Taboos and clinical research in West Africa.

abstract：:The increasing availability of DNA-based diagnostic tests has raised issues about whether these should be applied to the population at large in order to identify, treat or prevent a range of diseases. DNA tests raise concerns in the community for several reasons. There is the possibility of stigmatisation and discrimi...

journal_title：Journal of medical ethics

authors： Allen K,Williamson R

更新日期：1999-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We analyse the system of ethical review of human research in the Baltic States by introducing the principle of equivalent stringency of ethical review, that is, research projects imposing equal risks and inconveniences on research participants should be subjected to equally stringent review procedures. We examine seve...

journal_title：Journal of medical ethics

authors： Gefenas E,Dranseika V,Cekanauskaite A,Hug K,Mezinska S,Peicius E,Silis V,Soosaar A,Strosberg M

更新日期：2010-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Euthanasia and physician-assisted suicide (PAS) by request and/or based on an advance directive are legal in The Netherlands under strict conditions, thus providing options for patients with Huntington's disease (HD) and other neurodegenerative diseases to stay in control and choose their end of life. HD is an inherit...

journal_title：Journal of medical ethics

authors： Booij SJ,Engberts DP,Rödig V,Tibben A,Roos RA

更新日期：2013-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Translational research is now a critically important current in academic medicine. Researchers in all health-related fields are being encouraged not only to demonstrate the potential benefits of their research but also to help identify the steps through which their research might be 'made practical'. This paper consid...

journal_title：Journal of medical ethics

authors： Cribb A

更新日期：2010-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The editorial in the September 1982 issue of this journal and many articles before and since have addressed the problem of informed consent. Is it possible? Is it a useful concept? Is there anything new to be said about it? In this article the basic rationale of the rule (patient autonomy) is explained and the extent ...

journal_title：Journal of medical ethics

authors： Kirby MD

更新日期：1983-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Following the influential Gifford and Reith lectures by Onora O'Neill, this paper explores further the paradigm of individual autonomy which has been so dominant in bioethics until recently and concurs that it is an aberrant application and that conceptions of individual autonomy cannot provide a sufficient and convin...

journal_title：Journal of medical ethics

authors： Stirrat GM,Gill R

更新日期：2005-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This article reports on moral problems that were raised by medical students as the basis for an ethical case-conference in an obstetrics and gynaecology clerkship. After introducing the issue of teaching clinical ethics, the method of our case-conference is explained. Next, the variety of topics and related moral prob...

journal_title：Journal of medical ethics

authors： Olthuis G,Dukel L

更新日期：2008-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This essay seeks to characterise the essential features of an equitable health care system in terms of the classical Aristotelian concepts of horizontal and vertical equity, the common (but ill-defined) language of "need" and the economic notion of cost-effectiveness as a prelude to identifying some of the more import...

journal_title：Journal of medical ethics

authors： Culyer AJ

更新日期：2001-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The recent essay by Schuklenk and Smalling opposing respect for physicians' conscientious objections to providing patients with medical services that are legally permitted in liberal democracies is based on several erroneous assumptions. Acting in this manner would have serious harmful effects on the ethos of medicine...

journal_title：Journal of medical ethics

authors： Glick SM,Jotkowitz A

更新日期：2017-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In an influential essay entitled Why abortion is wrong, Donald Marquis argues that killing actual persons is wrong because it unjustly deprives victims of their future; that the fetus has a future similar in morally relevant respects to the future lost by competent adult homicide victims, and that, as consequence, abo...

journal_title：Journal of medical ethics

authors： Brown MT

更新日期：2000-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：CONTEXT:The need to reinvigorate medical confidentiality protections is recognised as an important objective in building patient trust necessary for successful health outcomes. Little is known about patient understanding and expectations from medical confidentiality. OBJECTIVE:To identify and describe patient views of...

journal_title：Journal of medical ethics

authors： Jenkins G,Merz JF,Sankar P

更新日期：2005-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A fetus may survive an intentional interference with its intrauterine environment (1) if gestational age is mistaken and the procedure of induced abortion does not kill the fetus, (2) if a change of heart takes place after abortifacient drugs are taken and the abortion does not proceed, and (3) if a high-multiple preg...

journal_title：Journal of medical ethics

authors： Jansen RP

更新日期：1990-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Too many people now have access to confidential medical information. Patients are becoming justifiably wary and the doctor-patient relationship is deteriorating. We can avert the developing crisis by allowing patients to keep their own medical records at home. This will ensure that confidentiality is respected and tha...

journal_title：Journal of medical ethics

authors： Coleman V

更新日期：1984-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:On 9 May 2005, the Israeli Ministry of Health issued guidelines spelling out the conditions under which sex selection by preimplantation genetic diagnosis (PGD) for social purposes is to be permitted in Israel. This article first reviews the available medical methods for sex selection, the preference for children of a...

journal_title：Journal of medical ethics

authors： Landau R

更新日期：2008-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Financial conflict of interest in clinical research is an area of active debate. While data exist on the perspectives and roles of academic institutions, investigators, industry sponsors, and scientific journals, little is known about the perspectives of potential research participants. METHODS:The authors ...

journal_title：Journal of medical ethics

authors： Kim SY,Millard RW,Nisbet P,Cox C,Caine ED

更新日期：2004-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The practice of covertly administering medication is controversial. Although condemned by some as overly paternalistic, others have suggested that it may be acceptable if patients have permanent mental incapacity and refuse needed treatment. Ethical, legal, and clinical considerations become more complex when the ment...

journal_title：Journal of medical ethics

authors： Wong JG,Poon Y,Hui EC

更新日期：2005-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Artificial intelligence (AI) is expected to revolutionise the practice of medicine. Recent advancements in the field of deep learning have demonstrated success in variety of clinical tasks: detecting diabetic retinopathy from images, predicting hospital readmissions, aiding in the discovery of new drugs, etc. AI's pro...

journal_title：Journal of medical ethics

authors： Hatherley JJ

更新日期：2020-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Eduard Seidler sets his discussion of the teaching of medical ethics in the Federal Republic of Germany against an historical background. Immediately after the Second World War the freshness of the memory of the 'Nuremberg Medical Trials' influenced the way in which moral dilemmas were treated in Germany. At the prese...

journal_title：Journal of medical ethics

authors： Seidler E

更新日期：1979-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Dr. Bernstein suggests that anti-vivisectionists should be able to fill in a directive requesting that they receive no medical treatment developed through work on animals. It is replied that this would only be reasonable if research not using animals had long been funded as adequately and its results were currently av...

journal_title：Journal of medical ethics

authors： Sprigge T

更新日期：1996-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:There are various ways in which medicine and literature interact, but this paper concentrates on the contribution which literature can make to 'whole person understanding'. Scientific understanding is concerned with seeing events and actions in terms of patterns or similarities. But 'whole person understanding' is con...

journal_title：Journal of medical ethics

authors： Downie RS

更新日期：1991-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The 'right to the truth' involves disclosing all the pertinent facts to a patient so that an informed decision can be made. However, this concept of a 'right to the truth' entails certain ambiguities, especially since it is difficult to apply the concept in medical practice based mainly on current evidence-based data ...

journal_title：Journal of medical ethics

authors： Richard C,Lajeunesse Y,Lussier MT

更新日期：2010-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Humanitarian crises and emergencies, events often marked by high mortality, have until recently excluded palliative care-a specialty focusing on supporting people with serious or terminal illness or those nearing death. In the COVID-19 pandemic, palliative care has received unprecedented levels of societal a...

journal_title：Journal of medical ethics

authors： Wynne KJ,Petrova M,Coghlan R

更新日期：2020-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This paper develops themes addressed in an article by Eric Wiland in the Journal of Medical Ethics 2000;26:466-8, where he aims to contribute to the debate concerning the moral status of abortion, and to emphasise the importance of analogies in moral argument. In the present paper I try to secure more firmly a novel u...

journal_title：Journal of medical ethics

authors： Smith B

更新日期：2002-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:"Terminal sedation" refers to the use of sedation as palliation in dying patients with a terminal diagnosis. Although terminal sedation has received widespread legal and ethical justification, the practice remains ethically contentious, particularly as some hold that it foreseeably hastens death. It has been proposed ...

journal_title：Journal of medical ethics

authors： Cellarius V

更新日期：2008-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The complex of cultural, political and societal affiliations, both in a historic and a contemporary perspective, is expressed by a special term in the Nordic languages, 'faellesskab', often with the addition of 'folkelig', as 'folkeligt faellesskab', where 'folkelig' means of the people. No corresponding term exists i...

journal_title：Journal of medical ethics

authors： Riis P

更新日期：1991-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:Informed consent and protection of patient confidentiality are central to the conduction of clinical research. Consent for chart review and contact (CCRC) allows a patient chart to be screened for research by persons outside the direct circle-of-care and for the patient to be contacted regarding potential stu...

journal_title：Journal of medical ethics

authors： Druce I,Ooi TC,McGuire D,Sorisky A,Malcolm J

更新日期：2015-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVES:A statute enacted in 2005 modified the legislative framework of the rights of terminally ill persons in France. Ten years after the EURONIC study, which described the self-reported practices of neonatal caregivers towards ethical decision-making, a new study was conducted to assess the impact of the new law ...

journal_title：Journal of medical ethics

authors： Garel M,Caeymaex L,Goffinet F,Cuttini M,Kaminski M

更新日期：2011-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Dual-track assessment directs research ethics committees (RECs) to assess the risks of research interventions based on the unclear distinction between therapeutic and non-therapeutic interventions. The net risks test, in contrast, relies on the clinically familiar method of assessing the risks and benefits of interven...

journal_title：Journal of medical ethics

authors： Wendler D,Miller FG

更新日期：2007-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Literary accounts of traumatic events can be more informative and insightful than personal testimonials. In particular, reference to works of literature can give us a more vivid sense of what it is like to receive a devastating diagnosis. In turn this can lead us to question some common assumptions about the nature of...

journal_title：Journal of medical ethics

authors： Spriggs M

更新日期：1998-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Ethics committees now require that individuals give informed consent to much health services research, in the same way as for clinical research. This is misguided. Existing ethical guidelines do not help us decide how to seek consent in these cases, and have allowed managerial experimentation to remain largely uncheck...

journal_title：Journal of medical ethics

authors： Cassell J,Young A

更新日期：2002-10-01 00:00:00