Dynamical coupling of wind and ocean waves through wave-induced air flow.

abstract：:Hydrodynamic flow in classical and quantum fluids can be either laminar or turbulent. Vorticity in turbulent flow is often modelled with vortex filaments. While this represents an idealization in classical fluids, vortices are topologically stable quantized objects in superfluids. Superfluid turbulence is therefore th...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Finne AP,Araki T,Blaauwgeers R,Eltsov VB,Kopnin NB,Krusius M,Skrbek L,Tsubota M,Volovik GE

更新日期：2003-08-28 00:00:00

abstract：:A fascinating question in biology is how molecular changes in developmental pathways lead to macroevolutionary changes in morphology. Mutations in homeotic (Hox) genes have long been suggested as potential causes of morphological evolution, and there is abundant evidence that some changes in Hox expression patterns co...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Ronshaugen M,McGinnis N,McGinnis W

更新日期：2002-02-21 00:00:00

abstract：:T-cell receptor-induced apoptosis regulates immune responses and can result from interactions between Fas (Apo1/CD95) and Fas ligand (FasL). Mutations in the genes for Fas and FasL cause disorders resembling human autoimmune diseases in lpr and gld mice, respectively. However, peripheral T-cell deletion takes place in...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Zheng L,Fisher G,Miller RE,Peschon J,Lynch DH,Lenardo MJ

更新日期：1995-09-28 00:00:00

abstract：:Yeasts, which have been a component of the human diet for at least 7,000 years, possess an elaborate cell wall α-mannan. The influence of yeast mannan on the ecology of the human microbiota is unknown. Here we show that yeast α-mannan is a viable food source for the Gram-negative bacterium Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Cuskin F,Lowe EC,Temple MJ,Zhu Y,Cameron E,Pudlo NA,Porter NT,Urs K,Thompson AJ,Cartmell A,Rogowski A,Hamilton BS,Chen R,Tolbert TJ,Piens K,Bracke D,Vervecken W,Hakki Z,Speciale G,Munōz-Munōz JL,Day A,Peña MJ,

更新日期：2015-01-08 00:00:00

abstract：:In contrast to activated CD4+ T cells, resting human CD4+ T cells circulating in blood are highly resistant to infection with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Whether the inability of HIV to infect these resting CD4+ T cells is due to the lack of a key factor, or alternatively reflects the presence of an efficient ...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Chiu YL,Soros VB,Kreisberg JF,Stopak K,Yonemoto W,Greene WC

更新日期：2005-05-05 00:00:00

abstract：:A major aim in immunology has been to understand how the immune system evokes characteristic responses to infection, foreign tissue grafts and tumours. The current view of immunoregulation is based mainly on studies of lymphocyte subsets, either in vitro or by adoptive transfer to irradiated recipients. Many reagents ...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Cobbold SP,Jayasuriya A,Nash A,Prospero TD,Waldmann H

更新日期：1984-12-06 00:00:00

abstract：:Concern about the levels of lead in blood is widespread. There is uncertainty, however, about the relative importance of the various environmental sources. Lead in petrol is widely assumed to be one of the most important sources and air and dust have been identified as the main routes to man. Water is regarded as an i...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Elwood PC,Gallacher JE,Phillips KM,Davies BE,Toothill C

更新日期：1984-07-12 00:00:00

abstract：:Maize smut caused by the fungus Ustilago maydis is a widespread disease characterized by the development of large plant tumours. U. maydis is a biotrophic pathogen that requires living plant tissue for its development and establishes an intimate interaction zone between fungal hyphae and the plant plasma membrane. U. ...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Djamei A,Schipper K,Rabe F,Ghosh A,Vincon V,Kahnt J,Osorio S,Tohge T,Fernie AR,Feussner I,Feussner K,Meinicke P,Stierhof YD,Schwarz H,Macek B,Mann M,Kahmann R

更新日期：2011-10-05 00:00:00

abstract：: ...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Goodman SN

更新日期：2018-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Small synthetic molecules called growth-hormone secretagogues (GHSs) stimulate the release of growth hormone (GH) from the pituitary. They act through GHS-R, a G-protein-coupled receptor for which the ligand is unknown. Recent cloning of GHS-R strongly suggests that an endogenous ligand for the receptor does exist and...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Kojima M,Hosoda H,Date Y,Nakazato M,Matsuo H,Kangawa K

更新日期：1999-12-09 00:00:00

abstract：:How left/right functional asymmetry is layered on top of an anatomically symmetrical nervous system is poorly understood. In the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans, two morphologically bilateral taste receptor neurons, ASE left (ASEL) and ASE right (ASER), display a left/right asymmetrical expression pattern of putative ...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Johnston RJ,Hobert O

更新日期：2003-12-18 00:00:00

abstract：:The detection of electron spins associated with single defects in solids is a critical operation for a range of quantum information and measurement applications under development. So far, it has been accomplished for only two defect centres in crystalline solids: phosphorus dopants in silicon, for which electrical rea...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Yin C,Rancic M,de Boo GG,Stavrias N,McCallum JC,Sellars MJ,Rogge S

更新日期：2013-05-02 00:00:00

abstract：:The diverse functions of RNA, which include enzymatic activities, regulatory roles in transcription and translation, are made possible by tertiary structure. Computer algorithms can predict the secondary structure of an RNA molecule using free-energy parameters for base pairing and stacking, loops and bulges. However,...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Puglisi JD,Wyatt JR,Tinoco I Jr

更新日期：1988-01-21 00:00:00

abstract：:CD95 (also called Fas and APO-1) is a prototypical death receptor that regulates tissue homeostasis mainly in the immune system through the induction of apoptosis. During cancer progression CD95 is frequently downregulated or cells are rendered apoptosis resistant, raising the possibility that loss of CD95 is part of ...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Chen L,Park SM,Tumanov AV,Hau A,Sawada K,Feig C,Turner JR,Fu YX,Romero IL,Lengyel E,Peter ME

更新日期：2010-05-27 00:00:00

abstract：:The discovery of the structure of DNA transformed biology profoundly, catalysing the sequencing of the human genome and engendering a new view of biology as an information science. Two features of DNA structure account for much of its remarkable impact on science: its digital nature and its complementarity, whereby on...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Hood L,Galas D

更新日期：2003-01-23 00:00:00

abstract：:Chemokines are small secreted proteins that stimulate the directional migration of leukocytes and mediate inflammation. During screening of a murine choroid plexus complementary DNA library, we identified a new chemokine, designated neurotactin. Unlike other chemokines, neurotactin has a unique cysteine pattern, Cys-X...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Pan Y,Lloyd C,Zhou H,Dolich S,Deeds J,Gonzalo JA,Vath J,Gosselin M,Ma J,Dussault B,Woolf E,Alperin G,Culpepper J,Gutierrez-Ramos JC,Gearing D

更新日期：1997-06-05 00:00:00

abstract：:Ligand-gated ion channels, a major class of cell-surface proteins, have a pseudosymmetric structure with five highly homologous subunits arranged around a central ion pore. The correct assembly of each channel, whose subunit composition varies with cell type and stage of development, requires specific recognition betw...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Yu XM,Hall ZW

更新日期：1991-07-04 00:00:00

abstract：:TMV RNA is not an efficient template for translation of the viral coat protein, in spite of containing nucleotide sequences coding for the protein. Efficient translation requires the prior synthesis within infected cells of a smaller RNA carrying only a portion of the information encoded in the whole genome. ...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Hunter TR,Hunt T,Knowland J,Zimmern D

更新日期：1976-04-29 00:00:00

abstract：:Mice of the C57BL/6 strain are resistant to the development of skin squamous carcinomas (SCCs) induced by an activated Ras oncogene, whereas FVB/N mice are highly susceptible. The genetic basis of this difference in phenotype is unknown. Here we show that susceptibility to SCC is under the control of a carboxy-termina...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Wakabayashi Y,Mao JH,Brown K,Girardi M,Balmain A

更新日期：2007-02-15 00:00:00

abstract：:The three-dimensional structure of the 67K amino-terminal fragment of Escherichia coli DNA topoisomerase I has been determined to 2.2 A resolution. The polypeptide folds in an unusual way to give four distinct domains enclosing a hole large enough to accommodate a double-stranded DNA. The active-site tyrosyl residue, ...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Lima CD,Wang JC,Mondragón A

更新日期：1994-01-13 00:00:00

abstract：:Aerobic methanotrophic bacteria consume methane as it diffuses away from methanogenic zones of soil and sediment. They act as a biofilter to reduce methane emissions to the atmosphere, and they are therefore targets in strategies to combat global climate change. No cultured methanotroph grows optimally below pH 5, but...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Dunfield PF,Yuryev A,Senin P,Smirnova AV,Stott MB,Hou S,Ly B,Saw JH,Zhou Z,Ren Y,Wang J,Mountain BW,Crowe MA,Weatherby TM,Bodelier PL,Liesack W,Feng L,Wang L,Alam M

更新日期：2007-12-06 00:00:00

abstract：:At early stages of the mammalian visual cortex, neurons with similar stimulus selectivities are vertically arrayed through the thickness of the cortical sheet and clustered in patches or bands across the surface. This organization, referred to as a 'column', has been found with respect to one-dimensional stimulus para...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Fujita I,Tanaka K,Ito M,Cheng K

更新日期：1992-11-26 00:00:00

abstract：:Since the first aeroplane flight more than 100 years ago, aeroplanes have been propelled using moving surfaces such as propellers and turbines. Most have been powered by fossil-fuel combustion. Electroaerodynamics, in which electrical forces accelerate ions in a fluid1,2, has been proposed as an alternative method of ...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Xu H,He Y,Strobel KL,Gilmore CK,Kelley SP,Hennick CC,Sebastian T,Woolston MR,Perreault DJ,Barrett SRH

更新日期：2018-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Thewissen et al. describe new fossils from India that apparently support a phylogeny that places Cetacea (that is, whales, dolphins, porpoises) as the sister group to the extinct family Raoellidae, and Hippopotamidae as more closely related to pigs and peccaries (that is, Suina) than to cetaceans. However, our reanaly...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Geisler JH,Theodor JM

更新日期：2009-03-19 00:00:00

abstract：:Chronic myelogenous leukaemia (CML) is a clonal disease arising from malignant transformation of pluripotent hematopoietic stem cells. In most cases, it is characterized by the presence of the Philadelphia (Ph1) chromosome (22q-) which results from a reciprocal translocation between chromosomes 9 and 22 (refs 1-3). In...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Kozbor D,Giallongo A,Sierzega ME,Konopka JB,Witte ON,Showe LC,Croce CM

更新日期：1986-01-23 00:00:00

abstract：:Quantum simulation--the use of one quantum system to simulate a less controllable one--may provide an understanding of the many quantum systems which cannot be modelled using classical computers. Considerable progress in control and manipulation has been achieved for various quantum systems, but one of the remaining c...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Wilson AC,Colombe Y,Brown KR,Knill E,Leibfried D,Wineland DJ

更新日期：2014-08-07 00:00:00

abstract：:Neutralizing antibody function provides a foundation for the efficacy of vaccines and therapies1-3. Here, using a robust in vitro Ebola virus (EBOV) pseudo-particle infection assay and a well-defined set of solid-phase assays, we describe a wide spectrum of antibody responses in a cohort of healthy survivors of the Si...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Adaken C,Scott JT,Sharma R,Gopal R,Dicks S,Niazi S,Ijaz S,Edwards T,Smith CC,Cole CP,Kamara P,Kargbo O,Doughty HA,van Griensven J,Horby PW,Gevao SM,Sahr F,Ebola-CP Consortium.,Dimelow RJ,Tedder RS,Semple MG,Paxt

更新日期：2021-01-27 00:00:00

abstract：:T cells recognize foreign proteins as peptides bound to self molecules encoded by the major histocompatibility complex (MHC). The kinetics of interaction between purified class II MHC molecules and peptides is unusual, in that the rate of association is very slow, but once formed, the complexes are extremely stable. T...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Adorini L,Appella E,Doria G,Cardinaux F,Nagy ZA

更新日期：1989-12-14 00:00:00

abstract：:Developing an optical amplifier on silicon is essential for the success of silicon-on-insulator (SOI) photonic integrated circuits. Recently, optical gain with a 1-nm bandwidth was demonstrated using the Raman effect, which led to the demonstration of a Raman oscillator, lossless optical modulation and optically tunab...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Foster MA,Turner AC,Sharping JE,Schmidt BS,Lipson M,Gaeta AL

更新日期：2006-06-22 00:00:00

abstract：:Caste differentiation and division of labour are the hallmarks of insect societies and at the root of their ecological success. Kin selection predicts that caste determination should result from environmentally induced differences in gene expression, a prediction largely supported by empirical data. However, two excep...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Helms Cahan S,Keller L

更新日期：2003-07-17 00:00:00