Abstract:
:Methods for investigating contact eczematous patients and for measuring the sensitizing potential of various substances are well known and in general, sufficiently effective. This is not true for irritant dermatitis, or for possible (skin) irritant substances; moreover, cosmetics commonly do not contain acutely harmful ingredients. The use of various instrumental measurements (insensible H2O loss, CO2 release, electrical impedance, sweat rate) as indicators of the irritant potentials of substances is advocated. At the same time it is suggested that the factory physician actively investigate the workers in his factory, since these workers are exposed to known substances in known concentrations and combinations, possibly for extensive periods. This may prove to be part of a new role for him. A cosmetic may be one of several factors increasing impairment and only beyond a certain limit may this result in overt disease. Below that limit the health reserve is only partially depleted. Whether this is harmful to a person depends on other stresses, such as medicaments, work materials, other cosmetics and environmental chemicals. The effect of these must also be quantified. A model of these cumulative stresses and reactions is presented and discussed.
journal_name
Contact Dermatitisjournal_title
Contact dermatitisauthors
Malten KEdoi
10.1111/j.1600-0536.1975.tb05305.xkeywords:
subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1975-01-01 00:00:00pages
16-26issue
1eissn
0105-1873issn
1600-0536journal_volume
1pub_type
杂志文章abstract:BACKGROUND:In 2016, dermatologists in Finland suspected contact allergy in several patients using moisturizers under the trade name Apobase®. Following a formulation change, Phenostat™, which is a mixture of phenoxyethanol, caprylhydroxamic acid, and methylpropanediol, was used as a preservative in Apobase® moisturizer...
journal_title:Contact dermatitis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/cod.12787
更新日期:2017-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Sixty-six patients who had to undergo total hip replacement by means of a metal-to-plastic Stanmore prosthesis, were patch-tested prior to and 6 to 12 months after surgery with the standard ICDRG all allergens series and with acrylic monomer 5% in acetone. In 62 patients the history of metal allergy as well as the pat...
journal_title:Contact dermatitis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1600-0536.1976.tb03044.x
更新日期:1976-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The incidence of contact sensitivity to standard allergens present in the daily environment, such as chromium ion, cobalt, nickel and formaldehyde, is found to decrease in the fourth decade. It strongly suggests the presence of some immunoregulation in human beings, because sensitivity to these allergens should be equ...
journal_title:Contact dermatitis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1600-0536.1979.tb04910.x
更新日期:1979-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::This report reviews how to set up a laser Doppler perfusion imaging system intended for visualization of skin blood perfusion, capture images and evaluate the results obtained. A brief summary of related papers published in the literature within the areas of skin irritant and allergy patch testing, microdialysis and s...
journal_title:Contact dermatitis
pub_type: 指南,杂志文章,实务指引,评审
doi:10.1034/j.1600-0536.2002.460301.x
更新日期:2002-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The aim of our study was to report the frequency of sensitization to hairdressing allergens in a group of patients with contact dermatitis, in whom previous treatments with hair dyes or permanent wave solutions were suspected to be the cause. 49 of 261 hairdressers' clients (18.7%), who were patch tested with the hair...
journal_title:Contact dermatitis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1600-0536.1992.tb00893.x
更新日期:1992-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::In order to explain the complaints of dry skin after work among employees in the fish processing industry, we followed the skin blood flow (SBF), skin surface temperature, transepidermal water loss (TEWL) and electrical capacitance on the volar aspect of the 3rd finger in 10 fillet workers, where measurements were per...
journal_title:Contact dermatitis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1600-0536.1991.tb01767.x
更新日期:1991-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The local lymph node assay (LLNA) is used for assessing sensitizing potential in hazard identification and risk assessment for regulatory purposes. Sensitizing potency on the basis of the LLNA is categorized into extreme (EC3 value of ≤0.2%), strong (>0.2% to ≤2%), and moderate (>2%). To compare the sensitizing potenc...
journal_title:Contact dermatitis
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1111/cod.12683
更新日期:2016-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::We patch tested 141 patients with 0.05% aq. thimerosal and 222 patients with 0.05% aq. mercuric chloride, including 63 children. The frequency of positive patch test reactions to thimerosal was 16.3%. There was a marked preponderance in the young age groups after vaccination, while none of 36 infants (aged 3-48 months...
journal_title:Contact dermatitis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1600-0536.1991.tb01694.x
更新日期:1991-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Common emulsifiers were tested in over 1,200 patients with eczema. Triethanolamine stearate tested at 5% in petrolatum caused irritant reactions in 9.5% of the patients. On the other hand, non-ionic emulsifying agents tested at 10-20% produced irritation in only a few cases. Allergic reactions were found in 2.1% of th...
journal_title:Contact dermatitis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1600-0536.1976.tb03027.x
更新日期:1976-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Disperse Blue 106 is an acknowledged skin-sensitization hazard. However, information about the relative sensitization potency of this chemical is lacking, and to provide this information was the purpose of the investigations described here. The approach taken was to measure dose-response relationships for C.I. Dispers...
journal_title:Contact dermatitis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.0105-1873.2005.00578.x
更新日期:2005-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The introduction of the euro has revived interest in the risk of nickel allergy due to the handling of coins. In the present work, the transfer of metallic contamination during the manipulation of coins is examined by means of leaching experiments and manipulation tests. It is shown that pre-existing metallic species ...
journal_title:Contact dermatitis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1034/j.1600-0536.2003.00028.x
更新日期:2003-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Deodorants are one of the most marketed types of cosmetics and are frequently reported as a cause of dermatitis, particularly among fragrance-sensitive persons. The aim of this study was to investigate the ability of deodorants, which had previously caused axillary dermatitis in fragrance-mix-sensitive eczema patients...
journal_title:Contact dermatitis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1600-0536.1998.tb05887.x
更新日期:1998-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The Nickel Directive will become law in the countries of the European Union in 1996. This directive states that the concentration of nickel in post assemblies (used after ear piercing) may not exceed 0.05%, that products which come into direct and prolonged contact with the skin, e.g. earrings, watchstraps or zippers,...
journal_title:Contact dermatitis
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1111/j.1600-0536.1996.tb02386.x
更新日期:1996-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Chromium-tanned leather articles currently constitute the most important cause of contact allergy to chromium in Denmark. A regulation on the content of hexavalent chromium in leather was adopted in November 2013 by the EU member states. OBJECTIVES:To characterize patients with chromium allergy and their di...
journal_title:Contact dermatitis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/cod.12291
更新日期:2014-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Generalized dermatitis due to trichloroethylene is rare. A 21-year-old printer developed exfoliative dermatitis with mucous membrane involvement, fever and liver dysfunction after a 2-week occupational exposure to trichloroethylene. Positive patch-test reactions to trichloroethylene and to one of its metabolites, tric...
journal_title:Contact dermatitis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1600-0536.1988.tb02867.x
更新日期:1988-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Simultaneous investigation of the bacterial flora of a soluble oil in use as a metalworking fluid and of the skin of machine operatives exposed to that soluble oil did not support the hypothesis that bacteria in soluble oil emulsions colonise the skin and either initiate or maintain the dermatitis associated with solu...
journal_title:Contact dermatitis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1600-0536.1980.tb03873.x
更新日期:1980-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Based on the information of the interdisciplinary task force on allergy diagnostics in the metal branch, in 2001, the German Contact Dermatitis Research Group (DKG) compiled two metalworking fluid (MWF) test series with currently and previously used components, respectively. After 2 years of patch testing, we present ...
journal_title:Contact dermatitis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.0105-1873.2004.00416.x
更新日期:2004-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::A case of contact sensitivity to ethylenediamine dihydrochloride is reported. The clinical and histological features were in keeping with early mycosis fungoides. The eruption cleared with avoidance of the allergen. Continued contact with the allergen was traced to its retention in a trouser pocket lining. The term "l...
journal_title:Contact dermatitis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1600-0536.1982.tb04135.x
更新日期:1982-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Tween 80 is an ethoxylated hydrophilic non-ionic surfactant, which is used for the preparation of oil-in-water emulsions in pharmaceutical products, cosmetics, and industrial detergents. Ethoxylated surfactants are polyethers and are thus easily oxidized by atmospheric oxygen to a variety of hydroperoxides, peroxides ...
journal_title:Contact dermatitis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1600-0536.1997.tb00368.x
更新日期:1997-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Water is a skin irritant which deserves attention because of its ubiquity. During the Vietnam war, soldiers suffered from painful swollen feet, so-called tropical immersion foot. In occupational dermatology, the importance of water as a skin irritant is especially appreciated. The irritancy of water has been demonstra...
journal_title:Contact dermatitis
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1111/j.1600-0536.1999.tb06990.x
更新日期:1999-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::From February 1989 to January 1990, the Swiss Contact Dermatitis Research Group conducted a 1-year study to examine the frequency of sensitization to a series of 13 common preservatives. A group of 2295 consecutive outpatients with suspected allergic contact dermatitis (age range 7-90 years, with a mean age of 42; 911...
journal_title:Contact dermatitis
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究,评审
doi:10.1111/j.1600-0536.1994.tb00597.x
更新日期:1994-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::To critically review currently available methods, or methods under development (in vivo, in vitro, in silico, etc.) used in the evaluation of skin sensitization potential and their applicability in the derivation of quantitative 'safety thresholds'. ...
journal_title:Contact dermatitis
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1111/j.1600-0536.2011.02004_2.x
更新日期:2012-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Patch tests help to confirm the aetiology of the cutaneous adverse drug reactions involving delayed hypersensitivity mechanisms, but the results vary with the pattern of skin reaction and the culprit drug. OBJECTIVES:To analyse the results of patch tests in patients with cutaneous adverse drug reactions imp...
journal_title:Contact dermatitis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1600-0536.2011.01942.x
更新日期:2011-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Photocontact dermatitis to Ficus carica is induced by furocoumarins present in sap. These substances are generally considered to cause phototoxic reactions. OBJECTIVES:We conducted a patch test and histopathological study of patients with phytophoto contact dermatitis from the fig tree to evaluate the mecha...
journal_title:Contact dermatitis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1600-0536.2010.01713.x
更新日期:2010-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::In 1988, 64% of our patients patch test positive to at least 1 allergen of the ICDRG standard series were nickel sensitive. In 70% of 300 patients evaluated, dermatitis started on the earlobes and was related to the regular wearing of cheap earrings. At the same time, 62% of 735 young schoolgirls were found to have de...
journal_title:Contact dermatitis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1600-0536.1989.tb03203.x
更新日期:1989-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The occurrence of occupational contact dermatitis among workers in a rubber factory from 1976 to 1980 was studied. Insurance compensation was paid to 50 workers with dermatitis. 21 of the cases were allergic and 27 toxic contact dermatitis, giving a contact dermatitis frequency of 5.6/1000 workers. Paraphenylenediamin...
journal_title:Contact dermatitis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1600-0536.1982.tb04259.x
更新日期:1982-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Hyperkeratotic hand eczema (HHE) is a typical clinical hand eczema subtype with a largely unknown pathophysiology. OBJECTIVE:To investigate histopathology, expression of keratins (K), epidermal barrier proteins, and adhesion molecules in HHE. METHODS:Palmar skin biopsies (lesional and perilesional) were ob...
journal_title:Contact dermatitis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/cod.13572
更新日期:2020-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::We report the results of patch tests with fragrance-mix as a part of the standard series carried out over the last 10 years (1989-1998) during routine testing of 6129 patients in our department. 5.9% of the total number of patients who were patch tested were positive to fragrance mix. The sex ratio was 2.3:1 with a fe...
journal_title:Contact dermatitis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1034/j.1600-0536.2000.043002107.x
更新日期:2000-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::We describe the use of gas chromatography with mass spectrometry (GC-MS) in the investigation of a case of allergic contact dermatitis of the lip margins caused by a lip liner. Patch testing identified sensitization to para-tertiary-butylphenol-formaldehyde resin (PTBP-FR), a resin glue frequently used in leather work...
journal_title:Contact dermatitis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1600-0536.1993.tb03375.x
更新日期:1993-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Several factors may be responsible for stomatitis in general and the burning mouth syndrome in particular. The results of patch testing are reported in 4 patients with burning mouth symptoms thought to be due to sensitization to denture material. 2 patients reacted to substances in Luxene dentures, but the allergens w...
journal_title:Contact dermatitis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1600-0536.1988.tb02748.x
更新日期:1988-02-01 00:00:00