oxLDL accumulation inside macrophages in atherosclerosis development. RESULTS:While there were no differences in plaque morphology, a reduction in plaque size and plaque inflammation was found in immunized NPC1mut-transplanted mice, compared to non-immunized NPC1mut-transplanted mice. CONCLUSIONS:Lysosomal oxLDL accumulation within macrophages contributes to murine atherosclerosis. Future intervention strategies should focus specifically on preventing oxLDL, unlike non-modified LDL, from being internalized into lysosomes. Such an intervention can have an additive effect to current existing treatments against atherosclerosis.

journal_name

Atherosclerosis

journal_title

Atherosclerosis

authors

Jeurissen MLJ,Walenbergh SMA,Houben T,Gijbels MJJ,Li J,Hendrikx T,Oligschlaeger Y,van Gorp PJ,Binder CJ,Donners MMPC,Shiri-Sverdlov R

doi

10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2016.10.038

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2016-12-01 00:00:00

pages

59-65

eissn

0021-9150

issn

1879-1484

pii

S0021-9150(16)31441-1

journal_volume

255

pub_type

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