Abstract:
:Bellevue Hospital, the oldest public hospital in the United States and a lineal descendant of an infirmary for slaves, accepted its first African-American resident, Dr. Ubert Conrad Vincent, in 1918. This occurred at a time when many medical centers were not accepting African-American residents. At the end of WWII, one-third of the accredited medical schools still barred African Americans. However, Bellevue Hospital continued to train African-American residents. Between the 1920s and 1940s four African Americans matriculated at Bellevue Hospital. There were six in the 1950s, four in the 1960s, and 25 in the 1970s. By the 1980s, 40 African Americans matriculated, and between 1990 and 1995, 61 matriculated. Despite its historic first, Bellevue lagged slightly behind the national average. While the number of African-American residents occupying U.S. residency slots increased from 2.8% in 1978 to 6.5% in 1996, African Americans comprised 3.6% of residency slots at Bellevue between 1985-1995. Currently, only 7% of practicing physicians and 5% in faculty positions are latino, African-American, and Native American. Increasing the number of under-represented minority (URM) physicians is important to the United States, as URM physicians are more likely to serve the poor and uninsured, therefore improving the overall healthcare of the underprivileged. A study by the Association of American Medical Colleges indicated that minority medical school graduates were five times more likely to report that they planned to serve minority populations than other graduates. In their position paper, the American College of Physicians expressed the belief that increasing the number of URM physicians will help reduce healthcare disparities that can hurt minority populations and lead to poor health outcomes. The Supreme Court acknowledged the importance of racial diversity by upholding the University of Michigan affirmative action admissions policy in its June 2003 ruling. URM physicians are needed not only to serve minority populations but also to serve as mentors and role models for prospective and current students. The first African-American resident to graduate from the Bellevue Residency Program did indeed treat the underserved, as Dr. Vincent founded the Vincent Sanatorium, dedicated to treating African-American patients, and training African-American nurses and doctors. Over the course of the 20th century, Bellevue Hospital has trained increasing numbers of African-American physicians. It is hoped that, like their predecessor, Dr. Vincent, they will provide care to underserved communities and to the community as a whole, as well as serve as role models for generations to come.
journal_name
J Natl Med Assocjournal_title
Journal of the National Medical Associationauthors
Green-McKenzie Jkeywords:
subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2004-03-01 00:00:00pages
372-5issue
3eissn
0027-9684issn
1943-4693journal_volume
96pub_type
历史文章,杂志文章abstract::Polymastia is described and tumor formation in this condition is discussed. Two cases of carcinoma is aberrant breast tissue and one of fibroadenoma in a supernumerary breast are reported. ...
journal_title:Journal of the National Medical Association
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1982-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Group B streptococci (GBS) have been infrequently recognized as a cause of pharyngitis. We report three cases of GBS pharyngitis in patients with underlying diseases, two of whom were treated with and responded incompletely to oral beta-lactam antibiotics. The susceptibility of 20 clinical isolates of GBS was tested b...
journal_title:Journal of the National Medical Association
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1981-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Enlarged spleen without a clear-cut etiology, and believed to be related to malarial infestations, has been referred to as "tropical splenomegaly" and "cryptogenetic splenomegaly." Splenectomy performed in such cases after a failure of antimalarial therapy shows histopathologically, while some of these meet the criter...
journal_title:Journal of the National Medical Association
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1980-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::An update of the state of the art of cancer chemotherapeutic treatment of genitourinary tract cancer is described in this multi-part series. Included in the review are cancers of the kidney, bladder, prostate, testicle, ovary, uterus, vulva, and gestational trophoblastic neoplasms. Part 2 focuses on Wilms' tumor and b...
journal_title:Journal of the National Medical Association
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:1988-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Collagenous colitis has been associated with autoimmune diseases. Co-occurence of systemic sclerosis and collagenous colitis is particularly rare. Herein, we described a 65-year-old woman with systemic sclerosis whose diarrhea and abdominal cramping were due to collagenous colitis. We have reviewed the clinical and hi...
journal_title:Journal of the National Medical Association
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2007-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Obesity is on the rise worldwide. An obesity subtype, metabolically healthy obese (MHO), is resilient to unfavorable metabolic and cardiovascular effects. Factors predicting MHO phenotype are not well characterized. We aimed to identify MHO and metabolically unhealthy obese (MUO) children and adolescents with respect ...
journal_title:Journal of the National Medical Association
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jnma.2017.02.008
更新日期:2017-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Underrepresented minorities (URMs) make up a disproportionately small percentage of medical school applicants, matriculants, and physicians relative to the general US population. Preprofessional pipeline programs may help introduce URMs to careers in the medical field. MiniMeds was developed as a paracurricular enrich...
journal_title:Journal of the National Medical Association
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0027-9684(15)30437-5
更新日期:2011-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Ten patients underwent implantation of intrathecal morphine catheters with subcutaneous implantation of morphine Infusaid pumps for the treatment of intractable pain of malignant origin from May 1984 to October 1985. All patients exhibited a good initial response to intrathecal morphine and developed some degree of to...
journal_title:Journal of the National Medical Association
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1987-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:The purpose of this study is to characterize African-American women attending a community clinic who report frequent douching (douching > or = 2 times per week). METHODS:A consecutive sample of 115 black women attending a community clinic were interviewed face-to-face about their douching practices. Logistic...
journal_title:Journal of the National Medical Association
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2005-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Two women over the age of 50 years presented with ketoacidosis as the first manifestation of diabetes mellitus. The first patient failed to respond to a regimen of hourly intramuscular injections of regular insulin. She only improved when a continuous intravenous infusion of regular insulin was utilized. The second pa...
journal_title:Journal of the National Medical Association
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1986-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::This review provides a fresh perspective on the work of J. Marion Sims, an Antebellum era physician who invented the vaginally speculum that bears his name. His accent to become the "Father of Modern Gynecology" was his groundbreaking development of the surgical techniques for the repair for vesicovaginal fistula. Rec...
journal_title:Journal of the National Medical Association
pub_type: 传,历史文章,杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.jnma.2019.02.002
更新日期:2019-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:AIMS OF THE STUDY:Type-2 diabetic patients have excessive cardiovascular mortality, primarily related to diabetic nephropathy. The extent of the morbidity due to nephropathy in type-2 diabetes mellitus has not been fully quantified in Nigeria. This study aims to quantify the prevalence of micro- and macrovascular compl...
journal_title:Journal of the National Medical Association
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2003-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:Breast cancer mortality has declined, yet disease outcomes have not improved equally across populations. Disparities may initiate early in the continuum of care, in health behavior patterns, and screening practices. We examined variations in mammography, exercise, fruit and vegetable intake, alcohol consumpti...
journal_title:Journal of the National Medical Association
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0027-9684(15)30937-8
更新日期:2009-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The Masterson curette was used to sample the endometrial cavity of 25 women prior to scheduled hysterectomy for benign or malignant pathology. Adequate amount of tissue was obtained in 20 (87%) of 23 patients who did not have endometrial atrophy. The Masterson curettage detected all seven cases of endometrial hyperpla...
journal_title:Journal of the National Medical Association
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1995-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Psychiatry is in ferment. In the present sluggish economy nonphysician psychotherapists, often charging lower fees, are competing with psychiatrists for patients. At the same time theories and therapies that can be characterized as psychodynamic appear to be on the defensive, increasingly challenged by those with beha...
journal_title:Journal of the National Medical Association
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1984-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To assess differences in self-reported health status and satisfaction between African-American and caucasian veterans with ischemic heart disease (IHD). DATA SOURCES/STUDY SETTING:African-American and caucasian patients enrolled in General Internal Medicine clinics at six Veteran Affairs Medical Centers. ST...
journal_title:Journal of the National Medical Association
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2004-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Malaria continues to be a cause of high mortality and morbidity. Imported cases of malaria are increasing in New York City. Yet, New York physicians, when evaluating patients for fever, frequently missed the diagnosis of malaria. We evaluated the role of platelet count for predicting malarial infection. The study incl...
journal_title:Journal of the National Medical Association
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2004-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Crohn's disease is less prevalent in blacks than in whites. However, when it does occur, it is associated with a high degree of morbidity and is frequently unrecognized at initial presentation. Forty-three patients with Crohn's disease presented to Howard University Hospital between 1965 and 1987. There were 156 hospi...
journal_title:Journal of the National Medical Association
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1990-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Several studies have been published in the western literature on the incidence, clinical course and outcome of patients with ARDS. However, there is limited data about ARDS in the tropics and moreover, the etiology and outcomes of ARDS in tropical countries are different from those of western nations. In tro...
journal_title:Journal of the National Medical Association
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jnma.2017.07.002
更新日期:2018-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::This survey assessed the reported frequency of breast self-examination (BSE): the knowledge of the technique and attitudes regarding the self-exam of 180 black women. Most respondents indicated having practiced the exam during the previous year, and 50% reported practicing it monthly or more often. Less than half of t...
journal_title:Journal of the National Medical Association
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1989-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::A review of the literature on sickle cell trait was completed by Sears in 1978. Since that time, several papers have been published concerning the possible health risks of sickle cell trait. Data presented from these studies show that there is no association with sickle cell trait and overall survival, overall mortali...
journal_title:Journal of the National Medical Association
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:1982-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::In 1994, it was estimated that about 44,500 American women would die from breast cancer and 7000 women from cervical cancer. While early detection methods (screening mammography, breast examinations, and pap smears) have proven to be effective means of decreasing these cancers, they are underused by all groups. In par...
journal_title:Journal of the National Medical Association
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1996-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The purpose of this study was to identify attitudes associated with the willingness of African Americans to participate in prostate cancer screening. Subjects > or = 40 years were recruited from South Central Los Angeles. Fifty-six respondents were divided into low or middle socioeconomic groups based on education and...
journal_title:Journal of the National Medical Association
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1996-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Surgery is the modality of choice in curative treatment for cancer of the colon and rectum. Since a majority of the patients present advanced disease where the surgical outlook is poor, adjuvant therapy may be warranted. Clinical and experimental data demonstrate the benefits from preoperative radiation therapy and so...
journal_title:Journal of the National Medical Association
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1978-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::In the past the study of the allocation of scarce medical resources centered around "high-tech" forms of health care, such as the use of the artificial heart and hemodialysis. The use of nonbiomedical criteria (ie, should the social worth or financial status of a particular patient dictate preferential treatment over ...
journal_title:Journal of the National Medical Association
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1986-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Opioid use disorder (OUD) constitutes a significant public health burden as opioid overdose deaths have continued to rise in the United States. Although treatment modalities are available to manage OUD, some patients experience challenges achieving their OUD management goals. Some of these challenges may be attributab...
journal_title:Journal of the National Medical Association
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jnma.2019.09.006
更新日期:2019-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Wilms' tumor is a malignancy that most often affects children. It usually is discovered incidentally by a parent or family member in an asymptomatic child. The development of surgical techniques and the addition of adjuvant therapies have made this once incurable disease curable. The National Wilms' Tumor Study group,...
journal_title:Journal of the National Medical Association
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1998-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The rare association of protease inhibitor deficiency (Pi(zz) genotype) in a black American with chronic, obstructive pulmonary disease due to asthmatic bronchitis, rather than basal pan lobular emphysema, is presented. The late onset of symptoms, despite environmental exposures, is also unusual in this homozygote, as...
journal_title:Journal of the National Medical Association
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1978-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The harmful effects of tobacco use and nicotine are well known. There is strong epidemiological evidence for smoking as a risk factor for cancer of the lung and oral cavity. The evidence for second-hand smoke as a risk factor for breast cancer is rapidly accumulating. The anthracycline doxorubicin is used in the treat...
journal_title:Journal of the National Medical Association
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2007-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:This exploratory study uses nationally representative data to evaluate the extent to which ambulatory care for work-related conditions varies by patients' race and ethnicity. METHODS:Using the National Ambulatory Medical Care Survey (NAMCS) for 1997 and 1998, we describe medical care for work-related condit...
journal_title:Journal of the National Medical Association
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2005-04-01 00:00:00