Wear and biomechanical characteristics of a novel shear-reducing insole with implications for high-risk persons with diabetes.

Abstract:

OBJECTIVE:This study was designed to measure pressure and shear reduction of a novel insole design. METHODS:We compared three multilayer viscoelastic insoles to a novel insole design (Glide-Soft, Xilas Medical, Inc., San Antonio, TX). The bottom pad of each insole was fabricated from firm-density Plastazote [Apex Foot Products (now Aetrex), South Hackensack, NJ] with an upper of Plastazote, ethyl vinyl acetate, or PORON (Langer Biomechanics Group, Inc., Deer Park, NY). The GlideSoft design used the same materials with two intervening thin sheets of a low friction material. We measured foot pressures, shear, and material stiffness prospectively as the insoles aged during daily usage in 30 healthy adults. We used the F-Scan (Tekscan, Inc., Boston, MA) to determine in-shoe foot pressures and the Automated Stress-relaxation Creep Indenter System (Xilas Medical) to measure material stiffness. To evaluate shear force, the insole was placed on the slide assembly of a custom-designed shear tester equipped with a reciprocating mechanism and force transducers. RESULTS:The GlideSoft exhibited 57% less peak shear force than the standard insole (P < 0.05) in laboratory testing under simulated conditions. Ethyl vinyl acetate had higher compressive stiffness values than Plastazote and PORON at all test intervals (P < 0.05). There were no statistical differences between any of the insoles for peak in-shoe pressure measurements (P > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS:The GlideSoft design demonstrated a significant reduction in shear while maintaining equivalent pressure reduction compared with standard insole designs with three different material combinations for up to 320,000 steps.

journal_name

Diabetes Technol Ther

authors

Lavery LA,Lanctot DR,Constantinides G,Zamorano RG,Athanasiou KA,Agrawal CM

doi

10.1089/dia.2005.7.638

keywords:

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2005-08-01 00:00:00

pages

638-46

issue

4

eissn

1520-9156

issn

1557-8593

journal_volume

7

pub_type

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