Abstract:
:Similar to many complex autoimmune diseases, genetic and environmental factors including diet, infection and xenobiotics play a critical role in the development of autism. In this study, we postulated that infectious agent antigens such as streptokinase, dietary peptides (gliadin and casein) and ethyl mercury (xenobiotic) bind to different lymphocyte receptors and tissue enzyme (DPP IV or CD26). We assessed this hypothesis first by measuring IgG, IgM and IgA antibodies against CD26, CD69, streptokinase (SK), gliadin and casein peptides and against ethyl mercury bound to human serum albumin in patients with autism. A significant percentage of children with autism developed anti-SK, anti-gliadin and casein peptides and anti-ethyl mercury antibodies, concomitant with the appearance of anti-CD26 and anti-CD69 autoantibodies. These antibodies are synthesized as a result of SK, gliadin, casein and ethyl mercury binding to CD26 and CD69, indicating that they are specific. Immune absorption demonstrated that only specific antigens, like CD26, were capable of significantly reducing serum anti-CD26 levels. However, for direct demonstration of SK, gliadin, casein and ethyl mercury to CD26 or CD69, microtiter wells were coated with CD26 or CD69 alone or in combination with SK, gliadin, casein or ethyl mercury and then reacted with enzyme labeled rabbit anti-CD26 or anti-CD69. Adding these molecules to CD26 or CD69 resulted in 28-86% inhibition of CD26 or CD69 binding to anti-CD26 or anti-CD69 antibodies. The highest % binding of these antigens or peptides to CD26 or CD69 was attributed to SK and the lowest to casein peptides. We, therefore, propose that bacterial antigens (SK), dietary peptides (gliadin, casein) and Thimerosal (ethyl mercury) in individuals with pre-disposing HLA molecules, bind to CD26 or CD69 and induce antibodies against these molecules. In conclusion, this study is apparently the first to demonstrate that dietary peptides, bacterial toxins and xenobiotics bind to lymphocyte receptors and/or tissue enzymes, resulting in autoimmune reaction in children with autism.
journal_name
Int J Immunopathol Pharmacolauthors
Vojdani A,Pangborn JB,Vojdani E,Cooper ELdoi
10.1177/039463200301600302keywords:
subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2003-09-01 00:00:00pages
189-99issue
3eissn
0394-6320issn
2058-7384pii
2journal_volume
16pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Classification of upper tract urothelial preneoplastic and neoplastic lesions mirrors that of the urinary bladder, with all lesions of the bladder urothelium being possible in the upper tract and vice versa. There are three major groups of non-invasive urothelial neoplasms: flat, papillary, and inverted. These three g...
journal_title:International journal of immunopathology and pharmacology
pub_type: 社论,评审
doi:10.1177/039463201402700406
更新日期:2014-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Occupational exposure to chromium may cause airway inflammation and bronchial asthma. In this study we investigated the effect of chromium on the respiratory tract of exposed and non-exposed electroplating workers using spirometry and analysis of induced sputum (IS), exhaled breath condensate (EBC) and nasal lavage fl...
journal_title:International journal of immunopathology and pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2006-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Small B-cell lymphocytic lymphoma/chronic lymphocytic leukemia, which typically affects elderly people, is a group of conditions that are not clinically uniform. It has been suggested that using the combined activity of the monoclonal antibody anti-CD20 (rituximab) and Listeria monocytogenes toxin listeriolysin O (LLO...
journal_title:International journal of immunopathology and pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/0394632015595778
更新日期:2015-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The role of profilin as an allergen has long been questioned. The capacity of profilin to induce respiratory symptoms has recently been demonstrated; moreover, over 50% of patients sensitized to profilin experienced symptoms after the ingestion of plant-derived foods, suggesting that profilin should be considered as a...
journal_title:International journal of immunopathology and pharmacology
pub_type: 信件
doi:10.1177/0394632015621926
更新日期:2016-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The aim of this report is to present a new investigative approach to implant dentistry based on the correlation of qualitative and quantitative data reported on the same figure by overlapping different images collected on the specimen with different investigative systems. Six unloaded titanium dental implants retrieve...
journal_title:International journal of immunopathology and pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/039463200702001s09
更新日期:2007-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Autoantibodies (rheumatoid factor, RF; anti-citrullinated-protein antibodies, ACPA) and complement system are involved in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). ACPA and anti-TNF agents are capable of in vitro modulating complement activity. We investigated the relationships between complement, autoantibodies, and anti-TNF treatm...
journal_title:International journal of immunopathology and pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/039463201102400209
更新日期:2011-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::United airway disease (UAD) concept proposed that asthma and rhinitis are both different clinical manifestation of a single inflammatory process. The aim of this study is to assess in upper and lower airways the level of inflammation and oxidative stress and to investigate the relationship between biomarkers in persis...
journal_title:International journal of immunopathology and pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/039463201002300425
更新日期:2010-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Immunosuppressive treatment has changed the prognosis of Lupus nephritis over time, but improvement in prognosis is difficult to analyze in different historical periods, and should be better demonstrated in comparison with life expectancy of sex-and age-matched people. Long-term patient and renal survival of 90 patien...
journal_title:International journal of immunopathology and pharmacology
pub_type: 信件
doi:10.1177/039463200902200432
更新日期:2009-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Optimal management of deep infections in orthopedic and trauma surgery is often challenging. Traditional prophylactic and treatment approaches are based on the systemic administration of relatively high doses of antibiotics, which may result in a number of side effects. Furthermore, systemically administered antimicro...
journal_title:International journal of immunopathology and pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究,评审
doi:10.1177/03946320110241S223
更新日期:2011-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Four clinical cases regarding the correct diagnosis of early ocular Chlamydia trachomatis (Ct) inflammation, performed by two different modalities on the ocular ecosystem, are discussed. The present study was carried out in parallel using a cotton flock ocular swab and the scraping of upper lid conjunctiva. The ocular...
journal_title:International journal of immunopathology and pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/039463201202500427
更新日期:2012-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Orofacial clefts are common congenital defects whose prevalence differs between geographical regions and ethnic groups. The inheritance is complex, involving the contribution of both genetic and environmental factors. The involvement of genes belonging to the folate pathway is still matter of debate, with strong evide...
journal_title:International journal of immunopathology and pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/2058738419855571
更新日期:2019-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::3-(2-ethylphenyl)-5-(3-methoxyphenyl)-1H-1,2,4-triazole (ST1959) has shown therapeutic effects in several animal models of autoimmune diseases. In this study the effects of ST1959 were further investigated in a murine model of colitis. The evidence obtained indicates that the beneficial effects exerted by ST1959 rely ...
journal_title:International journal of immunopathology and pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/039463200902200105
更新日期:2009-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Although dental implants have undergone impressive evolution in recent years, periimplantitis still remains a relevant problem and information on the susceptibility of commercial implants to bacterial colonization is insufficient. This work evaluated the susceptibility of different commercial implants to bacterial col...
journal_title:International journal of immunopathology and pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/039463201302600218
更新日期:2013-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The role of inhaled corticosteroids in asthma exacerbation is debated. We compared high doses of nebulized budesonide versus high doses of nebulized flunisolide, in association with a short-acting beta-2-agonist, in the treatment of moderate asthma exacerbation in preschool children. In this randomized, parallel group...
journal_title:International journal of immunopathology and pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1177/039463200902200213
更新日期:2009-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Paracrine mediators released from endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) have been implicated in neoangiogenesis following ischemia. Recently, we demonstrated that microvesicles (MVs) derived from EPCs are able to activate an angiogenic program in quiescent endothelial cells by a horizontal transfer of RNA. In this study...
journal_title:International journal of immunopathology and pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/039463201202500110
更新日期:2012-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::In recent decades, the role played by the immune response to bacteria in the pathogenesis of chronic periodontal disease (PD) has long been studied. Although from the clinical point of view, adequate oral hygiene is essential to ensure a satisfactory response of the host to infections, modulation of the reaction of im...
journal_title:International journal of immunopathology and pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/2058738419840844
更新日期:2019-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is a heterogeneous disorder characterized by destruction of pancreatic beta cells, culminating in loss of insulin secretion. Data from large epidemiologic studies worldwide indicate that during the last decades the incidence of T1D has increased significantly, reaching percentages of 2-5% annuall...
journal_title:International journal of immunopathology and pharmacology
pub_type: 评论,信件
doi:10.1177/039463201202500228
更新日期:2012-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The possibility of the non-parenteral Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) transmission is supported by the demonstration that the actual virus is present in several body fluids, including saliva. From a review of the literature many investigators have found the presence of HCV-RNA in saliva, however, widely contrasting results em...
journal_title:International journal of immunopathology and pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2006-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:UNLABELLED:Insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) is involved in regulating the Th-1/Th-2 balance, favoring the development of the Th-2 compartment which enhances fibrosis, one of the main characteristics of Chronic Lung Disease (CLD) in premature newborns. Limited data is available concerning a possible association betw...
journal_title:International journal of immunopathology and pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2006-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::We examined the expression of human leukocyte antigen (HLA) and composition of differentiated T cells in the peripheral blood to understand the characteristics of the immune changes in patients with adult-onset Still's disease (AOSD). This study enrolled patients with AOSD (n = 14), patients with rheumatoid arthritis ...
journal_title:International journal of immunopathology and pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/2058738418791284
更新日期:2018-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Asthma is a chronic airway inflammatory disease associated with airway hyperresponsiveness which affects subjects with genetic predisposition. An association has been reported between some polymorphisms in various cytokine genes and asthma. Most of them are single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). These polymorphisms a...
journal_title:International journal of immunopathology and pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/039463201302600107
更新日期:2013-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::We describe the case of a child affected by milk-protein induced enterocolitis, in which oral challenge with corn was performed without symptoms after a negative specific Atopy Patch Test. Food protein-induced enterocolitis syndrome (FPIES) is an uncommon nonIgE-mediated gastrointestinal food hypersensitivity of infan...
journal_title:International journal of immunopathology and pharmacology
pub_type: 信件
doi:10.1177/039463201302600327
更新日期:2013-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Regulatory T cells (Treg) play a critical role in immune homeostasis and expansion of Treg is controlled by chemokine receptors. The chemokine CXCL12 and its G-protein-coupled receptor (CXCR4) are involved in the development of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), but the association of Treg with the CXCL12/CXCR4 axis...
journal_title:International journal of immunopathology and pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/039463201002300207
更新日期:2010-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Hypertension has been suggested to exert pro-inflammatory actions through increased expression of several mediators, including chemokines. Chemokines are involved in inflammatory and autoimmune disorders, and in the formation of atherosclerotic lesions through promotion of inflammatory cell migration. The aim of this ...
journal_title:International journal of immunopathology and pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/039463201202500208
更新日期:2012-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Epithelial mesenchymal transformation is considered a cardinal process in orofacial development. Several molecular players appear to be involved in this delicate mechanism; the activation of LEF1 transcription factor by transforming growth factor beta 3 seems to be a key step for the correct flow of events. The failur...
journal_title:International journal of immunopathology and pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/03946320110240S204
更新日期:2011-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Extranodal non-Hodgkin lymphomas limited to the larynx are rare, accounting for less than 1% of all laryngeal neoplasms. The most common site of development of primary laryngeal lymphomas is the supraglottic region. In most cases, the presenting symptoms are hoarseness, dysphagia, dyspnea, and cervical lymphadenopathy...
journal_title:International journal of immunopathology and pharmacology
pub_type: 信件
doi:10.1177/039463201402700319
更新日期:2014-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::It is well known that in some conditions bacteria of physiological flora of gastrointestinal tract may become pathogenic. Each complaint which causes injury of gastrointestinal wall integrity permits bacteria to penetrate the tissues and affect the tissue cells. Since mast cells represent one of very important and num...
journal_title:International journal of immunopathology and pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1999-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The use of particles from micro to nanoscale provides benefits to diverse scientific fields, but because a large percentage of their atoms lie on the surface, nanomaterials could be highly reactive and pose potential risks to humans. Due to their wide range of application, Cobalt nano-particles are of great interest b...
journal_title:International journal of immunopathology and pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2006-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) was a potential tumor immunotherapy target. IDO inhibitors showed inconsistent results in clinical trials, but no preclinical comparative study was reported. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the differences of representative IDO inhibitors (PCC0208009, INCB024360,...
journal_title:International journal of immunopathology and pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/2058738420950584
更新日期:2020-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Pseudoxanthoma Elasticum-like Papillary Dermal Elastolysis (PXE-PDE) is a peculiar idiopathic elastolytic disorder that clinically resembles Psudoxanthoma elasticum(PXE). It is histologically characterized by a total or partial loss of elastic fibers in the papillary dermis. It more often affects elderly women and is ...
journal_title:International journal of immunopathology and pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/039463201302600423
更新日期:2013-10-01 00:00:00