The human brain is intrinsically organized into dynamic, anticorrelated functional networks.

abstract：:Communities have an important role to play in biodiversity conservation. However, community-based conservation as a panacea, like government-based conservation as a panacea, ignores the necessity of managing commons at multiple levels, with vertical and horizontal interplay among institutions. The study of conservatio...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Berkes F

更新日期：2007-09-25 00:00:00

abstract：:A survey was performed to estimate the frequency of enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli O157:H7 or O157:nonmotile (EHEC O157) in feces and on hides within groups of fed cattle from single sources (lots) presented for slaughter at meat processing plants in the Midwestern United States, as well as frequency of carcass co...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Elder RO,Keen JE,Siragusa GR,Barkocy-Gallagher GA,Koohmaraie M,Laegreid WW

更新日期：2000-03-28 00:00:00

abstract：:Various enzymatic derivatives of the murine myeloma protein IgA(MOPC-315) were subjected to hapten-binding quantitation and circular dichroic analysis in an attempt to ascertain the structural localization and functional definition of the immunoglobulin active site. The extrinsic Cotton effects observed with near satu...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Merz DC,Litman GW,Good RA

更新日期：1974-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Thermotaxis by individual amoebae of Dictyostelium discoideum on a temperature gradient is described. These amoebae show positive thermotaxis at temperatures between 14 degrees C and 28 degrees C shortly (3 hr) after food depletion. Increasing time on the gradient reduces the positive thermotactic response at the lowe...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Hong CB,Fontana DR,Poff KL

更新日期：1983-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Epithelial cells are organized into either a single layer (simple epithelia) or multiple layers (stratified epithelia). Maintenance of these cellular organizations requires distinct adhesive mechanisms involving many cell surface molecules. One such molecule is a cell surface proteoglycan, named syndecan, that contain...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Sanderson RD,Bernfield M

更新日期：1988-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The infectivity of cloned hepatitis B viral DNA (HBV) has been tested in chimpanzees to identify a fully functional HBV genome and to assess the risk associated with its handling. Only one of two HBV DNA sequence variants tested was shown to be infectious. "Clone purified" virus of predicted nucleotide sequence was pr...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Will H,Cattaneo R,Darai G,Deinhardt F,Schellekens H,Schaller H

更新日期：1985-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaM-KII) regulates numerous physiological functions, including neuronal synaptic plasticity through the phosphorylation of alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid-type glutamate receptors. To identify proteins that may interact with and modulate CaM-KII fun...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Chang BH,Mukherji S,Soderling TR

更新日期：1998-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In myocardial ischemia, adrenergic nerves release excessive amounts of norepinephrine (NE), causing dysfunction and arrhythmias. With anoxia and the concomitant ATP depletion, vesicular storage of NE is impaired, resulting in accumulation of free NE in the axoplasm of sympathetic nerves. Intraneuronal acidosis activat...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Silver RB,Mackins CJ,Smith NC,Koritchneva IL,Lefkowitz K,Lovenberg TW,Levi R

更新日期：2001-02-27 00:00:00

abstract：:Over the past decade or more, contradictory evidence of Martian climate, indicating that surface temperatures seldom if ever approach the melting point of water at midlatitudes, and geomorphic features, consistent with liquid flows at these same latitudes, have proven difficult to reconcile. In this article, we demons...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Shinbrot T,Duong NH,Kwan L,Alvarez MM

更新日期：2004-06-08 00:00:00

abstract：:We present molecular dating analyses for land plants that incorporate 33 fossil calibrations, permit rates of molecular evolution to be uncorrelated across the tree, and take into account uncertainties in phylogenetic relationships and the fossil record. We attached a prior probability to each fossil-based minimum age...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Smith SA,Beaulieu JM,Donoghue MJ

更新日期：2010-03-30 00:00:00

abstract：:Humans respond to foreign antigen by generating plasma Abs and memory B cells (MBCs). The Ab response then declines, sometimes to below the limit of detection. In contrast, MBCs are generally thought to be long-lived. We tested and compared Plasmodium falciparum (Pf)-specific Ab and MBC responses in two populations of...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Ndungu FM,Olotu A,Mwacharo J,Nyonda M,Apfeld J,Mramba LK,Fegan GW,Bejon P,Marsh K

更新日期：2012-05-22 00:00:00

abstract：:Osteocalcin, a bone-specific protein and marker of the mature osteoblast, is expressed only in nonproliferating osteoblasts in a mineralizing extracellular matrix, while type I collagen is expressed in proliferating cells. The nuclear proteins encoded by the c-fos and c-jun protooncogenes are expressed during the prol...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Owen TA,Bortell R,Yocum SA,Smock SL,Zhang M,Abate C,Shalhoub V,Aronin N,Wright KL,van Wijnen AJ

更新日期：1990-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:cGMP is a key regulatory molecule in visual transduction, integration of neuronal response to excitatory neurotransmitters, relaxation of smooth muscle, intestinal secretion of water and salt, and reabsorption of sodium and water in the distal tubules of the nephron. Some of these cellular functions are associated wit...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Ruth P,Wang GX,Boekhoff I,May B,Pfeifer A,Penner R,Korth M,Breer H,Hofmann F

更新日期：1993-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Aire is a transcriptional regulator that induces expression of peripheral tissue antigens (PTA) in thymic medullary epithelial cells (MECs), driving immunological self-tolerance in differentiating T cells. To elucidate its mechanistic pathways, we examined its transcriptional impact in MECs in vivo by microarray analy...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Giraud M,Yoshida H,Abramson J,Rahl PB,Young RA,Mathis D,Benoist C

更新日期：2012-01-10 00:00:00

abstract：:A comparison of five constant region sequences of human and mouse k and lambda immunoglobulin chains has been undertaken in order to reveal sequence homologies and evolutionary relationships. Simultaneously, a comparison with the three-dimensional structure of one mouse k-chain (McPC 603) has suggested structural reas...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Kabat EA,Padlan EA,Davies DR

更新日期：1975-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Tc1-like transposable elements from teleost fish have been phylogenetically examined to determine the mechanisms involved in their evolution and conserved domains of function. We identified two new functional domains in these elements. The first is a bipartite nuclear localization signal, indicating that transposons c...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Ivics Z,Izsvak Z,Minter A,Hackett PB

更新日期：1996-05-14 00:00:00

abstract：:The ability of polynucleotides or polynucleotide duplexes such as poly(I).poly(C) to induce interferon production is proposed to depend on the existence of certain stable glycosidic orientations. It appears that a slight increase in instability of 1--3 kcal/mole (1 cal = 4.184 J) in the conformational regions near 20 ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Miles DL,Miles DW,Eyring H

更新日期：1979-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:For over a century neuroscientists have debated the dynamics by which human cortical language networks allow words to be spoken. Although it is widely accepted that Broca's area in the left inferior frontal gyrus plays an important role in this process, it was not possible, until recently, to detail the timing of its ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Flinker A,Korzeniewska A,Shestyuk AY,Franaszczuk PJ,Dronkers NF,Knight RT,Crone NE

更新日期：2015-03-03 00:00:00

abstract：:Heterogeneous nucleation is vital to a wide range of areas as diverse as ice nucleation on atmospheric aerosols and the fabrication of high-performance thin films. There is excellent evidence that surface topography is a key factor in directing crystallization in real systems; however, the mechanisms by which nanoscal...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Campbell JM,Meldrum FC,Christenson HK

更新日期：2017-01-31 00:00:00

abstract：:We describe a technique for transferring electrophoretically separated bands of RNA from an agarose gel to paper strips. The RNA is coupled covalently to diazobenzyloxymethyl groups on the paper. After transfer and appropriate treatment of the paper to destroy remaining diazo groups, specific RNA bands can be detected...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Alwine JC,Kemp DJ,Stark GR

更新日期：1977-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Extensive studies have detailed the molecular regulation of individual components of the hemostatic system, including platelets, coagulation factors, and regulatory proteins. Questions remain, however, about how these elements are integrated at the systems level within a rapidly changing physical environment. To answe...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Tomaiuolo M,Matzko CN,Poventud-Fuentes I,Weisel JW,Brass LF,Stalker TJ

更新日期：2019-02-05 00:00:00

abstract：:Germ cells are required for the successful propagation of sexually reproducing species. Understanding the mechanisms by which these cells are specified and how their totipotency is established and maintained has important biomedical and evolutionary implications. Freshwater planarians serve as fascinating models for s...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Wang Y,Zayas RM,Guo T,Newmark PA

更新日期：2007-04-03 00:00:00

abstract：:Maintenance of genome stability is essential for the accurate propagation of genetic information and cell growth and survival. Organisms have therefore developed efficient strategies to prevent DNA lesions and rearrangements. Much of the information concerning these strategies has been obtained through the study of ba...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Maréchal A,Parent JS,Véronneau-Lafortune F,Joyeux A,Lang BF,Brisson N

更新日期：2009-08-25 00:00:00

abstract：:A quantum computer (QC) can operate in parallel on all its possible inputs at once, but the amount of information that can be extracted from the result is limited by the phenomenon of wave function collapse. We present a new computational model, which differs from a QC only in that the result of a measurement is the e...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Cory DG,Fahmy AF,Havel TF

更新日期：1997-03-04 00:00:00

abstract：:Seed development in plants involves the coordinated growth of the embryo, endosperm, and maternal tissue. Several genes have been identified that influence seed size by acting maternally, such as AUXIN RESPONSE FACTOR2, APETALA2, and DA1. However, given the lack of gain-of-function effects of these genes on seed size,...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Adamski NM,Anastasiou E,Eriksson S,O'Neill CM,Lenhard M

更新日期：2009-11-24 00:00:00

abstract：:Frontotemporal dementia with parkinsonism, chromosome 17 type (FTDP-17) is caused by mutations in the tau gene, and the signature lesions of FTDP-17 are filamentous tau inclusions. Tau mutations may be pathogenic either by altering protein function or gene regulation. Here we show that missense, silent, and intronic t...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： D'Souza I,Poorkaj P,Hong M,Nochlin D,Lee VM,Bird TD,Schellenberg GD

更新日期：1999-05-11 00:00:00

abstract：:Cell-free DNA shed by cancer cells has been shown to be a rich source of putative tumor-specific biomarkers. Because cell-free DNA from brain and spinal cord tumors cannot usually be detected in the blood, we studied whether the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) that bathes the CNS is enriched for tumor DNA, here termed CSF-t...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Wang Y,Springer S,Zhang M,McMahon KW,Kinde I,Dobbyn L,Ptak J,Brem H,Chaichana K,Gallia GL,Gokaslan ZL,Groves ML,Jallo GI,Lim M,Olivi A,Quinones-Hinojosa A,Rigamonti D,Riggins GJ,Sciubba DM,Weingart JD,Wolinsky JP

更新日期：2015-08-04 00:00:00

abstract：:Leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 (LRRK2) has been associated with a variety of human diseases, including Parkinson's disease and Crohn's disease, whereas LRRK2 deficiency leads to accumulation of abnormal lysosomes in aged animals. However, the cellular roles and mechanisms of LRRK2-mediated lysosomal regulation have rema...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Eguchi T,Kuwahara T,Sakurai M,Komori T,Fujimoto T,Ito G,Yoshimura SI,Harada A,Fukuda M,Koike M,Iwatsubo T

更新日期：2018-09-25 00:00:00

abstract：:In an earlier paper, the author jointly with S. Suryawanshi proposed statistical analysis of shape through triangulation of landmarks on objects. It was observed that the angles of the triangles are invariant to scaling, location, and rotation of objects. No distinction was made between an object and its reflection. T...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Rao CR

更新日期：2000-03-28 00:00:00

abstract：:Three proteins required for poly(U)-directed polyphenylalanine synthesis have been separated from yeast. Two of the factors correspond to the elongation factors 1 and 2 described for other eukaryotic systems, according to the criteria of phenylalanyl-tRNA binding and diphtheria toxin-catalyzed ADP-ribosylation. The th...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Skogerson L,Wakatama E

更新日期：1976-01-01 00:00:00