Abstract:
:Adolescent pregnancy and its consequences continue as major sources of morbidity in the United States. A teenager who becomes a parent is at a significant disadvantage in becoming a contributing adult, both psychosocially and economically. The physician who cares for adolescents has the responsibility of helping parenting teens to find needed support so that they will be able to overcome this significant hurdle. Attention from public agencies has focused on increasing condom use as one approach to adolescent pregnancy prevention. The major advantage of using condoms is that they also prevent transmission of sexually transmitted diseases. Of note is that level of knowledge about condoms is not related to their use, and engaging in high-risk behaviors is related to a decreased likelihood of condom use. With rates of condom use estimated at less than 50%, rates of sexually transmitted disease remain high, as reported in recent surveys. :Sexual activity among adolescents had increased in the US over the past 20 years. Surveys suggest that 14-44% of males and 7-30% of females under age 15 have had sexual intercourse. Risk factors for early sexual activity include low socioeconomic status, low future achievement orientation, and peer and media influence. Surveys indicate, however, that less than 50% of youths use condoms when having intercourse. Both pregnancy and sexually transmitted disease (STD) rates are therefore elevated in these populations in the US. 40% of female American adolescents are impregnated before turning 20 years old; approximately 75% of these pregnancies are unplanned. Of the more than 1 million annual adolescent pregnancies, 400,000 are aborted, 470,000 are born to term, and the rest result in spontaneous miscarriage. Only 5% of those ultimately born are turned over for adoption. The US public annual monetary cost of these unwanted and unplanned pregnancies is estimated to be $20 billion. Teen mothers usually do not finish their education, do not support themselves financially, have failed marriages, produce babies with relatively more health problems, and have more babies grouped close together by age. US adolescents and youths are simply not using contraception effectively. Condoms are especially appropriate and recommended within this age group due to the often sporadic nature and multiplicity of their sexual contacts, as well as the ability of condoms to reduce the risk of both pregnancy and STD transmission. Physicians need to teach and counsel their young clients, and advocate that they receive services targeted to their needs. Finally, any such interventions should be developed with the understanding that the level of knowledge about condoms is not related to their use, and that high- risk sex behavior is related to a decreased likelihood of condom use. Risk prevention efforts should reach young adolescents before they initiate and become accustomed to sexual risk-taking, and aim to change attitudes toward peer beliefs and behaviors; decrease perceived costs; and increase attitudes about the effectiveness of condoms in preventing STDs.
journal_name
Curr Opin Obstet Gynecoljournal_title
Current opinion in obstetrics & gynecologyauthors
Cromer BA,Brown RTkeywords:
subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1992-12-01 00:00:00pages
855-9issue
6eissn
1040-872Xissn
1473-656Xjournal_volume
4pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Traditionally, ovarian stimulation for IVF/intracytoplasmic sperm injection is performed by healthcare professionals, requiring the patient to make frequent visits to these centres. We describe the rationale, research findings and early clinical experience with home-based sonography for IVF patients. ...
journal_title:Current opinion in obstetrics & gynecology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/GCO.0000000000000363
更新日期:2017-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:To describe the beneficial effects of micronutrient supplementation on male fertility. RECENT FINDINGS:Several micronutrients have beneficial effects on sperm quality, as well on male fertility (e.g. pregnancy rate). A deliberate use of micronutrients might be helpful for infertile patients. Healthca...
journal_title:Current opinion in obstetrics & gynecology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/GCO.0000000000000063
更新日期:2014-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:The purpose of this review was to summarize recently published clinical and animal-based studies of antenatal corticosteroids, describe current recommendations for practice, and suggest priority areas for future research. RECENT FINDINGS:A single course of antenatal corticosteroids is known to improv...
journal_title:Current opinion in obstetrics & gynecology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/00001703-200212000-00006
更新日期:2002-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:The purpose is to review current recommendations for the evaluation and management of delayed puberty in the female patient. RECENT FINDINGS:Kisspeptin activation has emerged as an important factor for initiation of pubertal development. Causes of delayed puberty can be considered in four main catego...
journal_title:Current opinion in obstetrics & gynecology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/GCO.0000000000000303
更新日期:2016-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Spontaneous preterm birth complicates 3-11% of pregnancies and is a major cause of neonatal mortality and morbidity worldwide. If accurate tests can be identified, a potentially effective screening strategy with an adjunct preventive therapy may be trialled to reduce the rate of spontaneous preterm bi...
journal_title:Current opinion in obstetrics & gynecology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/GCO.0b013e328359823a
更新日期:2012-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:The review aims to summarize recent data about vascular endothelial growth factor and its implications in the normal endometrium during the menstrual cycle, implantation window and early pregnancy. RECENT FINDINGS:Angiogenesis is crucial for the development of endometrium as well as for embryo implan...
journal_title:Current opinion in obstetrics & gynecology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/01.gco.0000175362.12470.e0
更新日期:2005-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Common and important psychosomatic disorders in pregnancy reviewed here include perinatal depression, posttraumatic stress disorders, anxiety disorders, eating disorders, and postpartum psychosis. RECENT FINDINGS:Research has focused on antenatal depression as postpartum depression often has onset pr...
journal_title:Current opinion in obstetrics & gynecology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/GCO.0b013e3280825614
更新日期:2007-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::An increasing number of diseases in child and adult life are now thought to have their origins in the fetal period. Central to this predisposition is restriction of fetal growth. During the period reviewed in this article, the associations between adult hypertension and low birthweight were confirmed, and numerous stu...
journal_title:Current opinion in obstetrics & gynecology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/00001703-199804000-00011
更新日期:1998-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:More than 50% of all gynecologic cancers can be classified as rare tumors (defined as an incidence of <6 per 100 000) and as such represent a major challenge for clinicians. RECENT FINDINGS:The rapidly increasing number of targeted therapies provides a unique opportunity to improve treatment options ...
journal_title:Current opinion in obstetrics & gynecology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/GCO.0000000000000144
更新日期:2015-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Many different disease processes can result in a phenotype of hirsutism, anovulation, and oligomenorrhea or amenorrhea. An important goal of reproductive endocrinologists is to identify specific genetic diseases that can produce the hyperandrogenic phenotype. Two genetic disorders that can result in the hyperandrogeni...
journal_title:Current opinion in obstetrics & gynecology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1991-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:To provide a concise review of advances in prediction of preeclampsia, highlighting the most important and interesting articles among the many published within the past months, making a clear distinction between early and late clinical forms of the condition. RECENT FINDINGS:The performance of matern...
journal_title:Current opinion in obstetrics & gynecology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/GCO.0b013e328344579c
更新日期:2011-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:To review minimally invasive modifications of traditional surgeries for female stress urinary incontinence (SUI) in light of increased demand. RECENT FINDINGS:Prior to the synthetic mid-urethral sling (MUS), traditional procedures were used to correct SUI. Often these were retropubic colposuspension ...
journal_title:Current opinion in obstetrics & gynecology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/GCO.0000000000000579
更新日期:2019-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Although cervical cytology screening programs have dramatically decreased rates of invasive cancer in developed countries, most guidelines in the USA were overaggressive in their management of abnormal cytology in adolescents and young women. These management strategies resulted in costly over-treatme...
journal_title:Current opinion in obstetrics & gynecology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/01.gco.0000179665.90778.f7
更新日期:2005-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:To present the outcome of laparoscopic resection for bowel endometriosis. RECENT FINDINGS:In the last 12 months, numerous articles have been published to demonstrate and underline the efficiency and feasibility of the laparoscopic approach in the treatment of bowel endometriosis. SUMMARY:Endometrios...
journal_title:Current opinion in obstetrics & gynecology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/GCO.0b013e3283630e26
更新日期:2013-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Neuromodulation is one option for the management of a wide variety of lower urinary tract disorders, including non-neuropathic and neuropathic bladder dysfunctions. The mechanisms of action of the reported techniques remain unclear; urodynamic changes are minimal, but symptomatic improvements are common. Although the ...
journal_title:Current opinion in obstetrics & gynecology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/00001703-199810000-00010
更新日期:1998-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:To review the effect of local injury to the endometrium on the implantation rate in IVF-embryo transfer. RECENT FINDINGS:In 2003, Barash et al. reported that endometrial sampling of IVF patients using a biopsy catheter substantially increases their chances to conceive at the following IVF-embryo tran...
journal_title:Current opinion in obstetrics & gynecology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/GCO.0b013e32832a0654
更新日期:2009-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Various malignant neoplasms, either primary or secondary, can affect the vagina. The most common primary malignant tumors of the vagina are squamous cell cancers; however, they are among the most uncommon of all primary gynecologic cancers. Vaginal intraepithelial neoplasia is being diagnosed with increasing frequency...
journal_title:Current opinion in obstetrics & gynecology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:1991-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Advances in perinatal and neonatal health care over the past few decades have resulted in a substantial reduction in perinatal mortality. Some of this improvement has been attributed to antepartum fetal surveillance techniques. The primary objective of antepartum fetal surveillance techniques is to avoid fetal deaths....
journal_title:Current opinion in obstetrics & gynecology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:1997-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::In the past year, new data have been published on the molecular biology of human papillomavirus infections and their relationship to cervical neoplasia. As molecular techniques have become more sophisticated and as the molecular knowledge of human papilloma-virus infections has been pursued in greater depth, it is inc...
journal_title:Current opinion in obstetrics & gynecology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:1992-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:The recovery of immature oocytes followed by in-vitro maturation (IVM) and in-vitro fertilization is an attractive alternative to conventional in-vitro fertilization treatment in which controlled ovarian stimulation with gonadotropins is used to increase the number of available oocytes and embryos. Si...
journal_title:Current opinion in obstetrics & gynecology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/00001703-200406000-00003
更新日期:2004-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Current studies verify the safety of surgery in the elderly. Delirium is a costly complication, but its incidence and severity can be reduced by pre- and postoperative interventions. Avoidance of even mild hypothermia has now been shown to reduce cardiovascular morbidity. New information available on the cardiovascula...
journal_title:Current opinion in obstetrics & gynecology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:1997-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:The utility of positron emission tomography (PET) in gynecologic malignancy has increased rapidly in recent years. This review examines publications in this area. RECENT FINDINGS:PET scans are mostly performed using 18-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG-PET). It is valuable in primary staging of untreated advan...
journal_title:Current opinion in obstetrics & gynecology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/GCO.0b013e32801195c9
更新日期:2007-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Since its discovery in 1994, leptin has appeared to be a pleiotrophic hormone, governing energy homeostasis and affecting many tissues in the body. Numerous pieces of evidence have accumulated showing that leptin potentially plays an important role in the control of the reproductive function. RECENT ...
journal_title:Current opinion in obstetrics & gynecology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/01.gco.0000193004.35287.89
更新日期:2006-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:This review discusses recently published data concerning the anabolic effects of androgens on muscle and the mechanism by which testosterone regulates body composition with special emphasis on the anabolic effects of androgens on the muscles of the pelvic floor and lower urinary tract. RECENT FINDING...
journal_title:Current opinion in obstetrics & gynecology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/00001703-200410000-00009
更新日期:2004-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The subdermal contraceptive implant etonogestrel (Implanon; NV Organon International, Oss, The Netherlands) exerts complex effects on the endometrium. These include direct effects on the endometrium through endometrial progestin target sites, and indirect effects through suppression of the hypothalamic-pituitary-ovari...
journal_title:Current opinion in obstetrics & gynecology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/00001703-200106000-00015
更新日期:2001-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Specialized fetal echocardiography at 18 to 22 weeks for high-risk groups is well established as being sensitive and specific for most cardiac abnormalities. Early fetal echocardiography (< 16(+0) weeks, i.e. 16 weeks and 0 days) is a feasible alternative to mid second trimester scanning for families at risk of congen...
journal_title:Current opinion in obstetrics & gynecology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/00001703-200104000-00010
更新日期:2001-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Laparoscopic oophorectomy is one of the most controversial and challenging areas of endoscopic surgery. Judicious preoperative evaluation along with careful patient selection can reduce the risk of operating on an unsuspected ovarian malignancy. Appropriate patient consent and planning should be obtained before the pr...
journal_title:Current opinion in obstetrics & gynecology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:1995-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Examine recent evidence of randomized controlled trials and meta-analyses regarding the effect of maternal vitamin D status and supplementation over obstetrical and offspring outcomes. RECENT FINDINGS:Maternal serum 25-hydroxyvitamin [25(OH)D] progressively declines during pregnancy because of fetal ...
journal_title:Current opinion in obstetrics & gynecology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/GCO.0000000000000641
更新日期:2020-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The value of directed management based on contemporary fetal assessment techniques in the high-risk pregnancy is undisputed. Whether such benefits are evident in the low-risk pregnancy is now an issue of considerable clinical and economic importance. Recent literature suggests that extension of fetal surveillance to t...
journal_title:Current opinion in obstetrics & gynecology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/00001703-199512000-00011
更新日期:1995-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:To describe the current consensus regarding the modern management of ovarian endometriosis and summarize the recent evidence that led to a shift in the management recommendations. RECENT FINDINGS:The vast majority of the recent studies demonstrate an adverse effect of surgery on ovarian reserve marke...
journal_title:Current opinion in obstetrics & gynecology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/GCO.0000000000000078
更新日期:2014-08-01 00:00:00