Abstract：
:The moral dilemmas faced by surgeons worldwide who treat patients infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) can be viewed against the background of experience in sub-Saharan countries, where the community prevalence is in excess of 25% (90% of hospital inpatients). When seeking consent for an HIV test before surgery, frank communication regarding the surgeons' perspective of risks to themselves and the patient is helpful. When consent for a test must be obtained from a substitute decision-maker, the surgeon should consider if the patient would want the decision-maker to know the result. Understanding the natural history of HIV in the surgical setting can help deal with the uncertainties encountered and should be a research priority for developing countries. International professional organizations are useful platforms for the exchange of ideas when surgeons encounter uncertainty by increasing access to journals and creating opportunities for discussion. Although supervisory bodies in some parts of the world prevent HIV-infected surgeons from putting patients at risk by offering surgery, the withdrawal of their services in developing countries can cause more harm than good. Surgeons in that position may be entitled to offer surgery but only with full disclosure of the risk of HIV infection to the patient. The decision-making process known as "accountability for reasonableness" allows surgeons to determine fairness, legitimacy, and acceptability when making resource allocation decisions involving patients with HIV.
journal_name
World J Surgjournal_title
World journal of surgeryauthors
Mielke J,Kalangu KKdoi
10.1007/s00268-003-7101-xkeywords:
subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2003-08-01 00:00:00pages
967-71; discussion 971issue
8eissn
0364-2313issn
1432-2323journal_volume
27pub_type
杂志文章abstract：BACKGROUND:This study assessed the APACHE II (Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II), SAPS II (Simplified Acute Physiology Score-II), POSSUM (Physiologic and Operative Severity Score for Enumeration of Morbidity and Mortality), and P-POSSUM (Portsmouth-POSSUM) in patients with colorectal cancer undergoing c...
journal_title：World journal of surgery
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00268-007-9321-y
更新日期：2008-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Accurate presurgical assessment is important to anticipate postoperative complications, especially in the growing proportion of elderly cancer patients. We designed a study to define which comorbid conditions at the time of diagnosis predict complications after surgery for colorectal cancer. PATIENTS:A rand...
journal_title：World journal of surgery
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00268-005-0711-8
更新日期：2007-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) is a common endocrine disorder that predominantly affects patients >60 and is increasing in prevalence. Identifying risk factors for poor outcomes after parathyroidectomy in older adults will help tailor operative decision making. The impact of frailty on surgical outcomes ...
journal_title：World journal of surgery
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00268-018-4629-3
更新日期：2018-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Treacher Collins Syndrome is a rare bilateral congenital deformity occurring in 1 in 10,000 births. It is also known, in the European literature, as Franceschetti Syndrome, and is additionally known as mandibulofacial dysostosis. It is a syndrome with a very wide spectrum of manifestations characterized by distortions...
journal_title：World journal of surgery
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF01660753
更新日期：1989-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Neuroendocrine neoplasia (NEN) with unknown primary site (NEN-CUP tumors) may have a poor prognosis. We evaluated the clinical presentation, therapy, outcome, and risk factors for adverse outcomes in patients who had these tumors. METHODS:In 243 patients who had NEN, a retrospective review was performed in ...
journal_title：World journal of surgery
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00268-015-2963-2
更新日期：2015-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Surgical care is not uniformly available worldwide. Inequities in surgical care and access may also vary within countries, and the present study aimed to explore these disparities in Pakistan. METHODS:The National Health Survey of Pakistan was analyzed. The proportion of people with a history of abdominal s...
journal_title：World journal of surgery
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00268-012-1732-8
更新日期：2013-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The lack of sufficient suitable human donor lungs for the many patients requiring pulmonary transplantation as life-saving therapy for end-stage lung diseases has generated extensive interest in cross-species lung transplantation. Ethical concerns and those of animal rights advocates have prompted studies of nonprimat...
journal_title：World journal of surgery
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s002689900332
更新日期：1997-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Self-expanding metallic stents (SEMS) have been used as a bridge to surgery in patients with obstruction by colorectal cancer, but the oncologic safety of this technique has not yet been established. The aim of the present study was to compare the outcomes of bridge to surgery after SEMS insertion and nonobs...
journal_title：World journal of surgery
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00268-009-0007-5
更新日期：2009-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Genital manifestations of lymphatic filariasis (genital LF) are a significant cause of disfigurement and disability in the developing world. Surgery is the standard treatment; however, definitive publications are lacking and best practice remains unclear. An exhaustive search strategy using keyword and subject heading...
journal_title：World journal of surgery
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s00268-015-3220-4
更新日期：2015-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This paper investigates methodological limitations of the volume-outcome relationship. A brief overview of quality measurement is followed by a discussion of two important aspects of the relationship. ...
journal_title：World journal of surgery
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s00268-005-7993-8
更新日期：2005-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Small intestinal neuroendocrine neoplasms (SI-NEN) are rare, and only about 40% of patients are diagnosed without distant metastases. Aim of the study was to identify prognostic factors in patients with potentially curative resected locoregional SI-NEN. METHODS:Patients with curative resected locoregional S...
journal_title：World journal of surgery
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00268-020-05884-6
更新日期：2021-01-08 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Adenocarcinoma of the small bowel is relatively less common than malignancies of the esophagus, stomach, and colorectum. In small bowel adenocarcinoma, various prognostic factors influence the disease-free status and overall survival rates. MATERIALS AND METHODS:Eighty patients who were diagnosed with small...
journal_title：World journal of surgery
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00268-005-7898-6
更新日期：2006-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：INTRODUCTION:The decision to perform a relaparotomy in patients with secondary peritonitis is based on "clinical judgment" with inherent variability among surgeons. Our objective was to review the literature on prognostic variables for ongoing abdominal infection. Predictive variables for positive findings at relaparot...
journal_title：World journal of surgery
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s00268-005-0333-1
更新日期：2006-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Scarce data are available on the characteristics of postoperative organ failure (POF) and mortality after gastrectomy. We aimed to describe the causes of organ failure and mortality related to gastrectomy for gastric cancer and to identify patients with POF who are at a risk of failure to rescue (FTR). METH...
journal_title：World journal of surgery
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00268-020-05382-9
更新日期：2020-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Approximately half of trauma patients develop post-traumatic depression. It is suggested that beta-blockade impairs trauma memory recollection, reducing depressive symptoms. This study investigates the effect of early beta-blockade on depression following severe traumatic injuries in patients without signifi...
journal_title：World journal of surgery
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00268-017-3935-5
更新日期：2017-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Fourteen patients with liver tumor malignancy and sixteen patients with malignant melanoma localized to one limb were studied regarding leukocyte activation with the release of polymorphonuclear neutrophilic (PMN) elastase and of neopterin and formation of cytokines (TNF-alpha and IL-6) during the surgical treatment. ...
journal_title：World journal of surgery
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00299787
更新日期：1995-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Inflammation is integral to the pathogenesis of abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA). This study examines preoperative biomarkers of systemic inflammation in patients undergoing open repair of intact and ruptured AAA. METHODS:One-hundred twelve patients were entered into a prospective observational study. Preope...
journal_title：World journal of surgery
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00268-007-9014-6
更新日期：2007-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Parathyroid cancer is rare. Differentiating parathyroid carcinoma from degenerative changes at histopathology can be difficult and studies investigating the value of single immunohistochemical markers have had variable results. In this study we aimed to investigate whether a panel of immunohistochemistry mar...
journal_title：World journal of surgery
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00268-014-2700-2
更新日期：2014-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:It is difficult to evaluate precisely the effects of one individual on an entire discipline such as surgery. Indeed, it is impossible to do so when such a discipline spans so vast a country as the United States of America. Nevertheless, as a mountain peak can be seen from afar, so may one perceive the influence of man...
journal_title：World journal of surgery
pub_type： 传,历史文章,杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s002689900357
更新日期：1998-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Since the human genome has been sequenced many mysteries of cell biology have been unravelled, thereby clarifying the pathogenesis of several diseases, particularly cancer. In members of kindreds with certain hereditary diseases, it is now possible early in life to predict with great certainty whether or not...
journal_title：World journal of surgery
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s00268-006-0616-1
更新日期：2007-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Surgical innovation relies on patient safety and quality of life, which require a drastic iatrogenic impact reduction. A parallel development toward less invasive approaches has occurred in the field of surgery, interventional radiology, and endoscopy. Minimally invasive techniques provide unquestionable benefits to p...
journal_title：World journal of surgery
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00268-014-2879-2
更新日期：2015-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:The importance of safe anesthesia for the best possible surgical outcomes in every patient is not disputed in high resource settings. Low-income countries lag far behind in the provision of, and training for, safe anesthesia practice. Too little is known about numbers and types of providers in a majority of ...
journal_title：World journal of surgery
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00268-014-2775-9
更新日期：2015-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The loss or failure of an organ or tissue is one of the most frequent, devastating, and costly problems in healthcare. Current treatment modalities include transplantation of organs, surgical reconstruction, use of mechanical devices, or supplementation of metabolic products. A new field, tissue engineering, applies t...
journal_title：World journal of surgery
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s00268-001-0131-3
更新日期：2001-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Schistosomiasis is a waterborne trematode with numerous subtypes affecting different areas of the body. Rob Ferreira Hospital is located in an endemic area for schistosomiasis in the Lowveld region of South Africa. We set out to determine the prevalence of Sch istosoma in appendicitis. METHODS:From 2009 to ...
journal_title：World journal of surgery
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00268-015-2954-3
更新日期：2015-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A wide range of clinical symptoms and signs are observed with venous thrombosis. Nonetheless, clinical diagnosis has been found to be unreliable and accurate diagnostic methods must be used before potent therapy such as anticoagulation is instituted, since the complications of treatment themselves can be life-threaten...
journal_title：World journal of surgery
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/BF01658825
更新日期：1990-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:The aim of this study was to report on the application of a minimally invasive technique to the radical extirpation of primary and recurrent pilonidal disease. This technique does not require specific equipments, is ordinarily performed under local anesthesia on an outpatient basis, and provides optimal cosm...
journal_title：World journal of surgery
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00268-019-05313-3
更新日期：2020-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：INTRODUCTION:Hypoxic stress is a feature of rapidly growing thyroid tumours. Cancer progression is thought to be driven by a small population of tumour cells possessing stem cell properties. Hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs) are important mediators of hypoxia. Both HIF-1alpha and HIF-2alpha have been reported to be expr...
journal_title：World journal of surgery
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00268-017-4331-x
更新日期：2018-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Central venous catheters should be positioned at the cavoatrial junction or the right atrium. If catheters are inserted to a depth derived by adding the length between the needle insertion point and the clavicular notch and the length between the clavicular notch and the carina, the catheter tip can be place...
journal_title：World journal of surgery
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00268-020-05449-7
更新日期：2020-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Geriatric collaborative care models improve postoperative outcomes for older adults. However, there are limited data exploring how preoperative geriatric assessment may affect surgical cancellations. METHODS:This is a single-center retrospective cohort analysis. Patients enrolled in the Perioperative Optimi...
journal_title：World journal of surgery
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00268-020-05772-z
更新日期：2021-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The aim of this study was to investigate the epidemiologic characteristics and changing patterns of gallstone disease in Korea over a recent 20-year period. A total of 4020 gallstone patients who had undergone surgery at Seoul National University Hospital during 1981-2000 were analyzed according to periods: period I (...
journal_title：World journal of surgery
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00268-003-6879-x
更新日期：2004-02-01 00:00:00
