Abstract:
:Three proteins required for poly(U)-directed polyphenylalanine synthesis have been separated from yeast. Two of the factors correspond to the elongation factors 1 and 2 described for other eukaryotic systems, according to the criteria of phenylalanyl-tRNA binding and diphtheria toxin-catalyzed ADP-ribosylation. The third protein, while absolutely required for polyphenylalanine synthesis, was a more active ribosome-dependent GTPase than elongation factor 2.
journal_name
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S Aauthors
Skogerson L,Wakatama Edoi
10.1073/pnas.73.1.73subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1976-01-01 00:00:00pages
73-6issue
1eissn
0027-8424issn
1091-6490journal_volume
73pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Most humans in the United States have been infected with BK virus (BKV), a human papovavirus. Because BKV has oncogenic properties, we have investigated whether it may be a cause of human cancer. Basic principles of tumor virology imply that BKV-induced tumors should contain BKV DNA sequences. Therefore, we assayed (b...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.75.1.454
更新日期:1978-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::A genomic clone of one member of the Arabidopsis thaliana (L.) Heynh. 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate (ACC) synthase (S-adenosyl-L-methionine methylthioadenosine-lyase, EC 4.4.1.14) gene family (AT-ACC1) was isolated and sequenced. A region of homology was found in the 5'-untranslated region with the promoter of a z...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.89.20.9969
更新日期:1992-10-15 00:00:00
abstract::Seed development in plants involves the coordinated growth of the embryo, endosperm, and maternal tissue. Several genes have been identified that influence seed size by acting maternally, such as AUXIN RESPONSE FACTOR2, APETALA2, and DA1. However, given the lack of gain-of-function effects of these genes on seed size,...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0907024106
更新日期:2009-11-24 00:00:00
abstract::In this study we examine how the introduction of a reference lottery with nonrandom outcomes alters the way in which choices among pairs of lotteries are made, even if it does not alter the choices. We use different domains (some of the lotteries produce gains, other losses) and different contexts (one member of the p...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0530279100
更新日期:2003-03-18 00:00:00
abstract::The intracellular levels of many proteins are regulated by ubiquitin-dependent proteolysis. One of the best-characterized enzymes that catalyzes the attachment of ubiquitin to proteins is a ubiquitin ligase complex, Skp1-Cullin-F box complex containing Hrt1 (SCF). We sought to artificially target a protein to the SCF ...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.141230798
更新日期:2001-07-17 00:00:00
abstract::Hepatocellular injury during hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection has been postulated to result from a human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-restricted T-lymphocyte host immune response against HBV antigens. Although HLA expression is enhanced in the presence of hepatic inflammation, whether HBV itself can induce HLA expression ...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.87.18.7140
更新日期:1990-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Millions of individuals routinely remain awake for more than 18 h daily, which causes performance decrements. It is unknown if these functional impairments are the result of that extended wakefulness or from the associated shortened sleep durations. We therefore examined changes in objective reaction time performance ...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1706694115
更新日期:2018-06-05 00:00:00
abstract::The Paleocene/Eocene thermal maximum (PETM) and associated carbon isotope excursion (CIE) are often touted as the best geologic analog for the current anthropogenic rise in pCO2. However, a causal mechanism for the PETM CIE remains unidentified because of large uncertainties in the duration of the CIE's onset. Here, w...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 历史文章,杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1309188110
更新日期:2013-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Although the ribosome is a very general catalyst, it cannot synthesize all protein sequences equally well. For example, ribosomes stall on the secretion monitor (SecM) leader peptide to regulate expression of a downstream gene. Using a genetic selection in Escherichia coli, we identified additional nascent peptide mot...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1219536110
更新日期:2013-03-05 00:00:00
abstract::Skeletal muscle fibers are defined by patterned covariation of key traits that determine contractile and metabolic characteristics. Although the functional properties of most skeletal muscles result from their proportional content of a few conserved muscle fiber types, some, typically craniofacial, muscles exhibit fib...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.211257298
更新日期:2001-10-09 00:00:00
abstract::There is not a single pharmaceutical that halts or even slows any neurodegenerative disease. Mounting evidence shows that prions cause many neurodegenerative diseases, and arguably, scrapie and Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease prions represent the best therapeutic targets. We report here that the previously identified 2-amin...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1317164110
更新日期:2013-10-29 00:00:00
abstract::Phototropin is a blue light photoreceptor for tropic responses, relocation of chloroplasts, and stomata opening in plants. Phototropin has two chromophoric domains named light-oxygen-voltage-sensing (LOV) 1 and 2 in the N-terminal half, and a serine/threonine (Ser/Thr) protein kinase motif in the C-terminal half. Conc...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0506402102
更新日期:2005-09-13 00:00:00
abstract::Retroviral entry into cells depends on envelope glycoproteins, whereby receptor binding to the surface-exposed subunit triggers membrane fusion by the transmembrane protein (TM) subunit. We determined the crystal structure at 2.5-A resolution of the ectodomain of gp21, the TM from human T cell leukemia virus type 1. T...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.96.8.4319
更新日期:1999-04-13 00:00:00
abstract::An enconuclease activity that reacts with x-irradiated DNA is present in extracts of E. coli. By using centrifugal methods to monitor the conversion of the supercoiled, circular double-stranded DNA for phage phi-x-174 (replicative form) or PM2 to the relaxed circular form it was possible to quantitate the rate of radi...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.72.6.1997
更新日期:1975-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::There are approximately 350 non-odorant G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) encoded by the human genome, many of which are predicted to be potential therapeutic targets, but there are only two structures available to represent the whole of the family. We hypothesized that improving the detergent stability of these rec...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0711253105
更新日期:2008-01-22 00:00:00
abstract::Early events in the action of 17-beta-estradiol can be studied in soluble extracts of rat uterus by exposure of the estradiol-receptor protein to a DNA-cellulose matrix. After complexing with [(3)H]estradiol, the 4S receptor protein binds to the DNA, and it can be eluted with buffer of high ionic strength as a more ti...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.69.8.2105
更新日期:1972-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::In a classic model of mammalian brain formation, precursors of principal glutamatergic neurons migrate radially along radial glia fibers whereas GABAergic interneuron precursors migrate tangentially. These migration modes have significant implications for brain function. Here we used clonal lineage tracing of active r...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1508545112
更新日期:2015-07-28 00:00:00
abstract::The seventh cholera pandemic caused by Vibrio cholerae O1 El Tor (ET) has been superseded in Asia and Africa by altered ET possessing the cholera toxin (CTX) gene of classical (CL) biotype. The CL biotype of V. cholerae was isolated, along with prototypic and altered ET, during the 1991 cholera epidemic in Mexico and ...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1323408111
更新日期:2014-07-08 00:00:00
abstract::An intact T/E1A-binding domain (the pocket) is necessary, but not sufficient, for the retinoblastoma protein (RB) to bind to DNA-protein complexes containing E2F and for RB to induce a G1/S block. Indirect evidence suggests that the binding of RB to E2F may, in addition to inhibiting E2F transactivation function, gene...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.92.25.11544
更新日期:1995-12-05 00:00:00
abstract::Estimation of gene diversity (heterozygosity) at 1442 single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) loci in an ethnically diverse sample of humans revealed consistently reduced gene diversities at SNP loci causing amino acid changes, particularly those causing amino acid changes predicted to be disruptive to protein structure....
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.2536718100
更新日期:2003-12-23 00:00:00
abstract::Photosystem II (PSII), the light-driven water/plastoquinone photooxidoreductase, is of central importance in the planetary energy cycle. The product of the reaction, plastohydroquinone (PQH2), is released into the membrane from the QB site, where it is formed. A plastoquinone (PQ) from the membrane pool then binds int...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1910675116
更新日期:2019-09-24 00:00:00
abstract::The study of proteolysis lies at the heart of our understanding of biocatalysis, enzyme evolution, and drug development. To understand the degree of natural variation in protease active sites, we systematically evaluated simple active site features from all serine, cysteine and threonine proteases of independent linea...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1221050110
更新日期:2013-02-19 00:00:00
abstract::We show that an electric field can drive single-stranded RNA and DNA molecules through a 2.6-nm diameter ion channel in a lipid bilayer membrane. Because the channel diameter can accommodate only a single strand of RNA or DNA, each polymer traverses the membrane as an extended chain that partially blocks the channel. ...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.93.24.13770
更新日期:1996-11-26 00:00:00
abstract::The Pyrococcus furiosus (PF) ornithine carbamoyltransferase (OTCase; EC 2.1.3.3) is an extremely heat-stable enzyme that maintains about 50% of its activity after heat treatment for 60 min at 100 degrees C. To understand the molecular basis of thermostability of this enzyme, we have determined its three-dimensional st...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.95.6.2801
更新日期:1998-03-17 00:00:00
abstract::Sugar compartmentation into vacuoles of higher plants is a very important physiological process, providing extra space for transient and long-term sugar storage and contributing to the osmoregulation of cell turgor and shape. Despite the long-standing knowledge of this subcellular sugar partitioning, the proteins resp...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0610278104
更新日期:2007-02-13 00:00:00
abstract::Adult stem cells represent unique populations of undifferentiated cells with self-renewal capacity. In many tissues, stem cells divide less often than their progeny. It has been widely speculated, but largely untested, that their undifferentiated and quiescent state may make stem cells more efficient as donors for clo...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0611358104
更新日期:2007-02-20 00:00:00
abstract::We have synthesized pulmonary surfactant apoprotein SP-B peptides by solid-phase chemistry and demonstrated their ability to enhance the surface-active properties of synthetic lipid mixtures. The synthetic peptides were reactive with antiserum generated against the native bovine surfactant peptide. Both peptides confe...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.87.7.2633
更新日期:1990-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The requirement for protein synthesis in the mechanism of a circadian pacemaker was investigated by using inhibitors of protein synthesis. Continuous treatment of the ocular circadian pacemaker of the mollusc Bulla gouldiana with anisomycin or cycloheximide substantially lengthened (up to 39 and 52 hr, respectively) t...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.89.22.10862
更新日期:1992-11-15 00:00:00
abstract::Molecular chaperones are an essential part of the machinery that avoids protein aggregation and misfolding in vivo. However, understanding the molecular basis of how chaperones prevent such undesirable interactions requires the conformational changes within substrate proteins to be probed during chaperone action. Here...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1407086111
更新日期:2014-09-16 00:00:00
abstract::The mechanism by which cells recognize and complete replicated regions at their precise doubling point must be remarkably efficient, occurring thousands of times per cell division along the chromosomes of humans. However, this process remains poorly understood. Here we show that, in Escherichia coli, the completion of...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1415025111
更新日期:2014-11-18 00:00:00