Abstract：
:Treatment of multiple sclerosis (MS) with interferon beta (IFNbeta) can be associated with the development of binding antibodies (BAbs) and neutralizing antibodies (NAbs). NAbs are a subset of BAbs that prevent IFNbeta from effectively binding to or activating its receptor, thereby blocking its biologic effects and inhibiting its therapeutic effects. Several factors can affect the incidence and titers of NAbs that develop to IFNbeta, including the type of IFNbeta preparation used for treatment. One of the major limitations to evaluating the relative importance of these factors is the variation in assays used to detect IFNbeta antibodies. Two major types of assays are used to detect antibodies to IFNbetas: [1] binding assays, which measure the ability of antibodies in patients' sera to bind to IFNbeta; and [2] neutralization assays (or bioassays), which measure the ability of patients' sera to neutralize the biologic effects of IFNbeta. Assays used to detect NAbs differ in their sensitivity and specificity, and there can be high variability between laboratories in how these assays are performed (e. g., types of cells, quantity of IFNbeta). This article reviews assays currently used for detecting NAbs to IFNbeta and discusses the development of an international standard NAb assay. The myxovirus resistance protein A (MxA) assay is recommended as the standard assay for the quantification of NAbs providing availability of reagents.
journal_name
J Neuroljournal_title
Journal of neurologyauthors
Deisenhammer F,Schellekens H,Bertolotto Adoi
10.1007/s00415-004-1206-5keywords:
subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2004-06-01 00:00:00pages
II31-9eissn
0340-5354issn
1432-1459journal_volume
251 Suppl 2pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract：:There is still a need to prove that even static magnetic fields up to 1.5 T used in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) are biologically safe and harmless for humans. Recordings of median and ulnar nerves and brain-stem auditory evoked potentials in 20 patients were completed prior to and after MRI investigation of the c...
journal_title：Journal of neurology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00314248
更新日期：1988-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The cases of identical twins with ataxia telangiectasia, early intellectual impairment and progressive spasticity are reported. Immunological tests revealed reduced levels of serum and salivary IgA, increased B cells, reduced T cells and raised alpha-fetoprotein. CT scan performed in one of the twins was normal. The p...
journal_title：Journal of neurology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00314163
更新日期：1986-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Posterior leukoencephalopathy typically denotes neurotoxicity from immunosuppressive agents, malignant hypertension or eclampsia. It has not been documented in central nervous system angiitis. We present three cases associated with isolated cerebral angiitis after review of all cases of isolated CNS angiitis from 1998...
journal_title：Journal of neurology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00415-003-1021-4
更新日期：2003-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Central nervous system (CNS) involvement in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) remains difficult to diagnose, particularly since structural abnormalities may not be revealed by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Glucose utilisation was measured by positron emission tomography (PET) in 35 SLE patients to detect signs of...
journal_title：Journal of neurology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s004150050071
更新日期：1997-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：INTRODUCTION:Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is induced by a wide spectrum of mutations such as exon deletions, duplications and small mutations in the dystrophin gene. This is the first study on the mutational spectrum in a cohort of DMD children from India, with an emphasis to compare the mutations in familial and ...
journal_title：Journal of neurology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00415-019-09380-3
更新日期：2019-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Advances in molecular biology have resulted in novel therapy for neurofibromatosis 2-related (NF2) tumours, highlighting the need for robust outcome measures. The disease-focused NF2 impact on quality of life (NFTI-QOL) patient questionnaire was assessed as an outcome measure for treatment in a multi-centre study. NFT...
journal_title：Journal of neurology
pub_type： 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi：10.1007/s00415-014-7303-1
更新日期：2014-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Non motor symptoms (NMS) of PD are a key determinant of health, quality of life and societal cost of PD. Contrary to common perception, many NMS of PD occur early in PD and some may even predate the diagnosis of PD which is based on motor signs. These include olfactory deficit, sleep problems such as REM behaviour dis...
journal_title：Journal of neurology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s00415-008-5006-1
更新日期：2008-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:To develop specific diagnostic ultrasound (US) models for hereditary motor and sensory neuropathies (HMSN) in patients with primarily demyelinating or axonal polyneuropathies (PNP) according to standard nerve conduction studies (NCS) criteria. METHODS:Single-centre, examiner-blinded cross-sectional study in ac...
journal_title：Journal of neurology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00415-017-8687-5
更新日期：2018-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:Epileptogenic foci exhibit disturbed function at the level of the benzodiazepine receptor. The aim of our study was to investigate the incidence of focal reductions of temporal benzodiazepine receptor binding (BRB) as assessed by scintigraphy with 123I-iomazenil in patients with denovo temporal lobe epilepsy (T...
journal_title：Journal of neurology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s004150170136
更新日期：2001-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Two patients are described, in whom MRI detected unilateral signal abnormalities in the region of the inferior olivary nuclei, suggesting an early stage of olivary hypertrophy. MRI was performed 4 and 7 weeks respectively after traumatic brain-stem injury. Palatal myoclonus was concomitantly observed in one patient, w...
journal_title：Journal of neurology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00867352
更新日期：1993-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The development of Guillain-Barré syndrome is reported in a patient, who had previously received botulinum toxin type A injections into both orbicularis oculi muscles to treat idiopathic blepharospasm. The possibility of a causal relationship is discussed with consideration of the literature on adverse effects of vacc...
journal_title：Journal of neurology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00319673
更新日期：1990-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Oculomotor dysfunction in Parkinson's disease (PD) is mainly characterized by a fragmentation of memory-guided gaze shifts (target is reached by several hypometric saccades). Since this phenomenon can also be observed in normal subjects, we scrutinized its pathophysiological significance in PD patients. We recorded ho...
journal_title：Journal of neurology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00415-002-0691-7
更新日期：2002-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Ten female patients suffering from catamenial epilepsy were treated with a synthetic analogue of the gonadotrophin releasing hormone (GnRH) in addition to antiepileptic drugs. Three of the patients became seizure free, in four patients seizure frequency decreased and in one patient seizures were of shorter duration. I...
journal_title：Journal of neurology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00810354
更新日期：1992-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We studied the diagnostic value of computed tomographic angiography (CTA) in the posterior circulation as a noninvasive substitute for intra-arterial digital subtraction angiography (DSA). We prospectively investigated 103 patients with acute stroke in the posterior circulation. All patients underwent CTA and Doppler ...
journal_title：Journal of neurology
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s004150070089
更新日期：2000-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We describe three patients in whom an isolated sixth nerve palsy was the only clinical symptom or sign of multiple sclerosis (MS). Data were collected prospectively over 6 years on these three patients, who showed no other signs of brainstem dysfunction or prior symptoms; in addition. Retrospective analysis of all pat...
journal_title：Journal of neurology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s004150070114
更新日期：2000-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Silver syndrome/SPG17 is a motor manifestation of mutations in the BSCL2 gene and usually presents as a complicated form of hereditary spastic paraplegia (HSP). We present clinical data, follow-up, and genetic results of seven patients with Silver syndrome/SPG17 including a family with a variable intrafamilial phenoty...
journal_title：Journal of neurology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00415-016-8301-2
更新日期：2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Additional autoimmune diseases in people with multiple sclerosis (MS) and their relatives have been studied many times. Studies have employed different designs, and yielded conflicting results. We performed a systematic review, and calculated overall risk of additional autoimmune diseases in people with MS and their f...
journal_title：Journal of neurology
pub_type： 杂志文章,meta分析,评审
doi：10.1007/s00415-012-6790-1
更新日期：2013-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A total of 15 patients affected by idiopathic dystonia (7 with generalized and 8 with focal or segmental dystonia) were subjected to therapy with bromocriptine at low doses, pimozide and trihexyphenidyl. The symptoms were evaluated by giving a progressive score in relation to the intensity of the dystonic symptom to e...
journal_title：Journal of neurology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00313391
更新日期：1982-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Multiple sclerosis (MS) notably affects adults of working age. For persons with MS (PwMS), being employed enhances their quality of life and it may be regarded as an indicator of overall functioning. Thus, ensuring work participation in PwMS is of general public health interest. OBJECTIVE:To examine relevan...
journal_title：Journal of neurology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00415-020-09973-3
更新日期：2020-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:The variability of the severity and regional distribution of pathological process in basal ganglia (BG) and brainstem-cerebellar systems results in clinical heterogeneity and represents the motor subtype of multiple system atrophy (MSA). This study aimed to quantify spatial patterns of multimodal MRI abnormal...
journal_title：Journal of neurology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00415-018-8874-z
更新日期：2018-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Migraine is a common and disabling nervous system disease with a significant genetic predisposition. The sex hormones play an important role in the pathogenesis of migraine. However, the conclusions of the previous genetic relation studies are conflicting. The aim of this study is to determine whether variants in gene...
journal_title：Journal of neurology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00415-016-8321-y
更新日期：2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:To analyze the in vivo biological effect of anti-interferon beta (IFN-beta) neutralizing antibodies (NABs), blood concentrations of neopterin, beta2microglobulin (Beta2-MG), mRNA-dependent myxovirusresistant protein A (MxA) and dsRNA-dependent protein kinase (PKR) were measured before (predose) and 24 hours after (pos...
journal_title：Journal of neurology
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00415-006-0332-7
更新日期：2007-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The clinicopathological findings of a 50-year-old man, who developed cervicothoracic syringomyelia at the age of 25 are presented. He was given radiation therapy at the age of 33. At the age of 57 he developed a foramen jugulare syndrome on the left, caused by a low grade leiomyosarcoma. Etiologically, the most attrac...
journal_title：Journal of neurology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00313150
更新日期：1980-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The pathophysiology of the striatum and cerebral cortex were studied from the pharmacological aspect. Investigation of the dopamine content in the cerebral cortex revealed that the premotor and motor area showed the highest level (61+/-6.2 ng/g). Intravenous injection of 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (M...
journal_title：Journal of neurology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/pl00007779
更新日期：2000-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Two siblings with Lafora disease (LD) are described: one with epilepsy, myoclonus, EEG abnormalities, severe dementia and many Lafora bodies (LBs) in muscle and skin tissue; the other with myoclonus, epilepsy, EEG abnormalities and LBs in muscle and in skin tissue, without dementia. The findings suggest that the diagn...
journal_title：Journal of neurology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00314784
更新日期：1991-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：AIMS:To investigate the occurrence of symptomatic peroneal neuropathy (PN) in cancer patients, as well as that of cancer in PN patients and to seek possible factors in the aetiology of PN. METHODS:Clinical, neurographical, and myographical data of patients with PN, in two general neurology clinics during a 5-year peri...
journal_title：Journal of neurology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s004150050096
更新日期：1997-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The objective of this study is to determine the current distribution of clinical phenotypes and to estimate future trends of ALS incidence in Western societies. We report on a clinical-epidemiological registry with a capture-recapture rate of >80% and population-based case-control study in ALS patients in South Wester...
journal_title：Journal of neurology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00415-017-8413-3
更新日期：2017-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This review gives an overview of various neuroimmunological diseases in terms of incidence and prevalence rates, age and sex distribution, and the frequency of subtypes, if applicable. The disorders selected for review are inflammatory muscle disorders (polymyositis, dermatomyositis and inclusion body myositis), myast...
journal_title：Journal of neurology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s00415-006-5001-3
更新日期：2006-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Autonomic nervous system (ANS) involvement is frequently found in Parkinson's disease (PD), but its causal relationship to the disease itself and its medication is unclear. We evaluated the effects of PD medications on cardiovascular ANS functions. Heart rate (HR) responses to normal and deep breathing, the Valsalva m...
journal_title：Journal of neurology
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1007/s004150070075
更新日期：2000-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Spinocerebellar ataxias (SCA) are a genetically heterogeneous group of neurodegenerative diseases characterised by progressive cerebellar ataxia, dysarthria and oculomotor abnormalities. Recently the prodynorphin (PDYN) gene was identified as the cause of SCA23 in four Dutch families displaying progressive gait and li...
journal_title：Journal of neurology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00415-012-6721-1
更新日期：2013-03-01 00:00:00
