Abstract:
:Surgical pathology of the pediatric cranial base is uncommon, but in affected children, traditional operative techniques and management philosophies predominate. While the creation of multidisciplinary skull base teams synergistically pools the talents of individual specialties, a better understanding of the developmental anatomy of the cranial base becomes essential in order for such teams to safely implement these approaches in children. The extant neurosurgical literature lacks a comprehensive review of this anatomy. This report discusses the developmental anatomy and embryology of the cranial base within the context of specific surgical approaches. Detailed development of the calvaria, midface skeleton and orbit is excluded.
journal_name
Pediatr Neurosurgjournal_title
Pediatric neurosurgeryauthors
Gruber DP,Brockmeyer Ddoi
10.1159/000067558keywords:
subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2003-01-01 00:00:00pages
2-8issue
1eissn
1016-2291issn
1423-0305pii
67558journal_volume
38pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract:INTRODUCTION:Our appreciation and understanding of what is now known as the split cord malformation (SCM) have a long history. The oldest known example of SCM is from roughly AD 100. Other isolated examples can be found in the large body of work of the pathologists of the 1800s, where the SCMs were found incidentally d...
journal_title:Pediatric neurosurgery
pub_type: 历史文章,杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000450584
更新日期:2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cyanotic breath-holding spell is a benign and self-limiting disease of young children but occasionally associated with sudden, unexpected death. The authors report a rare case in a 2-year-old girl with a severe form that started after radical resection of a cervicomedullary ganglioglioma. She was admitted to our hospi...
journal_title:Pediatric neurosurgery
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000085163
更新日期:2005-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Dermoids and epidermoids found at reoperation for tethered cord following myelomeningocele repair have been attributed to inadequate excision of cutaneous elements and 'implantation' in the repair site. This study reviews the pathological findings in excised placodes from fresh myelomeningoceles and specimens from tet...
journal_title:Pediatric neurosurgery
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1159/000120780
更新日期:1994-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Inflicted traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a frequent consequence of physical child abuse in infants and children. Twenty-eight children who were 2-42 months of age when hospitalized for moderate to severe TBI were enrolled in a prospective, longitudinal study of neurobehavioral outcome following acquired brain injury....
journal_title:Pediatric neurosurgery
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000028872
更新日期:1999-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::We here describe the case of a boy with an atypical teratoid-rhabdoid tumor (ATRT) of the 4th ventricle at 1 year of age and a local tumor recurrence at 19 months of age. Due to brainstem infiltration, only incomplete tumor resection was possible each time. High-dose chemotherapy, stem cell transplantation and irradia...
journal_title:Pediatric neurosurgery
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000092366
更新日期:2006-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Pineal region lesions consist of a wide variety of rare tumor types, including deep midline cysts, intrinsic pineal tumors, germ cell tumors and vascular lesions. Advances in microsurgical, endoscopic and stereotactic techniques have helped to lower morbidity and mortality in the care of patients harboring these lesio...
journal_title:Pediatric neurosurgery
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1159/000070415
更新日期:2003-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The use of temporal lobectomy for the treatment of intractable complex partial seizures of temporal lobe origin has a long and successful history. When appropriately applied in children, excellent seizure control and neurodevelopmental progress are expected. This article reviews patient selection, evaluating the surgi...
journal_title:Pediatric neurosurgery
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1159/000056036
更新日期:2001-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:Over 170 years ago, traumatic spondylolisthesis of the axis or hangman's fracture was described. Most descriptions of this entity have focused on adult presentations. METHODS:We review the literature on pediatric cases of hangman's fracture emphasizing the embryological as well as presentation aspects. RESULT...
journal_title:Pediatric neurosurgery
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1159/000455923
更新日期:2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECT:The evolution and severity of hydrocephalus in animal models varies in the species and mode of induction. This makes comparisons of the physiological system under investigation difficult between models. We noted that injection of kaolin into neonatal rats results in a dichotomous outcome into either an acute or ...
journal_title:Pediatric neurosurgery
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000055975
更新日期:2000-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::We evaluated the prevalence of pathological visually evoked potentials (VEP) before the appearance of papilledema or other signs of elevated intracranial pressure in children suffering from craniosynostosis. In 52 children (19 girls, 33 boys, median age 7.6 months, mean age 7.6 months, range from 3 to 34 months) preop...
journal_title:Pediatric neurosurgery
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000028746
更新日期:1998-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The infratentorial supracerebellar approach is a popular technique for exposure of lesions of the superior vermis and pineal region. The cerebellomedullary fissure approach is enjoying increasing application as a technique for exposure of the fourth ventricle. Occasionally, a tumor that arises in the quadrigeminal pla...
journal_title:Pediatric neurosurgery
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000055962
更新日期:2000-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Spondylolysis and spondylolisthesis can be associated with significant low back pain, especially in physically active adolescents. Non-operative management is usually successful in improving symptoms, but surgical intervention is occasionally required for those that fail reduction of activity and bracing. In a subpopu...
journal_title:Pediatric neurosurgery
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000072471
更新日期:2003-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Ewing sarcoma (ES) is an aggressive, primary bone malignancy with occasional soft tissue extension. Purely extra-osseous ES is rare. A primary intraspinal, intradural ES without bone involvement is exceedingly rare. ES may be differentiated from other primitive neuroectodermal tumors by molecular analysis. The authors...
journal_title:Pediatric neurosurgery
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1159/000488767
更新日期:2018-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::A case of an intracerebral juvenile xanthogranuloma (JXG) producing complex-partial seizures in a 13-year-old boy is presented. Although the child had no history of JXGs or a systemic histiocytic proliferative disorder, the histopathological and immunocytochemical studies of this lesion were identical to that of a cut...
journal_title:Pediatric neurosurgery
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1159/000121212
更新日期:1997-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Holoprosencephaly is a rare congenital malformation resulting from an impaired midline division of the prosencephalon into distinct cerebral hemispheres. Hydrocephalus is a frequent problem among the few survivors with alobar holoprosencephaly (aHPE), its most severe form. The literature about neurosurgical management...
journal_title:Pediatric neurosurgery
pub_type:
doi:10.1159/000489856
更新日期:2018-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study was performed to compare the effects of continuous intrathecal baclofen infusion (CIBI) and selective posterior rhizotomy (SPR) on upper extremity (UE) spasticity and range of motion in children with cerebral palsy. Spasticity was assessed with the Ashworth scale of muscle tone and range of motion was evalu...
journal_title:Pediatric neurosurgery
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000120941
更新日期:1995-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::We report a 16-year-old healthy boy who presented with sudden loss of vision in both eyes, accompanied by a mild headache. Magnetic resonance imaging showed a chiasmal apoplexy. An urgent craniotomy revealed a cavernous malformation of the chiasm, which was evacuated. There was a subsequent dramatic improvement in bil...
journal_title:Pediatric neurosurgery
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000149911
更新日期:2008-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The Chiari I malformation is associated with a hydromyelic cavity in 55-75% of patients. In the author's series (1977-1991), hydromelia occurred in 111 of 131 patients (85%). There were 35 children. Posterior fossa decompression with duraplasty and fourth ventricle to subarachnoid shunt was made in all patients with C...
journal_title:Pediatric neurosurgery
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1159/000120586
更新日期:1991-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The unified theory, proposed by Pang et al., explains the embryogenetic mechanisms of all variants of split cord malformations (SCMs). All SCMs originate from one basic error occurring around the time when the primitive neurenteric canal closes. The basic error is the formation of an accessory neurenteric canal betwee...
journal_title:Pediatric neurosurgery
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000121033
更新日期:1996-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Maternal malignancy metastatic to the fetus is a rare event, with most neoplasms being either melanocytic or hematopoietic in origin. This report is the first known case of a maternal lung adenocarcinoma metastatic to a fetus. At 2 months of age, this male infant developed multiple scalp masses that were locally resec...
journal_title:Pediatric neurosurgery
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000050384
更新日期:2001-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Posterior fossa syndrome (PFS), also known as cerebellar affective syndrome, is characterized by emotional lability and decreased speech production following injury or surgery to the cerebellum. Rarely, oculomotor dysfunction has been described in association with PFS. Here, we report a case of complete ocular paresis...
journal_title:Pediatric neurosurgery
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000339382
更新日期:2012-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Severe diffuse brain injury in children has a devastating influence on their physical and psychological development. This retrospective study was undertaken to analyse the factors that influence outcome in children with such injuries. The short-term outcomes (Glasgow outcome score) of 74 children (age < or =15 years) ...
journal_title:Pediatric neurosurgery
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000056002
更新日期:2001-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::A 16-year-old male presented with obstructive hydrocephalus secondary to pineal germinoma. There have been many reported cases of abdominal metastasis of pineal germinoma after ventriculoperitoneal shunting. Endoscopic ventriculostomy was preferred in our case, thus avoiding iatrogenic peritoneal seeding, but spinal m...
journal_title:Pediatric neurosurgery
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1159/000089508
更新日期:2006-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::We report here the first case of ruptured arteriovenous malformation (AVM) in a patient with Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome (BWS). The subject was a 9-year-old boy exhibiting various abnormal features characteristic of BWS, who had undergone frequent surgical management for conditions such as umbilical hernia, polydactyl...
journal_title:Pediatric neurosurgery
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000028854
更新日期:1999-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::A case is presented illustrating the usefulness of computerized tomography (CT) with 3-dimensional (3-D) reconstruction for evaluation of a subdental synchondrosis fracture in a child. Odontoid fractures in children less than 7 years of age occur at the subdental synchondrosis and are typically diagnosed with plain x-...
journal_title:Pediatric neurosurgery
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000121135
更新日期:1996-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Endoscopic third ventriculostomy (ETV) has gained wide popularity as a first-line treatment for obstructive hydrocephalus (OHC). We have been performing ETV since 1998. We report our experience with this technique in the management of OHC. METHODS:Between 1998 and 2007, we performed 49 ETV procedures in 46 ...
journal_title:Pediatric neurosurgery
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000257525
更新日期:2009-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Tumors located in the region of the foramen of Monro often present with signs and symptoms of obstructive hydrocephalus. Various types of lesions occur in this location. We describe a case of a dysembryoplastic neuroepithelial tumor of the septum pellucidum presenting with obstructive hydrocephalus and its successful ...
journal_title:Pediatric neurosurgery
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000090464
更新日期:2006-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::A young patient with a large left hemisphere porencephalic cyst underwent neuroimaging investigation (functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), EEG-fMRI, DTI tractography) during presurgical evaluation for intractable epilepsy. The functional workup showed that (a) the healthy hemisphere had undertaken language pr...
journal_title:Pediatric neurosurgery
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000330546
更新日期:2011-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Staphylococcus lugdunensis, a coagulase-negative staphylococcus first described in 1988, has gained recognition as an organism with considerable pathogenic capability in adults. In contrast to the indolent presentation characteristic of other coagulase-negative staphylococci, S. lugdunensis infections resemble the agg...
journal_title:Pediatric neurosurgery
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000050405
更新日期:2001-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Traumatic posterior fossa extradural hematomas (PFEDH) are rare lesions constituting <10% of all extradural hematomas. Reliance on clinical findings alone is not recommended as these are nonspecific; for all suspicious cases, it is advisable to conduct a CT scan. Only a handful of pediatric studies have be...
journal_title:Pediatric neurosurgery
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000438488
更新日期:2015-01-01 00:00:00