Medicine as an essentially contested concept.

abstract：:As the law around surgical consent continues to evolve, surgeons and those in training risk being caught red-faced and defenceless. Despite repeated concerns regarding surgical consent being raised by the General Medical Council of the UK, how much is changing on the National Health Service shop floor? This report inv...

journal_title：Journal of medical ethics

authors： Loughran D

更新日期：2015-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Moral principles or the rules of conduct are based in the society. If the purpose of ethics in research is to take into consideration the needs and the rights of the experimental subject, his social milieu must then largely determine the ethical considerations of a projected study. The inability to comprehend such rig...

journal_title：Journal of medical ethics

authors： Ajayi OO

更新日期：1980-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Policy instruments based on the working of markets have been introduced to empower consumers of healthcare. However, it is still not easy to become a critical consumer of healthcare. OBJECTIVES:The aim of this study is to analyse the possibilities of the state to strengthen the position of patients with the...

journal_title：Journal of medical ethics

authors： Grit K,de Bont A

更新日期：2010-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:While an ethical obligation to report findings of clinical research to trial participants is increasingly recognised, the academic debate is often vague about what kinds of data should be fed back and how such a process should be organised. In this article, we present a classification of different actors, processes an...

journal_title：Journal of medical ethics

authors： Kollek R,Petersen I

更新日期：2011-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVES:Potentially life-shortening medical end-of-life practices (end-of-life decisions (ELDs)) remain subject to conceptual vagueness. This study evaluates how physicians label these practices by examining which of their own practices (described according to the precise act, the intention, the presence of an expli...

journal_title：Journal of medical ethics

authors： Deyaert J,Chambaere K,Cohen J,Roelands M,Deliens L

更新日期：2014-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：AIM:To examine the hypothesis that knowledge about physician-assisted suicide (PAS) and euthanasia is associated with a more restrictive attitude towards PAS. DESIGN:A questionnaire about attitudes towards PAS, including prioritization of arguments pro and contra, was sent to Swedish veterinary surgeons. The results w...

journal_title：Journal of medical ethics

authors： Lerner H,Lindblad A,Algers B,Lynöe N

更新日期：2011-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Bioconservative commentators argue that parents should not take steps to modify the genetics of their children even in the name of enhancement because of the damage they predict for values, identities and relationships. Some commentators have even said that adults should not modify themselves through genetic intervent...

journal_title：Journal of medical ethics

authors： Murphy TF

更新日期：2014-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In healthcare, a tension sometimes arises between the injunction to do as much good as possible with scarce resources and the injunction to rescue identifiable individuals in immediate peril, regardless of cost (the "Rule of Rescue"). This tension can generate serious ethical and political difficulties for public poli...

journal_title：Journal of medical ethics

authors： Cookson R,McCabe C,Tsuchiya A

更新日期：2008-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：INTRODUCTION:Future HIV vaccine efficacy trials with adolescents will need to ensure that participants comprehend study concepts in order to confer true informed assent. A Hepatitis B vaccine trial with adolescents offers valuable opportunity to test youth understanding of vaccine trial requirements in general. METHOD...

journal_title：Journal of medical ethics

authors： Lee S,Kapogiannis BG,Flynn PM,Rudy BJ,Bethel J,Ahmad S,Tucker D,Abdalian SE,Hoffman D,Wilson CM,Cunningham CK,Adolescent Medicine Trials Network for HIV\/AIDS Interventions.

更新日期：2013-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Reflecting on the contribution by Rahul Kumar to the symposium, I consider the following topics in relation to risks in research: (1) treating someone as a mere means; (2) aggregation; (3) different conceptions of contractualism; (4) uncertainty; (5) paternalism and complicity. ...

journal_title：Journal of medical ethics

authors： Kamm FM

更新日期：2017-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:To report results from a national survey of coordinators and managers of clinical research studies in the US on their perceptions of and experiences with scientific misconduct. METHODS:Data were collected using the Scientific Misconduct Questionnaire-Revised. Eligible responses were received from 1645 of 530...

journal_title：Journal of medical ethics

authors： Pryor ER,Habermann B,Broome ME

更新日期：2007-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Best interests decision-making and end-of-life care for patients in permanent vegetative or minimally conscious states (VS/MCS) is a complex area of clinical and legal practice, which is poorly understood by most clinicians, lawyers and members of the public. In recent weeks, the Oxford Shrieval lecture by Mr Justice ...

journal_title：Journal of medical ethics

authors： Turner-Stokes L

更新日期：2017-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In an influential essay entitled Why abortion is wrong, Donald Marquis argues that killing actual persons is wrong because it unjustly deprives victims of their future; that the fetus has a future similar in morally relevant respects to the future lost by competent adult homicide victims, and that, as consequence, abo...

journal_title：Journal of medical ethics

authors： Brown MT

更新日期：2000-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In this paper, I respond to criticisms by John Harris, contained in a commentary on my article "Harris, harmed states, and sexed bodies", which appeared in the Journal of Medical Ethics, volume 37, number 5. I argue that Harris's response to my criticisms exposes the strong eugenic tendencies in his own thought, when ...

journal_title：Journal of medical ethics

authors： Sparrow R

更新日期：2012-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A patient is described, a woman of 60, who at that age was diagnosed as having Huntington's chorea, a genetic disease which is transmitted as an autosomal dominant. She had one daughter, who was married and lived abroad. The patient's mother and maternal aunt, it emerged during the consultations, had had the disease, ...

journal_title：Journal of medical ethics

authors：

更新日期：1976-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Antimicrobial therapy is a cornerstone of therapy in critically ill patients; however, the wide use of antibiotics has resulted in increased antimicrobial resistance and outbreaks of resistant disease. To counter this, many hospitals have instituted antimicrobial stewardship programmes as a way to reduce the inappropr...

journal_title：Journal of medical ethics

authors： Oczkowski S

更新日期：2017-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A recurrent issue in the vast amount of literature on reasoning models in ethics is the role and nature of moral intuitions. In this paper, we start from the view that people who work and live in a certain moral practice usually possess specific moral wisdom. If we manage to incorporate their moral intuitions in ethic...

journal_title：Journal of medical ethics

authors： van Thiel GJ,van Delden JJ

更新日期：2009-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The ethics of the Flexibility In duty hour Requirements for Surgical Trainees (FIRST) trial have been vehemently debated. Views on the ethics of the FIRST trial range from it being completely unethical to wholly unproblematic. The FIRST trial illustrates the complex ethical challenges posed by cluster randomised trial...

journal_title：Journal of medical ethics

authors： Horn AR,Weijer C,Hey SP,Brehaut J,Fergusson DA,Goldstein CE,Grimshaw J,Taljaard M

更新日期：2018-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The revised Declaration of Helsinki allows placebo-controlled trials to be used even when there is an established therapy, provided there are adequate 'methodological' reasons for doing so. This seems to violate the principle of beneficence: where there is an established therapy, physicians treating patients with a pl...

journal_title：Journal of medical ethics

authors： Batra S,Howick J

更新日期：2017-08-09 00:00:00

abstract：:Following the influential Gifford and Reith lectures by Onora O'Neill, this paper explores further the paradigm of individual autonomy which has been so dominant in bioethics until recently and concurs that it is an aberrant application and that conceptions of individual autonomy cannot provide a sufficient and convin...

journal_title：Journal of medical ethics

authors： Stirrat GM,Gill R

更新日期：2005-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Elaborating on the concept of confidentiality of medical records and interdisciplinary communication discussed in earlier articles by D.J. Kenny and Derek F.H. Pheby, the author expresses concern about written communications to professional colleagues and verbal revelations to colleagues or to persons outside the ther...

journal_title：Journal of medical ethics

authors： Green M

更新日期：1982-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Judges face difficult choices when the birth and genetic mothers of a child are separate people who dispute maternal access; the views of the general population may help them. Fifty women were asked whether, if they were infertile and could have only one child, they would prefer to be birth mothers (to carry a baby wh...

journal_title：Journal of medical ethics

authors： Thornton JG,McNamara HM,Montague IA

更新日期：1994-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The death toll from tobacco is staggering: it might contribute to one billion premature deaths over the course of the 21st century. In 'The case for banning cigarettes', Kalle Grill and Kristin Voigt argue that the well-being and equality benefits of a complete ban on cigarettes more than justify the restrictions on a...

journal_title：Journal of medical ethics

authors： Doucet M

更新日期：2017-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:I explain the notion of contributory injustice, a kind of epistemic injustice, and argue that it occurs within psychiatric services, affecting (at least) those who hear voices. I argue that individual effort on the part of clinicians to avoid perpetrating this injustice is an insufficient response to the problem; miti...

journal_title：Journal of medical ethics

authors： Miller Tate AJ

更新日期：2019-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVES:To explore British community pharmacists' views on PAS, including professional responsibility, personal beliefs, changes in law and ethical guidance. DESIGN:Postal questionnaire. SETTING:Great Britain. SUBJECTS:A random sample of 320 registered full-time community pharmacists. RESULTS:The survey yielded ...

journal_title：Journal of medical ethics

authors： Hanlon TR,Weiss MC,Rees J

更新日期：2000-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In this paper, I explore the ethics of subject selection in the context of biomedical research. I reject a key principle of what I shall refer to as the standard view According to this principle, investigators should select participants so as to minimise aggregate risk to participants and maximise aggregate benefits t...

journal_title：Journal of medical ethics

authors： MacKay D

更新日期：2016-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVES:To study the attitudes of both medical and non-medical students towards the do-not-resuscitate (DNR) decision in a university in Hong Kong, and the factors affecting their attitudes. METHODS:A questionnaire-based survey conducted in the campus of a university in Hong Kong. Preferences and priorities of part...

journal_title：Journal of medical ethics

authors： Sham CO,Cheng YW,Ho KW,Lai PH,Lo LW,Wan HL,Wong CY,Yeung YN,Yuen SH,Wong AY

更新日期：2007-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Genetic parenthood is usually portrayed as a value-neutral concept that can be confirmed or rejected based on objective, scientific tests. However, on inspection, it is exposed as a very complex idea that we might need to consider as something that comes in different shapes and forms and that is open to interpretation...

journal_title：Journal of medical ethics

authors： Mertes H

更新日期：2014-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Medical student and resident participation in global health experiences (GHEs) has significantly increased over the last decade. In response to growing student interest and the proven impact of such experiences on the education and career decisions of resident physicians, many medical schools have begun to establish p...

journal_title：Journal of medical ethics

authors： Shah S,Wu T

更新日期：2008-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Over the decades of experimentation on the placebo effect, it has become clear that it is driven largely by expectation, and that strong expectations of efficacy are more likely to give rise to the experience of benefit. No wonder the placebo effect has come to resemble a self-fulfilling prophecy. However, this resemb...

journal_title：Journal of medical ethics

authors： Justman S

更新日期：2013-04-01 00:00:00