Abstract:
:A deaf lesbian couple who sought a sperm donor with a family history of deafness in order to have a child they hoped would be deaf have attracted a lot of criticism. They have been criticised for deliberately creating a deaf child, for denying their child a hearing aid, and for raising the child in a homosexual household.
journal_name
J Med Ethicsjournal_title
Journal of medical ethicsauthors
Spriggs Mdoi
10.1136/jme.28.5.283keywords:
subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2002-10-01 00:00:00pages
283issue
5eissn
0306-6800issn
1473-4257journal_volume
28pub_type
杂志文章abstract::The question of whether old age should or should not play a role in medical decision-making for the elderly patient is regularly debated in ethics and medicine. In this paper we investigate exactly how age influences the decision-making process. To explore the normative argumentation in the decisions regarding an elde...
journal_title:Journal of medical ethics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/jme.2008.025247
更新日期:2008-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Determining whether a research risk meets or exceeds a regulatory standard of risk acceptability is difficult. Recently a framework called the systematic evaluation of research risks (SERR) has been proposed as a method of comparing research risks with predetermined standards of acceptability. SERR purports to offer a...
journal_title:Journal of medical ethics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/medethics-2011-100194
更新日期:2012-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::A patient is described, a woman of 60, who at that age was diagnosed as having Huntington's chorea, a genetic disease which is transmitted as an autosomal dominant. She had one daughter, who was married and lived abroad. The patient's mother and maternal aunt, it emerged during the consultations, had had the disease, ...
journal_title:Journal of medical ethics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1976-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::This paper argues that the four prima facie principles-beneficence, non-maleficence, respect for autonomy and justice-afford a good and widely acceptable basis for 'doing good medical ethics'. It confronts objections that the approach is simplistic, incompatible with a virtue-based approach to medicine, that it requir...
journal_title:Journal of medical ethics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/medethics-2014-102282
更新日期:2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::"No one has advanced a just and logical reason why reward for service to the public should be extended to the inventor of a mechanical toy and denied to the genius whose patience, foresight, and effort have given a valuable new [discovery] to mankind" (Katopis CJ. Patents v patents: policy implications of recent paten...
journal_title:Journal of medical ethics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/jme.2002.000786
更新日期:2004-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Medical tourism involves patients travelling internationally to receive medical services. This practice raises a range of ethical issues, including potential harms to the patient's home and destination country and risks to the patient's own health. Medical tourists often engage the services of a facilitator ...
journal_title:Journal of medical ethics
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.1136/jme.2011.042374
更新日期:2011-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Are fake diagnoses and false or misleading certificates permissible means of helping patients? This question is examined in relation to four examples from Swedish health care: the sterilisation case, the asylum case, the virginity case, and the adoption case. We argue that both consequentialist and deontological ethic...
journal_title:Journal of medical ethics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/jme.2006.018945
更新日期:2008-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::In his classic paper, 'Why abortion is immoral', Don Marquis argues that what makes killing an adult seriously immoral is that it deprives the victim of the valuable future he/she would have otherwise had. Moreover, Marquis contends, because abortion deprives a fetus of the very same thing, aborting a fetus is just as...
journal_title:Journal of medical ethics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/medethics-2012-100604
更新日期:2013-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::W B Gallie's notion of essentially contested concepts remains of philosophical interest. I argue that medicine is one such concept and look at the consequences of this as regards the inappropriateness of looking for definitions and necessary and sufficient conditions to settle debates about what medicine is and is not...
journal_title:Journal of medical ethics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/jme.29.4.261
更新日期:2003-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Non-therapeutic circumcision violates boys' right to bodily integrity as well as to self-determination. There is neither any verifiable medical advantage connected with the intervention nor is it painless nor without significant risks. Possible negative consequences for the psychosexual development of circumcised boys...
journal_title:Journal of medical ethics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/medethics-2012-101284
更新日期:2013-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The objective of this paper is to stimulate academic debate on embryo and fetal research from the perspective of the drafting of a protocol to the European Convention on Biomedicine. The Steering Committee on Bioethics of the Council of Europe was mandated to draw up such a protocol and for this purpose organised an i...
journal_title:Journal of medical ethics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/jme.23.1.32
更新日期:1997-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::In 2006, a paper in the journal Archives of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine described a novel case of growth attenuation therapy and other treatments carried out on Ashley, a severely cognitively, neurologically and physically disabled 6-year-old girl. Some of the moral arguments that have sprung up in respect of th...
journal_title:Journal of medical ethics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/jme.2009.029934
更新日期:2009-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Rationing healthcare is a difficult task, which includes preventing patients from accessing potentially beneficial treatments. Proponents of implicit rationing argue that politicians cannot resist pressure from strong patient groups for treatments and conclude that physicians should ration without informing patients o...
journal_title:Journal of medical ethics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/jme.2006.018523
更新日期:2007-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::This paper examines one particular justification for the screening and termination of embryos/fetuses which possess genetic features known to cause disability. The particular case is that put forward in several places by John Harris. He argues that the obligation to prevent needless suffering justifies the prevention ...
journal_title:Journal of medical ethics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/jme.27.6.380
更新日期:2001-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::In healthcare, a tension sometimes arises between the injunction to do as much good as possible with scarce resources and the injunction to rescue identifiable individuals in immediate peril, regardless of cost (the "Rule of Rescue"). This tension can generate serious ethical and political difficulties for public poli...
journal_title:Journal of medical ethics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1136/jme.2007.021790
更新日期:2008-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::A new human life comes into being not when there is mere cellular life in a human embryo, but when the newly developing body organs and systems begin to function as a whole, the author argues. This is symmetrical with the dealth of an existing human life, which occurs when its organs and systems have permanently cease...
journal_title:Journal of medical ethics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/jme.11.4.205
更新日期:1985-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The United Kingdom Central Council for Nursing, Midwifery and Health Visitors (UKCC) document, Exercising Accountability, states that the role of patient's advocate is an essential aspect of good professional nursing practice (1). The author examines the case for and against the nurse being the best person to act as a...
journal_title:Journal of medical ethics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/jme.20.3.152
更新日期:1994-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::A successful feature of the 4th-year curriculum in the Medical Faculty of the Queen's University, Belfast has been the development of interdisciplinary teaching in a three-week joint course to which several clinical departments contribute...Co-ordinated teaching of topics of common interest in small groups included, u...
journal_title:Journal of medical ethics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1988-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Screening of newborns for permanent congenital or early-onset hearing impairment has emerged as an essential component of neonatal care in developed countries, following favourable outcomes from early intervention in the critical period for optimal speech and language development. Progress towards a similar programme ...
journal_title:Journal of medical ethics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/jme.2005.014720
更新日期:2006-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::With the recent developments in the Human Genome Mapping Project and the new technologies that are developing from it there is a renewal of concern about eugenic applications. Francis Galton (b1822, d1911), who developed the subject of eugenics, suggested that the ancient Greeks had contributed very little to social t...
journal_title:Journal of medical ethics
pub_type: 传,历史文章,杂志文章
doi:10.1136/jme.24.4.263
更新日期:1998-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Although fair distribution of healthcare services for older patients is an important challenge, qualitative research exploring clinicians' considerations in clinical prioritisation within this field is scarce. OBJECTIVES:To explore how clinicians understand their professional role in clinical prioritisation...
journal_title:Journal of medical ethics
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.1136/jme.2007.020693
更新日期:2008-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::As the law around surgical consent continues to evolve, surgeons and those in training risk being caught red-faced and defenceless. Despite repeated concerns regarding surgical consent being raised by the General Medical Council of the UK, how much is changing on the National Health Service shop floor? This report inv...
journal_title:Journal of medical ethics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1136/medethics-2013-101931
更新日期:2015-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:More and more quantitative information is becoming available about the risks of complications arising from medical treatment. In everyday practice, this raises the question whether each and every risk, however low, should be disclosed to patients. What could be good reasons for doing or not doing so? This wi...
journal_title:Journal of medical ethics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/jme.2005.014936
更新日期:2007-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Human embryo models formed from stem cells-known as embryoids-allow scientists to study the elusive first stages of human development without having to experiment on actual human embryos. But clear ethical guidelines for research involving embryoids are still lacking. Previously, a handful of researchers put forward n...
journal_title:Journal of medical ethics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/medethics-2020-106493
更新日期:2021-01-05 00:00:00
abstract::This is a continuation of and a development of a debate between John Keown and me. The issue discussed is whether, in Britain, an unpaid system of blood donation promotes and is justified by its promotion of altruism. Doubt is cast on the notions that public policies can, and, if they can, that they should, be aimed a...
journal_title:Journal of medical ethics
pub_type: 评论,杂志文章
doi:10.1136/jme.25.6.532
更新日期:1999-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Sterilisation is the most desired method of contraception worldwide. In 1996, the Brazilian Congress approved a family planning law that legitimised female and male sterilisation, but forbade sterilisation during childbirth. As a result of this law, procedures currently occur in a clandestine nature upon payment. Desp...
journal_title:Journal of medical ethics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/medethics-2012-101142
更新日期:2013-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Perimortem gamete retrieval has been a possibility for several decades. It involves the surgical extraction of gametes which can then be cryo-preserved and stored for future use. Usually, the request for perimortem gamete retrieval is made by the patient's partner after the patient himself, or herself, has lost the ca...
journal_title:Journal of medical ethics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/medethics-2013-101727
更新日期:2015-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:According to the Declaration of Helsinki, patients who take part in a clinical trial must be adequately informed about the trial's aims, methods, expected benefits, and potential risks. The declaration does not, however, elaborate on what "adequately informed" might amount to, in practice. Medical researcher...
journal_title:Journal of medical ethics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/jme.28.1.45
更新日期:2002-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::This essay is the text of the first Ian Ramsey Memorial Lecture delivered by the author at Oxford University in December 1986. Ramsey, Bishop of Durham from 1966 until his death in 1972, was a philosopher whose interests were contemporary ethical issues created by the interaction of law, medicine, and religion. Duns...
journal_title:Journal of medical ethics
pub_type: 传,历史文章,杂志文章
doi:10.1136/jme.13.4.189
更新日期:1987-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Humanitarian crises and emergencies, events often marked by high mortality, have until recently excluded palliative care-a specialty focusing on supporting people with serious or terminal illness or those nearing death. In the COVID-19 pandemic, palliative care has received unprecedented levels of societal a...
journal_title:Journal of medical ethics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/medethics-2019-105943
更新日期:2020-08-01 00:00:00