Direct observation of protonation reactions during the catalytic cycle of cytochrome c oxidase.

abstract：:During Drosophila development, nuclear and cell divisions are coordinated in response to developmental signals. In yeast and mammalian cells, signals that control cell division regulate the activity of cyclin-dependent kinases (Cdks) through proteins such as cyclins that interact with the Cdks. Here we describe two Dr...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Finley RL Jr,Thomas BJ,Zipursky SL,Brent R

更新日期：1996-04-02 00:00:00

abstract：:In many species that form pair bonds, males display to their mate after pair formation. These displays elevate the female's investment into the brood. This is a form of cooperation because without the display, female investment is reduced to levels that are suboptimal for both sexes. The presence of such displays is p...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Servedio MR,Powers JM,Lande R,Price TD

更新日期：2019-11-12 00:00:00

abstract：:Transcription is an intrinsically dynamic process and requires the coordinated interplay of RNA polymerases (RNAPs) with nucleic acids and transcription factors. Classical structural biology techniques have revealed detailed snapshots of a subset of conformational states of the RNAP as they exist in crystals. A detail...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Schulz S,Gietl A,Smollett K,Tinnefeld P,Werner F,Grohmann D

更新日期：2016-03-29 00:00:00

abstract：:Rett syndrome (RTT) is a neurodevelopmental disorder caused by mutations in the gene encoding MeCP2. By binding to methylated CpG dinucleotide promoter regions, MeCP2 acts as a transcriptional repressor, predicting that its absence might result in widespread aberrant gene transcription, leading to the RTT phenotype. C...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Matarazzo V,Ronnett GV

更新日期：2004-05-18 00:00:00

abstract：:Normal monkeys and monkeys with lesions of the hippocampal formation and adjacent cortex (the H+ lesion) were trained on the delayed nonmatching to sample (DNMS) task with a delay of 0.5 s between the sample and the choice. The animals with H+ lesions learned the task normally at this short delay and also exhibited th...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Alvarez P,Zola-Morgan S,Squire LR

更新日期：1994-06-07 00:00:00

abstract：:Proactive policing, the strategic targeting of people or places to prevent crimes, is a well-studied tactic that is ubiquitous in modern law enforcement. A 2017 National Academies of Sciences report reviewed existing literature, entrenched in deterrence theory, and found evidence that proactive policing strategies can...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Del Toro J,Lloyd T,Buchanan KS,Robins SJ,Bencharit LZ,Smiedt MG,Reddy KS,Pouget ER,Kerrison EM,Goff PA

更新日期：2019-04-23 00:00:00

abstract：:The zinc finger motif, exemplified by a segment of the Drosophila gap gene Krüppel, is a nucleic acid-binding domain present in many transcription factors. To investigate the gene family encoding this motif in the human genome, a placental genomic library was screened at moderate stringency with a degenerate oligodeox...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Bray P,Lichter P,Thiesen HJ,Ward DC,Dawid IB

更新日期：1991-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Animals capable of regenerating multiple tissue types, organs, and appendages after injury are common yet sporadic and include some sponge, hydra, planarian, and salamander (i.e., newt and axolotl) species, but notably such regenerative capacity is rare in mammals. The adult MRL mouse strain is a rare exception to the...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Bedelbaeva K,Snyder A,Gourevitch D,Clark L,Zhang XM,Leferovich J,Cheverud JM,Lieberman P,Heber-Katz E

更新日期：2010-03-30 00:00:00

abstract：:A near-full-length casbene synthase cDNA clone, pCS7, was isolated by using a partial cDNA clone, pCS4, to probe a lambda gt10 library constructed from poly(A)+ RNA from elicited castor bean seedlings. The cDNA insert had a length of 1983 bases with a polyadenylate tail of 19 bases. Translation of the cDNA sequence re...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Mau CJ,West CA

更新日期：1994-08-30 00:00:00

abstract：:Using a water-based prebiotic model of sugar synthesis involving glycolaldehyde self-condensation, we demonstrate that homochiral L-dipeptide catalysts lead to the stereospecific syntheses of tetroses. The asymmetric effect is largest for erythrose, which may reach a D-enantiomeric excess of >80% with L-Val-L-Val cata...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Weber AL,Pizzarello S

更新日期：2006-08-22 00:00:00

abstract：:Mammalian CLC proteins function as Cl(-) channels or as electrogenic Cl(-)/H(+) exchangers and are present in the plasma membrane and intracellular vesicles. We now show that the ClC-6 protein is almost exclusively expressed in neurons of the central and peripheral nervous systems, with a particularly high expression ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Poët M,Kornak U,Schweizer M,Zdebik AA,Scheel O,Hoelter S,Wurst W,Schmitt A,Fuhrmann JC,Planells-Cases R,Mole SE,Hübner CA,Jentsch TJ

更新日期：2006-09-12 00:00:00

abstract：:Persistent organic pollutants (POPs) have been associated with a wide range of adverse health effects. Our case-control study was performed to explore the association between placental levels of selected POPs and risks for neural tube defects (NTDs) in a Chinese population with a high prevalence of NTDs. Cases include...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Ren A,Qiu X,Jin L,Ma J,Li Z,Zhang L,Zhu H,Finnell RH,Zhu T

更新日期：2011-08-02 00:00:00

abstract：:Superoxide dismutase from chicken-liver mitochondria (manganese enzyme) and the two dismutases from Escherichia coli (manganese and iron enzymes) were analyzed through 29 cycles of automated Edman degradations. The high degree of homology among the amino-terminal sequences of these three dismutases corroborates their ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Steinman HM,Hill RL

更新日期：1973-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Production of amyloid-beta protein (Abeta) is initiated by a beta-secretase that cleaves the Abeta precursor protein (APP) at the N terminus of Abeta (the beta site). A recently identified aspartyl protease, BACE, cleaves the beta site and at residue 11 within the Abeta region of APP. Here we show that BACE2, a BACE h...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Farzan M,Schnitzler CE,Vasilieva N,Leung D,Choe H

更新日期：2000-08-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Mutualisms between fungi and fungus-growing animals are model systems for studying coevolution and complex interactions between species. Fungal growing behavior has enabled cultivating animals to rise to major ecological importance, but evolution of farming symbioses is thought to be restricted to three terrestrial in...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Silliman BR,Newell SY

更新日期：2003-12-23 00:00:00

abstract：:A mechanistic understanding of the controls on carbon storage and losses is essential for our capacity to predict and mitigate human impacts on the global carbon cycle. Plant litter decomposition is an important first step for carbon and nutrient turnover, and litter inputs and losses are essential in determining soil...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Austin AT,Méndez MS,Ballaré CL

更新日期：2016-04-19 00:00:00

abstract：:Analysis of the nucleotide and deduced amino acid sequences of the biologically active mouse mdr1 cDNA clone indicates that the protein is formed by two highly homologous halves, each containing six putative transmembrane domains and a nucleotide-binding site. The duplicated unit shows high sequence homology to the pr...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Raymond M,Gros P

更新日期：1989-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In a subclone derived from mouse L(tk-) cells, we found a plasmid present in a high copy number (greater than 5000 copies per cell) that was stably maintained extrachromosomally without any cytopathic effect to the host cells. This plasmid, termed L factor, has two forms: 5.3 and 5.5 kilobase pairs. DNA sequencing and...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Kusano T,Uehara H,Saito H,Segawa K,Oishi M

更新日期：1987-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Overexpression of the Gossypium hirsutum sucrose synthase (SuSy) gene under the control of 2 promoters was examined in hybrid poplar (Populus alba x grandidentata). Analysis of RNA transcript abundance, enzyme activity, cell wall composition, and soluble carbohydrates revealed significant changes in the transgenic lin...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Coleman HD,Yan J,Mansfield SD

更新日期：2009-08-04 00:00:00

abstract：:Before the origin of simple cellular life, the building blocks of RNA (nucleotides) had to form and polymerize in favorable environments on early Earth. At this time, meteorites and interplanetary dust particles delivered organics such as nucleobases (the characteristic molecules of nucleotides) to warm little ponds w...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Pearce BKD,Pudritz RE,Semenov DA,Henning TK

更新日期：2017-10-24 00:00:00

abstract：:Norharman enhanced the known mutagenicity of 2-acetylaminofluorene derivatives in the Salmonella test system. The mutagenicities of 2-acetylaminofluorene, 2-aminofluorene, and N-hydroxy-2-acetylaminofluorene were enhanced by norharman only when rat liver microsomal enzymes were added, whereas the mutagenicity of N-ace...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Umezawa K,Shirai A,Matsushima T,Sugimura T

更新日期：1978-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We have characterized seven murine retinoic acid receptor gamma cDNA isoforms (mRAR-gamma 1 to -gamma 7) generated by alternative splicing of at least seven exons. These isoforms differ from one another in their 5' untranslated region and in two cases (mRAR-gamma 1 and -gamma 2) differ in their N-terminal A region, wh...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Kastner P,Krust A,Mendelsohn C,Garnier JM,Zelent A,Leroy P,Staub A,Chambon P

更新日期：1990-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Mutations are a hallmark of cancer. Normal cells minimize spontaneous mutations through the combined actions of polymerase base selectivity, 3' --> 5' exonucleolytic proofreading, mismatch correction, and DNA damage repair. To determine the consequences of defective proofreading in mammals, we created mice with a poin...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Goldsby RE,Hays LE,Chen X,Olmsted EA,Slayton WB,Spangrude GJ,Preston BD

更新日期：2002-11-26 00:00:00

abstract：:Signals propagated by receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) can drive cell migration and proliferation, two cellular processes that do not occur simultaneously--a phenomenon called "migration-proliferation dichotomy." We previously showed that epidermal growth factor (EGF) signaling is skewed to favor migration over prolif...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Bhandari D,Lopez-Sanchez I,To A,Lo IC,Aznar N,Leyme A,Gupta V,Niesman I,Maddox AL,Garcia-Marcos M,Farquhar MG,Ghosh P

更新日期：2015-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:During cellular stresses, phosphorylation of eukaryotic initiation factor-2 (eIF2) elicits gene expression designed to ameliorate the underlying cellular disturbance. Central to this stress response is the transcriptional regulator activating transcription factor, ATF4. Here we describe the mechanism regulating ATF4 e...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Vattem KM,Wek RC

更新日期：2004-08-03 00:00:00

abstract：:Abelson murine leukemia virus (A-MuLV) is derived from the thymotropic Moloney leukemia virus. However, injection of mice with A-MuLV by conventional routes results in rapidly arising peripheral and bone marrow lymphomas, not thymomas or T cell tumors. In this study thymomas have been induced by intrathymic injection ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Cook WD

更新日期：1982-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The bactericidal effects of antibiotics are undoubtedly triggered by target-specific interactions, but there is growing evidence that an important aspect of cytotoxicity results from treatment-induced metabolic perturbations. In this study, we characterized molecular mechanisms whereby trimethoprim treatment results i...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Giroux X,Su WL,Bredeche MF,Matic I

更新日期：2017-10-24 00:00:00

abstract：:Using a proteomics screen, we have identified the methyltransferase G9a as an interacting partner of the hematopoietic activator NF-E2. We show that G9a is recruited to the beta-globin locus in a NF-E2-dependent manner and spreads over the entire locus. While G9a is often regarded as a corepressor, knocking down this ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Chaturvedi CP,Hosey AM,Palii C,Perez-Iratxeta C,Nakatani Y,Ranish JA,Dilworth FJ,Brand M

更新日期：2009-10-27 00:00:00

abstract：:Double-stranded oligodeoxynucleotides that represent protein binding sites in the regulatory regions of the mouse genes encoding transthyretin (TTR) and alpha 1-antitrypsin (alpha 1-AT) bound a nuclear protein factor(s) found mainly in hepatocytes. A site in the regulatory region of the gene encoding rat serum albumin...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Costa RH,Grayson DR,Xanthopoulos KG,Darnell JE Jr

更新日期：1988-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Although an inverse relationship is expected in ancient DNA samples between the number of surviving DNA fragments and their length, ancient DNA sequencing libraries are strikingly deficient in molecules shorter than 40 bp. We find that a loss of short molecules can occur during DNA extraction and present an improved s...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Dabney J,Knapp M,Glocke I,Gansauge MT,Weihmann A,Nickel B,Valdiosera C,García N,Pääbo S,Arsuaga JL,Meyer M

更新日期：2013-09-24 00:00:00