Abstract:
:The only major structural protein (35 kDa) of the lactococcal small isometric-headed bacteriophage ul36, a member of the P335 species, was isolated from a preparative sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS)-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) were raised against the denatured 35-kDa protein. Six MAbs were selected and characterized. Western blots (immunoblots) showed that all MAbs recognized the 35 kDa but also a 45 kDa that is in lower concentration in the phage structure. Binding inhibition assays identified five families of MAbs that recognized nonoverlapping epitopes of the 35- and 45-kDa proteins. Immunoelectron microscopy showed that these two proteins are localized within the phage head, therefore indicating that the 35 kDa is a major capsid protein of ul36 and that the 45 kDa is a minor capsid protein. With two MAbs, a sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was developed for direct detection of lactococcal phages in whey and milk samples. Whey and milk components, however, interfered with the conduct of the assay. Partial denaturation of milk samples by heat treatment in the presence of SDS and beta-mercaptoethanol removed the masking effect and increased the sensitivity of the assay by 100-fold. With the method used here, 10 PFU/ml were detected by the ELISA within 2 h without any steps to enrich or isolate bacteriophages.
journal_name
Appl Environ Microbioljournal_title
Applied and environmental microbiologyauthors
Moineau S,Bernier D,Jobin M,Hébert J,Klaenhammer TR,Pandian Sdoi
10.1128/AEM.59.7.2034-2040.1993keywords:
subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1993-07-01 00:00:00pages
2034-40issue
7eissn
0099-2240issn
1098-5336journal_volume
59pub_type
杂志文章abstract::We investigated the molecular relationship between the 60-megadalton (Mdal) recombinant lactose plasmids in ML 3 x LM2301 lactose-positive (Lac+) transconjugants and the genetic material of Streptococcus lactis ML3. Lactose metabolism is linked to the 33-Mdal plasmid pSK08 in ML3, and the recipient LM2301 is cured of ...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.43.5.1006-1010.1982
更新日期:1982-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Ruminal fluid from sheep fed hay plus concentrate diets containing 1.8% urea, 6% casein, or 6% egg albumin had proteolytic activities of 4.12, 3.02, or 4.00 mg of [14C]casein hydrolyzed ml-1 h-1, respectively. Dietary albumin had no effect on the rate of albumin breakdown relative to that of casein (0.06). Greater num...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.53.4.751-753.1987
更新日期:1987-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Anaerobic activation of benzene is expected to represent a novel biochemistry of environmental significance. Therefore, benzene metabolism was investigated in Geobacter metallireducens, the only genetically tractable organism known to anaerobically degrade benzene. Trace amounts (<0.5 μM) of phenol accumulated in cult...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.03134-13
更新日期:2013-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::A total of 286 isolates of Pseudomonas maltophilia was collected from sheep exhibiting brown or yellowish fleece rot and from fly-strike lesions. Enzyme activities for 10 of the isolates were examined by plate tests and with the API ZYM system and compared with the enzymatic profile of a human type strain of P. maltop...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.51.2.346-348.1986
更新日期:1986-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Human beta-hexosaminidase A (HexA) is a heterodimeric glycoprotein composed of alpha- and beta-subunits that degrades GM2 gangliosides in lysosomes. GM2 gangliosidosis is a lysosomal storage disease in which an inherited deficiency of HexA causes the accumulation of GM2 gangliosides. In order to prepare a large amount...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.00463-07
更新日期:2007-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Three cases of Mycobacterium avium complex-related lung disorders were associated with two poorly maintained spa pools by genotypic investigations. Inadequate disinfection of the two spas had reduced the load of environmental bacteria to less than 1 CFU/ml but allowed levels of M. avium complex of 4.3 x 10(4) and 4.5 ...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.70.8.4906-4910.2004
更新日期:2004-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB) is a carbon and energy reserve polymer in various prokaryotic species. We determined that, when grown with mannitol as the sole carbon source, Bradyrhizobium diazoefficiens produces a homopolymer composed only of 3-hydroxybutyrate units (PHB). Conditions of oxygen limitation (such as microoxi...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.00757-16
更新日期:2016-06-30 00:00:00
abstract::Mathematical models were developed to predict the probability of yeast spoilage of cold-filled ready-to-drink beverages as a function of beverage formulation. A Box-Behnken experimental design included five variables, each at three levels: pH (2.8, 3.3, and 3.8), titratable acidity (0.20, 0.40, and 0.60%), sugar conte...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/aem.68.4.1901-1906.2002
更新日期:2002-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Wieners and sausages were prepared which contained the most heat-tolerant representative of the Mycobacterium avium-Mycobacterium intracellulare complex we were able to obtain. They also were prepared with infected tissues obtained from tuberculous swine. Processing conditions were as varied as possible. Neither incor...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.38.5.831-835.1979
更新日期:1979-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Several investigations have identified benzothiophene-2,3-dione in the organic solvent extracts of acidified cultures degrading dibenzothiophene via the Kodama pathway. In solution at neutral pH, the 2,3-dione exists as 2-mercaptophenylglyoxylate, which cyclizes upon acidification and is extracted as the 2,3-dione. Th...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.67.11.5084-5093.2001
更新日期:2001-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Alteromonas sp. strain O-7 secretes several proteins in addition to chitinolytic enzymes in response to chitin induction. In this paper, we report that one of these proteins, designated MprIII, is a metalloprotease involved in the chitin degradation system of the strain. The gene encoding MprIII was cloned in Escheric...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/aem.68.11.5563-5570.2002
更新日期:2002-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) yield and deoxyribonuclease (DNase) activity of several yeasts were correlated. Debaryomyces castellii and Debaryomyces franciscae were found to contain active DNases which carry out DNA hydrolysis, whereas the amounts of DNA as determined by extraction with Sarkosyl buffer (pH 7.8) wer...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.41.6.1482-1483.1981
更新日期:1981-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Bacteria play important roles in mineral weathering and soil formation. However, few reports of mineral weathering bacteria inhabiting subsurfaces of soil profiles have been published, raising the question of whether the subsurface weathering bacteria are fundamentally distinct from those in surface communities. To ad...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.02335-13
更新日期:2014-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::A model was constructed to simulate the results of experiments which investigated nitrification and denitrification in the freshwater sediment of Lake Vilhelmsborg, Denmark (K. Jensen, N. P. Sloth, N. Risgaard-Petersen, S. Rysgaard, and N. P. Revsbech, Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 60:2094-2100, 1994). The model output fa...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.60.9.3089-3095.1994
更新日期:1994-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Through genome-wide transcript analysis of a reference strain and two recombinant Saccharomyces cerevisiae strains with different rates of galactose uptake, we obtained information about the global transcriptional response to metabolic engineering of the GAL gene regulatory network. One of the recombinant strains over...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.71.11.6465-6472.2005
更新日期:2005-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Proteorhodopsins (PRs) are widespread bacterial integral membrane proteins that function as light-driven proton pumps. Antarctic sea ice supports a complex community of autotrophic algae, heterotrophic bacteria, viruses, and protists that are an important food source for higher trophic levels in ice-covered regions of...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.00562-10
更新日期:2010-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Sporulation of Bacillus larvae NRRL B-3650 occurred only at aeration rates lower than those used for cultivation of most Bacillus species. One possible explanation for the requirement for a low level of aeration in B. larvae is that toxic forms of oxygen such as H(2)O(2) and superoxide are involved. The superoxide dis...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.47.6.1228-1237.1984
更新日期:1984-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Consumption of poultry contaminated with Campylobacter jejuni is a risk factor for human gastrointestinal disease. The rational development of control strategies for Campylobacter within chickens requires an understanding of the colonization process at the molecular and population levels, both within and between hosts...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.02835-07
更新日期:2008-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Food-borne hepatitis A outbreaks may be prevented by subjecting foods at risk of virus contamination to moderate treatments of high hydrostatic pressure (HHP). A pretreatment promoting hepatitis A virus (HAV) capsid-folding changes enhances the virucidal effect of HHP, indicating that its efficacy depends on capsid co...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.01693-14
更新日期:2014-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Germlings of Botrytis cinerea, an important fungal pathogen of plants, produce an extracellular matrix (ECM), or ensheathing film, that serves, in part, in their attachment (R. P. Doss, et al., Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 61:260-265, 1995). The composition of this film has been ascertained by using samples obtained by g...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.65.2.404-408.1999
更新日期:1999-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effective flux between phospholipids and neutral lipids is critical for a high level of biosynthesis and accumulation of very-long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (VLCPUFAs), such as arachidonic acid (ARA; 20:4n-6), eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA; 20:5n-3), and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA; 22:6n-3). Here we describe a...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.03250-12
更新日期:2013-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::A lambda recombinant phage expressing beta-mannanase activity in Escherichia coli has been isolated from a genomic library of the extremely thermophilic anaerobe "Caldocellum saccharolyticum." The gene was cloned into pBR322 on a 5-kb BamHI fragment, and its location was obtained by deletion analysis. The sequence of ...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.57.3.694-700.1991
更新日期:1991-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The ability of pure cultures of bacteria isolated from spoiling chicken leg muscle to produce strong off-odors was tested by using sterile leg muscle sections. Changes in the flora during storage and the incidence and identity of organisms capable of producing strong off-odors were noted. ...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.33.6.1244-1246.1977
更新日期:1977-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Streptococcus pyogenes is a major cause of necrotizing fasciitis, a life-threatening subcutaneous soft-tissue infection. At the host infection site, the local environment and interactions between the host and bacteria have effects on bacterial gene expression profiles, while the gene expression pattern of S. pyogenes ...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.01428-19
更新日期:2019-10-16 00:00:00
abstract::The viability of starved or dying Saccharomyces cerevisiae Y5 cells was extended for up to 1,500 h by adding osmotic supports (0.6 M sorbitol or mannitol) to the starvation media. Replacement of these polyols with 0.3 M KCl, 0.5 M MgSO4, or 0.2 M MgCl2 postponed the death of cells incubated in N-free medium, but accel...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.50.3.713-716.1985
更新日期:1985-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::A soil bacterial consortium that was grown on diesel fuel and consisted of more than 10 members from different genera was maintained through repetitive subculturing and was utilized as a practical model to investigate a bacterial community that was continuously exposed to petroleum hydrocarbons. Through metagenomics a...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.02268-20
更新日期:2020-12-17 00:00:00
abstract::By taking advantage of MazF, an ACA codon-specific mRNA interferase, Escherichia coli cells can be converted into a bioreactor producing only a single protein of interest by using an ACA-less mRNA for the protein. In this single-protein production (SPP) system, we engineered MazF by replacing two tryptophan residues i...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.00815-10
更新日期:2010-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::A quick and simple protocol for long-term cryopreservation of anaerobic ammonium-oxidizing bacteria (anammox bacteria) was developed. After 29 weeks of preservation at -80°C, activity recovery for all tested cultures under at least one of the applied sets of preservation conditions was observed. Growth recovery was al...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.07501-11
更新日期:2012-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The lytic action of glycerol and sucrose esters of fatty acids with different carbon chain lengths on the exponentially growing cells of Bacillus subtilis 168 was investigated. Of each series of esters, glycerol dodecanoate and sucrose hexadecanoate were the most active. Lysis at 1 h after the addition of 0.1 mM glyce...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.53.3.505-508.1987
更新日期:1987-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Microscale fluorescence measurements were performed in photosynthetic biofilms at a spatial resolution of 100 to 200 microm with a new fiber-optic fluorometer which allowed four different excitation and emission wavelengths and was configured for measuring phycobiliproteins, chlorophylls, and bacteriochlorophylls. We ...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.67.6.2823-2828.2001
更新日期:2001-06-01 00:00:00